1, former Soviet Union: 1957 10 10 On October 4th, the world's first artificial earth satellite was successfully launched by the former Soviet Union. The satellite runs at an altitude of 900 kilometers from the ground; It takes 1 hour and 35 minutes to make a full revolution, and the inclination angle between its orbit and the equatorial plane is 65 degrees. It is a sphere with a diameter of 58 cm and a weight of 83.6 kg. Built-in two radio transmitters that continuously transmit radio signals. The frequencies are 20.005 MHz and 40.002 MHz respectively (the wavelengths are about 15 and 7.5 meters respectively). These signals are in the form of telegraph signals, each lasting about 0.3 seconds. The interval is the same as this. The successful launch of the first man-made earth satellite in the former Soviet Union opened the prelude for mankind to March into space, which greatly stimulated the enthusiasm of all countries in the world to develop and launch satellites.

2. United States: The United States successfully launched the first Explorer-1 artificial satellite in 1958 1 year1October. The star weighs 8.22kg, has a cylindrical cone top, is 203.2cm high, and has a diameter of 15.2cm. It orbits the earth in an elliptical orbit, with a perigee of 360.4km, an apogee of 253 1km, an orbital inclination of 33.34, and an operating period of14.8.

France: France/KLOC-0 successfully launched its first "experimental satellite"-1(A-L) on October 26th. The satellite weighs about 42kg, with an operation period of 108.6 1min, elliptical orbit, perigee of 526.24km, apogee of 1808.85km, and orbital inclination of 34.24. The carrier rocket for launching the A-/KOOC-0/satellite is a "Diamond" tA three-stage rocket with a total length of/KOOC-0/8.7m, a diameter of/KOOC-0/0.4m and a takeoff weight of about/KOOC-0/8t.

4. Japan: Japan successfully launched its first artificial satellite "Otsuka" in February 1970. The satellite weighs about 9.4 kg, the orbital inclination is 3 1.07, the perigee is 339 km, the apogee is 5 138 km, and the operation period is 144.2 minutes. The launch vehicle for launching Dayu satellite is a Landa -45 four-stage solid rocket with a total length of16.5m, a diameter of 0.74m and a takeoff weight of 9.4t.. The first stage consists of a main engine and two boosters with thrust of 37 tons and 26 tons respectively; Second stage thrust 1 1.8 tons; The third and fourth thrust are 6.5 tons and 1 ton respectively.

5. China: 1 970 On April 24th, China's first artificial earth satellite "Dongfanghong"1was successfully launched by the Long March-1 carrier rocket. The satellite has a diameter of about 1m and a weight of 173kg. Its orbit is 439 kilometers from the nearest point of the earth and 2384 kilometers from the farthest point. The angle between the orbital plane and the equatorial plane of the earth is 68.5 degrees, and it takes 1 14 minutes to circle the earth. The satellite plays the music "Dongfanghong" at a frequency of 20009 megacycles. The long-range rocket for launching the "Dongfanghong" satellite/KOOC-0/is a "Long March"/KOOC-0/three-stage launch vehicle with a total length of 2,945 meters, a diameter of 2.25 meters, a takeoff weight of 8/KOOC-0/.6 tons and a launch thrust of/KOOC-0//KOOC-0/2 tons. The launch of "Dongfanghong" 1 fulfilled Mao Zedong's call of "We also want to build satellites". China is a star of science and an outstanding contribution made by the working class, the People's Liberation Army and intellectuals in China to the motherland.

6. Britain: Britain successfully launched its first artificial satellite "Prospero" on1971October 28th, weighing about 66kg, with an orbital inclination of 82. 1, a perigee of 537km and an apogee of148. The operation period is 105.6 minutes. The launch site is located in Woomera rocket launch site in Australia, and the launch vehicle is the British Black Arrow launch vehicle. The main task is to test various new technological inventions, such as testing a new telemetry system and solar cells. It also carries a meteor detector to measure the density of this cosmic dust high-speed particle in the upper atmosphere of the earth.

7. Others: In addition to the above countries, Canada, Italy, Australia, Germany, the Netherlands, Spain, India and Indonesia are also preparing to launch satellites by themselves or have commissioned other countries to launch satellites.