Xue Mo culture

From Chinese Civilization 1

Editor: Snow Desert

Tai Shigong's "Xiang Yu Complex"

jade

1?

Sima Qian, the founder of China historiography, wrote Historical Records for the purpose of "studying the relationship between man and nature, connecting the changes of ancient and modern times and becoming a unified statement." I think he has done all three.

Historians of past dynasties have always regarded "straight calligraphy" and "spring and autumn brushwork" as a major standard of history. However, it is difficult to unify the spring and autumn brushwork and straightforward writing. Confucius said, "The only one who knows me is Spring and Autumn! Only Chunqiu offended me! " Yes, we should punish him. His ethical principle of "respecting people, relatives and saints are taboo" and his incisive narrative method make historical events obscure and difficult to distinguish between true and false. Wang Anshi, the most innovative person in the Northern Song Dynasty, called Spring and Autumn Annals a "broken morning paper", which was really insightful. However, his colleague Ouyang Xiu wrote the History of the New Five Dynasties, but he used the so-called "Spring and Autumn brushwork". Now it seems that the highlight of this book lies in its embarrassing part. As for "the two sides attack each other, attack each other with big ones, attack each other with small ones, condemn each other with guilty ones, and the son of heaven will levy himself." This "one-word praise and criticism" style and his biographical comments at the beginning of Alas are extremely pedantic. Why should Spring and Autumn brushwork be "guilty"? Because the facts are often distorted, and the right and wrong are measured by the subjective judgment of historians or the moral standards of the supreme ruler, which is orthodox and correct. In the end, historical facts often become a once-in-a-lifetime saying that success or failure is at stake, and the starting point of history has also become very poor. After Historical Records, I'm afraid there are few historical books with the purpose of "studying the relationship between man and nature, making changes from ancient times to modern times and forming a unified view", or there are, but there is no "historical talent", "historiography" and "historical knowledge" of Sima Qian. Biography of Xiang Yu is an excellent embodiment of these four things. Famous historians and historical critics, represented by Ban Gu and Liu Zhiji, criticized Sima Qian for including Xiang Yu in the chronicle, as if the chronicle of biographical history books should only be recorded by the emperor "in the new moon". And this is precisely where they are not comparable to Sima Qian in history.

Sima Qian said in "Preface to Taishi Gong": "Yu's so-called storytelling is neat and orderly, not so-called writing, but it is ridiculous to compare it with the Spring and Autumn Period." Show that you are not a surname and talk about orthodoxy, such as Spring and Autumn Annals. Any historian will inevitably have his own ideological origin or ideology. Sima Qian's disrespect for the Spring and Autumn Annals means disrespect for the historical values of Confucianism. Which one does he respect? When talking about the family origin, he quoted his father Sima Tan's evaluation of various theories: "The husband is yin and yang, Confucianism and Mohism, fame, law and morality, and this matter is also a ruler. He acts according to his words and keeps his ears." The technique of observing yin and yang is auspicious and taboo, which makes people afraid; However, its sequence is smooth at four o'clock, and it cannot be lost. Confucians are rich and want less, and diligent and get less, because it is difficult to do everything; However, it is not easy to distinguish between husband and wife in the order of the ceremony of monarch, minister and son. It's hard to be frugal, and you can't always be frugal; However, it is powerful for this purpose and cannot be abolished. Legalists are strict and less generous; However, this is the division between the monarch and the minister and cannot be changed. Famous artists make people frugal and good at distortion; However, its name is real and we can't ignore it. Taoism makes people single-minded, energetic, invisible and supports everything. It is also a skill. Because of the harmony between Yin and Yang, we should adopt the goodness of Confucianism and Mohism, sum up the essence of the law, keep pace with the times, conform to the changes of things, establish customs, and do everything unsuitable. It is easy to operate with reference to the agreement and get twice the result with half the effort. Confucianism is not. It is believed that man dominates the face of the world, and the Lord advocates harmony with ministers, and the Lord follows ministers first. In this way, the Lord works and the minister relaxes. As for the importance of the avenue, be healthy, be envious and be smart, release this and let it work. The husband is exhausted, and the use is ours. Both form and god are in turmoil, and they want to live together with heaven and earth for a long time. They have never heard of it. "He used his father Sima Tan's words to comment on Yin and Yang, Confucianism, ink, name, dharma and Taoism. Only when there is no criticism of Taoism can other schools criticize, especially Confucianism. At that time, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was shouting the ideological slogan of "ousting a hundred schools of thought and respecting Confucianism alone". Among the biographies of Historical Records, Biography of Zhong Ni ranks seventh, and Han Fei ranks first. Sima Qian's intention is worth pondering. Ban Gu said in the Biography of Sima Qian in the Han Dynasty: "Its right and wrong are quite misunderstood by saints. On the main road, the yellow was first followed by the old and then the six classics, which made the ranger retreat from Chu Shi to become an adulterer. Huo Zhi was snobbish and ashamed of poverty, but he also covered it. "In Ban Gu's view, Sima Qian deviated from the mainstream values, which is a drawback in Sima Qian's thought. I have always thought that Sima Jia respects Tao, and we will not classify it for the time being. " "Historical Records Biography of Boyi" said: "Or: Heaven has no relatives, and always keeps company with good people. If Boyi and Shu Qi are good people, aren't they evil? Accumulate benevolence and virtue, so starve to death. Like seventy children, Zhong Ni recommended Yan Yuan as a studious person. However, the reward is empty, the dross is not tired, and the flea is dead. What is God's reward for doing good? Stealing the chicken and not eating the rice, killing people without blinking an eye, but they were cruel and wanton, gathered thousands of party member and ran around the world, but ended up with their lives. What do you mean? This is particularly obvious. In modern times, if you misbehave and violate taboos, you will enjoy happiness and wealth all your life. Or choose the right place to do it, and then say it out loud when things happen. There are countless people who are not angry because of improper behavior and injustice. I'm confused. If the so-called heaven is evil, is it evil? "It is not difficult to see that he is skeptical about the existence of heaven. As an individual, it may be his sorrow, plus being "castrated", and his inner pain and struggle can be imagined. In his words, "intestines are nine times a day, and if you live in them, you will suddenly die, but when you go out, you don't know where to go." "The mind is wandering in contradictions, and the spirit is entangled in contradictions. However, as a historian, he does not belong to any kind of ideology, and may be a manifestation of "freedom of thought and spiritual independence". He is destined to be a first-class historian. If Sima Qian is partial to Taoism, it may be more out of a deep-rooted resistance to a series of autocratic thoughts such as "Confucianism outside" and "miscellaneous hegemony" of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, but it cannot be said that he believes in Taoism.

We often say that what civilization has been created in the Yellow River basin, what civilization has been created in the Yangtze River basin, or what culture belongs to the north and what culture belongs to the south (there is no standard definition difference between civilization and culture so far, but I think the difference lies in being civilized and becoming a civilization with a way of thinking and lifestyle, which can be called culture, so it is impossible to clearly distinguish ancient civilizations or cultures. This is a way to divide cultural boundaries by region. As the origin of civilization, it has its reasons. But in the conflict of civilizations, there will inevitably be mutual integration, showing a situation in which you have me and I have you. The existence of a civilization depends on its core, which will never waver even in the invasion or exchange of countless foreign civilizations. Although it is impossible to rigidly classify what civilization a certain area belongs to, the boundaries of civilization cannot be ignored. The integration of various civilizations always has priorities. In the Zhou Dynasty, the inheritors of Yin Shang culture, represented by Jingchu, Song and Qi, always clashed with the mainstream culture. Jingchu culture has been semi-independent since Shang dynasty, but it is completely influenced by Yin culture. In the Zhou Dynasty, culture became more independent. In the History of Chu Family, it is written that the bear of the King of Chu went to illness and said to the Emperor of Zhou, "I am a barbarian and don't take the name of China", which is blatant. Song was originally the hometown of Yin Shang, and was completely influenced by Yin Shang culture. Qi culture matured in the late Zhou Dynasty. Guanzi is the epitome of Qi culture, and the ideological core of this book is the culture of Yin and Shang with Taoism as its core. The representatives of Chu and Zhuang are Taoism, Qu Yuan's Ci and Fu, and the representatives of Qi culture are Guan Zhong and Huang. The core of these two cultures is Yin Shang culture; Zhou Wenhua, represented by Duke Zhou and Confucius, is also the official culture of the Western Zhou Dynasty, while the Eastern Zhou Dynasty is the Confucian culture. Mencius absorbed a lot of Qi culture, which was different from the authentic Confucius thought. The vassal States of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty still respect Zhou as emperor in name, so Confucian culture has always been "outstanding learning", that is, official thought. Although the Qin Dynasty was under the harsh rule of Legalists, the thought of unification and various laws and regulations still inherited the Zhou Dynasty. At the end of the Qin dynasty, descendants of various vassal States rallied to revive the country, and the resistance of Chu was the strongest, because the thought of Chu culture was the most difficult to accept the autocratic thought of the Qin dynasty. In the early Han Dynasty, the people's hearts were unstable and the economy was depressed. The descendants of the six countries, especially the Chuqi culture, still had great folk influence. Under the pressure of these situations, they had to adhere to the Huang Lao thought of "sharing interest with the people", and they were unable to fight back against the Huns' provocations, so they could only bear the burden of humiliation. Scripture and scenery were managed by two emperors. When Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was in power, he was ambitious, took a fancy to the unified and dictatorial part of Confucianism at a glance, and adopted Dong Zhongshu's suggestion of "ousting a hundred schools of thought and respecting Confucianism alone" with ulterior motives, so as to unify the people's hearts, conquer the Huns and expand the territory, which is the same as Qin Shihuang's adoption of Li Si's "burning books to bury Confucianism". This autocracy does have advantages in political stability and economic development, but it is a great destruction in culture. Sima Qian witnessed and experienced this ideological revolution. Because of his cultural sensitivity, he is bound to have a great sense of hardship. Historical Records is his "handed down" work that painstakingly preserves the origin of a hundred schools of thought.

Any idea that is not unified with the mainstream culture will always be assimilated. Jingchu, Song and Qi are the main assimilation objects of Zhou, Qin and Han rulers. Confucius despised Guan Zhong's rudeness. Kill Shao Zhengmao as soon as he comes to power. Shao Zhengmao is a great master of Qilu culture. Countries in the Central Plains generally believe that "Qi people cheat more", which may be because Qi culture pays insufficient attention to Zhou Lu's rites and music and advocates practical interests, which can be seen from Historical Records Qi Taigong Family. What about Chu and Song? Nature is also the object of ridicule, especially in fables, Chu people and Song people are absurd non-mainstream spokesmen. Mencius' fable "Encouraging Seedlings" is about Song people, and Han Fei's fable "Waiting for the Rabbit" is also about Song people. The person who "carves a boat for a sword" in Lu's Spring and Autumn Annals is a Chu person, and the fable "Ye Gong Long Hao" told by Liu Xiang in the Han Dynasty is also a Chu person. When commenting on Qu Yuan's works, Wang Yi, a native of the Han Dynasty, inadvertently revealed the prejudice of mainstream culture against Chu people, such as: "Only party member won't forgive me, for fear of jealousy." ("Li Sao") Note: "Those who say that Chu is unfaithful and faithless, * * * jealous of my integrity, will be frustrated and destroyed." "Husband is just party member, I don't know what I am hiding." ("Huai Sha"), the note said: "Chu Customs is small and crude, so don't follow my good intentions." Party member, as Qu Yuan said, was a villain who colluded with others for his own selfish interests, and was by no means an ordinary Chu people. Qu Yuan himself is a native of Chu, and all his works express his love for Chu style and culture.

Perhaps the behavior of Chu and Song people is really romantic, even absurd, and very Dionysian. From the works of Qu Yuan and Zhuangzi, we can see that it is unrestrained and informal. This is completely different from the Confucian concept of "three hundred etiquette and three thousand dignity". Although Xiang Yu is a warrior, he can also represent some aspects of personal behavior influenced by Jingchu culture. Sima Qian's thick ink rendering of this historical figure is like Nietzsche's portrayal of Superman, and Tolstoy's portrayal of Haji Miao La makes its spiritual carrier and cultural connotation far higher than history itself.

2

Biography of Xiang Yu combines the historical narrative techniques of Zhou, Qin and Han dynasties, with balanced writing, ups and downs of events and three-dimensional and diverse characters. But the spirit of character is consistent, and there is no sense of disobedience. He achieved perfection in short stories, which almost set a precedent for characterization, event arrangement and atmosphere creation in China's novels. All the characters are centered around Xiang Yu, or in positive contrast with Xiang Yu, or in negative contrast with Xiang Yu, but no matter which historical figure appears, it is bleak or even extremely inferior to Xiang Yu. Qian Zhongshu's Guan Zui Bian said: "Biography of Xiang Yu only said:" It is more than eight feet long and can bear the tripod with outstanding talents ",but its temperament is not correct, so it should be obtained from Fan Zeng and other languages. Words spit and complain, respect kindness and fierce thief, love ceremony and jealousy, women's benevolence and slaughter, eating and drinking separately and playing with printing are all contrary; Second, it is a feather, and it seems that two hands are divided into books and one throat is different, so each is different, so it is appropriate to learn from the mind. " There is no such thing as writing characters in Historical Records. In biographical history books, due to the limitation of single biography, a historical event often needs to be classified into multiple biographies, so the details are not uniform. Therefore, a comprehensive view of a historical figure and historical events requires multiple biographies for reference, which is both fascinating and insufficient. Chronological history books do not have this problem, but the description of historical figures is far less than biographical history books. The contradictory aspects of Xiang Yu's character and behavior listed by Qian Jia all come from others' evaluation of Xiang Yu. With Ming Rui's eyes, Mr. Qian saw Sima Qian's unified shaping of the three-dimensional contradiction of Xiang Yu's character and behavior, but neglected his evaluation of Xiang Yu, which also reflected the character of others. In particular, Chen Ping, Han Xin and Liu Bang turned their backs on Xiang Yu.

Chen Ping said to Liu Bang, "Wang Xiang is a man who respects his lover, and those who are honest and polite will repay him. As for meritorious service, scholars don't attach it ... Wang Xiang can't trust people, and he doesn't love his wife's brother. Although a strange man can't use it, he will go to Chu. " Chen Ping always contributes by cheating. What worries him most is Liu Bang's suspicion and distrust of him. So when evaluating Xiang Yu, he specifically mentioned that Xiang Yu could not be trusted. Han Xin said to Liu Bang, "Please tell me that Wang is a man. Wang Xiang is evil and arrogant, and thousands of people waste it; However, you can't be a wise general. It's a man's courage. When Xiang Wang saw that people were respectful and loving, they spoke with disgust and sobbed and ate. If you want to make meritorious service, you can't bear to give it when you are knighted. This is the so-called woman's benevolence. " Han Xin fought like a god, but he was capricious and always ambitious. After he took refuge in Liu Bang, he was soon made a general. After he destroyed Qi, "people said that Hanwang said," The false and treacherous country is easy, and the south is Chu. It's not a fake king who goes to town. It's irresistible. It turned out to be a fake king. "At that time, Chu rushed to surround Hanwang in Xingyang, and Han Xin's special envoy arrived and issued letters. Hanwang was furious and scolded, "I am trapped here. I hope that if I come to help me, I will stand on my own feet and be king!" " Therefore, his evaluation of Xiang Yu is most concerned about whether he is knighted. From the perspective of Biography of Xiang Yu, the biggest mistake of Xiang Yu is that there are too many titles, and the titles are getting out of control, which leads to people's distraction and mutual attacks, making Xiang Yu explore the east and the west, and he is exhausted. And Liu bang is the most stingy sealing Wang Yin, otherwise how can be forced to seal in Han Xin, sealing the world after the governors will not be wiped out one by one? Let's look at Liu Bang's evaluation of Xiang Yu's failure: "Xiang Yu has a Fan Zeng that can't be used, so do it for me! "Liu bang's most smug thing is that he is incompetent, but he can choose people. He said: "I strategize and win a thousand miles, not as good as the ovary;" "The town, the people, and the reimbursement, the route for providing foodstuff is endless, and I am not as good as Xiao He; Even if it's a million people, I'm not as good as Han Xin. All three are excellent people. I can use them. This is why I take the world. " Many people think that this is Liu Bang's modesty, but it is actually his boast. It seems that a nouveau riche started a big company, hired a group of highly educated talents, and then said, "I didn't graduate from primary school. What does it matter?" These highly educated guys are still working for me! " This may be Liu Bang's mentality, and everyone who listens to him thinks he is praising the minister. This is Liu Bang's imperial skill, which means that no matter how great the skill is, it can't escape from his palm. I think Shi Naian knew this well, so he shaped and processed the historical role of Song Jiang in Water Margin. On many occasions, Liu Bang showed his true colors as a rogue. Be defeated and flee all the way by Xiang Yu. "Chu riding after Hanwang, Hanwang nasty, and out of the car, rattan tail often receive it. If so, the third one. "Pushing the son and daughter out of the car for three times can be described as non-toxic and not husband. It was in this escape that I left my father and wife behind, and I was captured by Xiang Yu. "At this time, Peng Yue turned his back on the State of Chu, which was deprived of food, and the King of Chu suffered greatly. For Gao Yi's sake, I put Taigong on it and said to Hanwang, I'm not in a hurry. I'll cook Taigong. Hanwang said: Xiang Yu and I were ordered by the king of Beihuai, saying,' I make an appointment with my brothers'. If I were an old man, I would like to cook, so I am lucky to share a soup. "Maybe when the emperor needs liu bang. How can Xiang Yu beat him? In desperation, "Wang Xiang called Hanwang and said,' All people of several years old in Hungary are willing to challenge Hanwang and fight with us without suffering the people and their descendants. Hanwang thanked him with a smile and said,' I would rather fight for wisdom than strength. "Xiang Yu's innocence and cuteness made Liu Bang laugh. He said that Xiang Yu could not use Fan Zeng, but forgot that Xiang Yu had always regarded Fan Zeng as the "father". Chen Ping got in the way, Xiang Yu alienated Fan Zeng, "slightly seized power", and Fan increased his anger. Liu bang said he wanted to hire people, but he always killed the donkey when he was finished. Before he died, even Fan Kuai, who followed him from the beginning, was imprisoned and prepared to be beheaded. When Liu Bang said that Fan Zeng could not be used, he should mean that he did not listen to Fan Zeng and killed him at the "Hongmen Banquet". Liu Bangjun and his subjects are United and do everything they can, but Xiang Yu always goes his own way, trusting his courage too much, not knowing politics, and disdaining to use politics. After Xiang Liang's death, Xiang Bo, his closest relative, always turned his elbow outward at a critical moment, either informing him or obstructing him in every way, but Xiang Yu never doubted him. After Xiang Yu's death, Xiang Bo was blocked. How sad Xiang Yu is. At the beginning of the pack, at both ends of the first mouse, Chen Ying was smart enough to protect herself, and it was a fluke to speculate that Xiang Yu "learned that all the soldiers crossed the river, all of them were heavy, and they burned the house, giving three diets to show that the foot soldiers would die, and none of them returned." "So he left the king with him, met Qin Jun, fought nine battles, broke his tunnel, broke the tunnel, killed Su Jiao and captured the king." When Xiang Yu and the late death battle, "the vassal army saved more than ten walls from the giant deer and did not dare to fight." When Chu attacked Qin, all the generals were watching. "Xiang Yu, there will be a brave man, so there will be a brave man. Sima Qian used three "nothing" to render the bravery of Xiang Yu and the bravery of Chu Bing. " Chu soldiers are all one to ten. When the Chu soldiers moved, the princes and armies were all afraid. So Qin Jun was broken, and Xiang Yu called governors and generals into Yuanmen. Everyone is kneeling forward, afraid to look up. "I'm afraid there is no Xiang Yu, nor those' thieves' swept away by General Qin in the uprising. Didn't Xiang Yu fight for half of the Han Dynasty?

There are countless reasons for Xiang Yu's failure, because there is only one reason for success, and victory itself is the reason. Sima Qian doesn't think so. He used Xiang Yu's tragedy to reflect the humanity of the whole era. Ruan Ji, a thinker in Wei and Jin Dynasties, went to the place where Chu and Han contended, and sighed through the ages: "Be a hero and make Lizi successful." Xiang Yu's failure, Song Xianggong's failure and Chu Huaiwang's failure have different generations.

Xiang Yu, who is "cross the rubicon", heard begging for mercy (Liu Bang and Sean) and saw a strong man (Fan Kuai) at the "Hongmen Banquet", and he relented, preferring to be humiliated by Fan Zeng without saying a word. The result is "besieged on all sides", and it is about to stage a "Farewell My Concubine". "The wall of Wang Jun fell under the siege, and the Han army and the vassal soldiers were heavily surrounded. In the evening, when Wang Xiang heard that the Han army was besieged on all sides, he was startled and said, "Did the Han army capture the State of Chu? "He Chu so many people!" Wang Xiang gets up at night and drinks in his tent. If you have a beauty, you will always be lucky; Good horses are famous and often ride. Therefore, Wang Xiang is a sad and generous poet, who wrote a poem for himself, saying, "If you pull out a mountain, you will be angry with the world, and if it is unfavorable, you will not die." What can I do without dying? "Songs count, beauty and it. Xiang Wang cried several times, and both sides cried, so he dared not look up. " There are magical powers, beautiful women, BMW, brothers, wine, singing, poetry, sadness, tears and where you will go. This is not the overlord of the central plains, fighting for the world. It's Shui Bo, a Liangshan hero, a generation of dusty chivalrous men wandering the Jianghu. They just lost their foothold in vanity fair politically and became eternal regrets.

When the soldiers were defeated by the banks of the Wujiang River, "the pavilion was waiting for the boat, saying that Wang Xiang said,' Although Jiangdong is small, it is thousands of miles away, and hundreds of thousands of people are enough to be king. May the king rush by. I have a boat today, and the Han army is here, so I can't cross it. King Xiang smiled and said,' What should I do if the sky dies because of me? Besides, 8,000 people crossed the river to the west with Jiangdong's children, and none of them came back today. How can I see them? Even if you don't say anything, is a person worth it? It is said that the pavilion owner said,' I know the elders. I rode this horse when I was five years old and I was invincible. I tried to travel thousands of miles a day, and I couldn't bear to kill it for the public. ""Chu people believe in heaven and ghosts and gods, so Xiang Yu believes in heaven and thinks that heaven will kill him and he would rather die. Sima Qian criticized Xiang Yu: "It is difficult to exile the righteous emperor to stand on his own feet and blame the princes for betraying themselves. Self-conceited meritorious service, unlearned spell personal wisdom, known as the overlord's business, want to rule the world by force. Five years after his death, the country died, and he died in Dongcheng, but he still didn't feel guilty or blame himself. It is wrong to quote' Heaven kills me, but it is not a crime to use soldiers'! " Sima Qian's tone seems to hate iron and not produce. Did he forget the consciousness of Xiang Yu? Do you believe in heaven or that the noble descendants of Chu people are "generals of Xiang for generations"? Xiang Yu, who exiled the righteous emperor, should be criticized, but what about Zhu Yuanzhang, the Ming emperor who killed Wang Xiaoming?

Xiang Yu refused to cross Jiangdong, but gave the WuZhui BMW to the boatman. Gu Han Jian rode Sima Lv Matong and said, "What if it's not my old friend?" In stable boy's face, he pointed to Wang Yi and said,' This is also a king.' Nai said,' I heard that Han bought my eldest daughter, a thousand households, and I am very proud.' "Give the overlord head to an old friend again. Finally, I committed suicide in Notes, and this scene became a tragic legend. Although the Xianyang rebellion is his biggest stain, he is not the only one who hates Qin Shen. " Although Chu has three households, it will destroy Qin. "How can you not slaughter qin? As a vivid and true "person", Xiang Yu is doomed to fail in the era of intrigue. After Xiang Yu committed suicide, "Wang Jin took his head and competed with Qi Yu for the king, killing dozens of people." Finally, the card shark rode Yang and Sima, and the card shark got one each from Lu Sheng and Yang Wu. All five people will be * * *. Therefore, it is divided into five parts: Lv Matong was named Zhongshui Hou, Wang Ming was named Du Yanhou, Yang was named Chiquan Hou, Yang Wu was named Wu Fanghou, and Lu Sheng was named Nie Yanghou. "In our opinion, this is an ugly scene. Sima Qian gave Xiang Yu the highest funeral with the seals of these villains. Sima Qian said: "I heard from Zhou Sheng that Shun's eyes were full of heavy pupils, and I also heard that Xiang Yu was also a heavy pupil. Are feathers evil? "Later, many historical critics thought that Sima Qian's logic was unreasonable. Is it because Shun has a heavy pupil and Xiang Yu is also a heavy pupil that you can conclude that Xiang Yu is a descendant of Dashun? When Liu Bang was born, his mother "dreamed of meeting God", and his father saw "the lightning was hazy" and "the dragon was on it". Wearing a cuckold is a shame, wearing a cuckold is a glory, God is a glory, and dragon is a glory. Those who win the hearts of the people get the world, those who get the world get the destiny, those who get the destiny get the help of heaven, and then take Shinto as the teaching and do whatever they want. This is the standard birth routine of the founding emperor in the twenty-fifth history. As a teaching material, it is generally not creative. Even the leaders of peasant uprisings in past dynasties copied it, but the emperor and generals refused to change it. Xiang Yu did not have such a background, and Sima Qian was unbalanced. He felt that Xiang Yu "why is it violent!" There is no difference between the two. It must be after the sage, so I gave Xiang Yu a birth certificate. Liege Tang Wen recorded: "Kuafu overreached himself and wanted to chase the shadow of the sun to the corner of the valley. If you are thirsty, you will drink river water and Wei. River, lack of nutrition, will go to the north to drink Ozawa. Before he arrived, he died of thirst. Abandon the stick and soak the resin paste, and give birth to Deng Lin. Deng Lin is thousands of miles away. " About Xiang Yu is the embodiment of Kuafu, otherwise, how could he live so heroically and die so heroically? Perhaps only Jingchu culture can make such a person! Perhaps only Sima Qian can let us appreciate the charm of Jingchu culture in this way!

end

Xue Mo, formerly known as Chen Kaihong, was born in Liangzhou, Gansu. National first-class writer, famous cultural scholar, vice chairman of Gansu Writers Association, president of Guangzhou Xiangba Culture Research Institute, and "humanistic tutor" of Fudan University and Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Cancer Institute.

Image | Source Network | Invasion and deletion