Since the 1960s, environmental pollution and ecological destruction have become increasingly serious worldwide, and environmental problems and environmental protection have gradually attracted the attention of the international community. 1On June 5th, 972, the United Nations held the first conference on the human environment in Stockholm, Sweden, and adopted the famous Declaration on the Human Environment and the Action Plan for Protecting the Global Environment, putting forward the slogan of "protecting and improving the environment for this generation and future generations". 11300 delegates from13 countries and regions suggested that the opening day of the conference be "World Environment Day".

The delegation of China actively participated in the drafting of the above declaration, and put forward the 32-word policy of the China government on environmental protection approved by Premier Zhou Enlai at the meeting: "Overall planning, rational layout, comprehensive utilization, turning harm into benefit, relying on the masses, jointly protecting the environment and benefiting the people."

In the same year, the 27th General Assembly decided to establish the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) on the basis of the recommendations of the Stockholm Conference, and designated June 5th as the World Environment Day, requiring United Nations agencies and governments and organizations around the world to hold various activities to protect the environment and combat public hazards around June 5th every year. The United Nations Environment Programme also publishes the annual report on the state of the world environment on this day.

The theme of "World Environment Day" over the years

1974: There is only one earth.

1975: human settlement

Water: an important source of life

1977: Pay attention to ozone layer destruction, soil erosion, soil degradation and deforestation.

1978: development without destruction

1979: for the future of children-development without destruction

1980: New 10 year, new challenge-development without destruction.

198 1 year: protect groundwater and human food chain and prevent toxic chemical pollution.

1982: Commemorating the anniversary of Stockholm Conference on Human Environment 10-Raising Environmental Awareness

1983: manage and dispose of hazardous wastes, prevent the harm of acid rain, and improve the energy utilization rate.

1984: combating desertification

1985: youth, population and environment

1986: environment and peace

1987: environment and housing

1988: environmental protection, sustainable development and public participation.

1989: Watch out for global warming.

1990: children and the environment

199 1 year: climate change-global cooperation is needed.

1992: There is only one earth-care and share together.

1993: poverty and environment-getting rid of the vicious circle

1994: One Earth, One Family

1995: People of all countries unite to create a better world.

1996: Our Earth, Residence and Home

1997: for life on earth.

1998: Save our oceans for life on earth.

1999: Saving the earth means saving the future.

2000: environmental Millennium, let's take action.

200 1: Everything in the world is a web of life.

2002: Make the earth full of vitality.

2003: Water-2 billion people are eager for water.

2004: Everyone is responsible for the survival of the ocean.

Bohai Sea and Blue Ocean Action Plan

On the occasion of the arrival of World Environment Day this year, the State Environmental Protection Administration pointed out in a document that World Environment Day is a favorable opportunity to carry out environmental publicity and education and raise national environmental awareness. Combined with the theme of World Environment Day this year, environmental protection departments at all levels should vigorously publicize and implement the national key environmental protection project-Bohai Sea and Blue Sea Action Plan.

It is understood that the Bohai Blue Sea Action Plan, which lasted for 15 years and cost 55 billion yuan, was launched in 2006, with 5438+0, 1, which is the largest project to improve the marine ecological environment in China so far.

Bohai Sea, located in the north of China, is the only inland sea in China, and the industry and agriculture around Bohai Sea are developed. However, in recent years, the pollution in Bohai Sea has intensified, the marine ecological environment has deteriorated, red tides have occurred frequently, and fishery resources have declined seriously.

The research shows that the emission of industrial pollutants and domestic sewage is increasing, the use of chemical fertilizers is increasing, coastal development is frequent, and the scale of maritime traffic and oil exploitation is expanding, which are the main causes of pollution. The main pollutants are phosphorus, nitrogen, organic pollutants and petroleum.

The Bohai Blue Sea Action Plan will be implemented in three stages: short-term (200 1 to 2005), medium-term (2006-20 10) and long-term (201to 20 15).

The main objectives to be achieved in the recent action plan are that all land industrial pollution sources are discharged up to the standard, and a number of urban sewage treatment plants are built and renovated, so that pollutants discharged into the Bohai Sea through the Liaohe River and Haihe River can be effectively reduced, and the coastal shelter forest system and national and regional ship oil spill emergency systems are basically completed.

The medium-term goal is to effectively control the growth trend of nitrogen, phosphorus and oil discharged into the Bohai Sea, and the water quality in the coastal waters basically reaches the goal of environmental function zoning. At the same time, the port ship garbage receiving and processing device will be built, the "zero pollution" plan for ship oil pollutants in Bohai Sea will be launched, and the monitoring and early warning system for environmental pollution and red tide disasters will be established.

The goal of the long-term action plan is to effectively control the total discharge of pollutants such as nitrogen, phosphorus and oil, achieve the goal of environmental function zoning, restore a good ecosystem and improve the service function of the ecosystem.