1806, Napoleon led 90,000 troops to conquer Prussia, William III led120,000 troops to meet, and the two sides launched a decisive battle in Jena. In the face of the "skirmisher line" tactics of the French army, the Pu Jun army charged by the regiment was vulnerable, killing and injuring more than 30,000 people. The French Lien Chan won in a row and entered Berlin. Prince blucher and Prince Hornloch surrendered.

1805 At the Battle of Austerlitz, Prussia reached an agreement with Napoleon. 150000 Pu Jun stood by and did not reinforce the Russian-Austrian Coalition forces. Napoleon was able to concentrate his forces, attack the main force of the Disabled Persons' Federation and disintegrate the anti-French alliance. After the war, Napoleon signed an agreement with William III, promising to "give" Hanover to Prussia. When Napoleon negotiated with Britain, he promised to hand over Hanover to Britain, acknowledging that it was the territory of the British king.

Because of Napoleon, there was a contradiction between England and Prussia. Before the battle of Austerlitz, Prussia abandoned its ally, the Russian-Austrian Coalition forces, which led to isolation. During the "Seven Years' War", Prussia defeated the French and Austrian armies and felt good about itself. At this time, Prussia was dissatisfied with Napoleon's handling of the "Hanover Problem" and decided to send troops to attack the French army.

Napoleon didn't trust Prussia either. He hoped that his opponent would challenge him, then weaken his main force and make Prussia obey. 1806, Napoleon led 90,000 troops against Prussia, and the two sides fought a decisive battle in Jena.

William III personally took command, called 120000 military forces, and met the French army in three ways. William and Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick, led more than 60 thousand people and were the main forces; Prince Hornloch led 40,000 people and was a striker; Blucher rate of more than 20000 people, as a mobile force.

In terms of the number of troops, Prussia's army is 6.5438+0.2 million, plus the military and horses in the towns along the way, not less than 200,000. However, Prussia adhered to the tradition, its tactics were dull, and it was very unfavorable in the era of hot weapons.

The French army has 90,000 people, which is not as good as that of Pu Jun, but it is well-equipped. Napoleon reformed the "skirmisher line" tactics to make the command more flexible. The "skirmisher line" tactic of small column assault was very popular in the era of hot weapons. Napoleon's soldiers divided into three ways, killed Jena, and met Prince Hornloch. At this point, Napoleon mistakenly thought that he had met the main force, so he ordered the general Dawu and Bernardote to lead the troops to reinforce and participate in the attack on Pu Jun.

Prince Hornloch saw that the French army was small and took the lead in attacking. Napoleon used chariots to guard, arranged artillery fire, and poured ammunition into Prussia. The battlefield was filled with smoke. Large-scale group charge, Prussian cavalry, although very brave, brave, not afraid of death, but can only send people's heads. In the face of fierce French artillery fire, Pu Jun's collective killing can only be to send people's heads.

After the artillery bombardment, the French infantry entered the war, and the soldiers kept the necessary distance to avoid the opponent's fire. Napoleon innovated the "skirmisher line" tactics, and Prussia couldn't stand it at all and fled in succession. When Napoleon and Prince Hornloch fought fiercely, Davu led 30,000 soldiers and horses to reinforce them. On the way, he was blocked by the main forces led by William III and Ferdinand.

Brave and skillful, the French army was well trained, which not only blocked the Prussian attack, but also fought back. Pu Jun was outnumbered, but the French "skirmisher line" tactics were too fierce and the cavalry was well equipped.

Infantry, cavalry, artillery coordinated operations, William III hopeless victory, retreat toward the rear. The French army and people from all walks of life met in one place. Napoleon reorganized the combat troops and tried to annihilate the Pu Jun army stationed in Jena and Weimar. In the first encounter, William III realized the seriousness of the French army and led the main force to retreat. Pu Jun's army in Jena and Weimar, led by blucher and the Duke of Hornloch, has nearly 60,000 troops and can fight in World War I. ..

Napoleon sent Dawu to pursue William III with 30,000 horses, and I personally led the main attack on Jena. Marshal Nye was the first to attack, and he was supported by Miao La cavalry. The French army was divided into several columns for a surprise attack, and Pu Jun was defeated and fled quickly. When Pu Jun escaped, Oglaud led the troops around to the right of Pu Jun. Blucher thought there were few soldiers, so he ordered the soldiers to line up and fight, with the infantry charging from the middle and the cavalry flanking.

Oglaud built fortifications, put cannons in front, and met Pu Jun with heavy artillery fire. The artillery fire disrupted the formation of Pu Jun, and the battlefield was bloody. The French cavalry took advantage of the situation to flank from both sides. Armed with a musket, Pu Jun escaped again and retreated to Weimar.

At the beginning of the Battle of Jena, Davu led his troops to storm Oster and fight against William III. There are not many French troops in Davao, only half as many as in Pu Jun, but they can win more with less. The Duke of Brunswick died of serious injuries. Dawu relied on the village to cover the French infantry and artillery. Pu Jun's command was very slow. He charged in droves and killed the whole village. He became the target of the French army and suffered heavy losses.

The infantry and cavalry were defeated one after another, and Ferdinand was seriously injured. He was killed on the battlefield, and Pu Jun's command was even more chaotic. William III personally went into battle and ordered Pu Jun to fight back, but to no avail, the soldiers fled.

A debacle, William III quickly withdraw, retreat in the direction of East Prussia. The French pursued them, and Pu Jun lost Lien Chan. Berlin was conquered by Dawu, and Prince blucher and Hornloch surrendered.

In the battle of Jena, the French army was outnumbered, more than 30,000 people were killed in Pujun, and Lord Ferdinand was also killed. The main reason for Pu Jun's failure is that the tactics are too rigid. In the face of Napoleon's "skirmisher line" tactics, the group charge can only be the target.

In the Battle of Jena, scharnhorst, Gnesenau, clausewitz and other generals realized Pu Jun's backwardness. They were saddened by Pu Jun's defeat and decided to innovate and reshape the Prussian army.

1870, Charles Louis Napolé on Bonaparte led 65438+100000 troops to Prussia, full of confidence. However, the Prussian army that completed the innovation is not what it used to be. It swept the French army in the Battle of Sedan, and Charles Louis Napolé on Bonaparte became a prisoner.