① High-speed railway has the characteristics of serving the public and being close to people's livelihood. In the process of high-speed railway development, improving the ability of independent innovation is the key to provide fast, safe and low-cost social services for the people.

(2) In recent years, in accordance with the general requirements of "introducing advanced technology, jointly designing and producing, and building China brand", China Railway Department has adhered to the technical policy of "introducing, maturing, economical, applicable and reliable", combined original innovation, integrated innovation, introducing digestion and absorption, and then innovating, and successfully introduced the world's most advanced technologies of 200 km/h and 300 km/h EMU, high-power electric power and diesel locomotive. China is one of the few countries in the world that can manufacture high-speed railway mobile equipment with a speed of 350 kilometers per hour. According to experts, the technical characteristics of the newly off-line EMU of CNR Tangshan Railway Passenger Car Co., Ltd. are 8 cars in formation, 4 moving and 4 towing. It adopts electric traction AC drive mode, and is advanced and mature in traction system, braking system, high-speed bogie and car body aerodynamics, and is in a leading position in the world today.

③ The development of domestic 350km/h EMU not only introduced the mature high-speed EMU technology in the world, but also adapted to the characteristics of China railway passenger demand, and made many optimization designs and innovations. According to the dynamic principle, the car body is streamlined, which reduces the air resistance and noise of EMU. Adopting high-speed bogie, anti-collision car body structure and unique fireproof design structure not only has the characteristics of fast speed and comfortable ride, but also has high safety performance; Equipped with on-board technical diagnosis system, it can efficiently complete the detection, prediction and elimination of various functional equipment faults; It has good sealing performance, and can protect passengers from the influence of pressure waves outside the train when the train passes through the tunnel at high speed.

④ The design and manufacture of EMU embodies the humanized concept of taking passengers as the center. For example, lighting systems with elegant internal structure, good visual effect and harmonious distribution of invisible light sources, rotatable seats, multimedia video systems, disabled toilets, wheelchair storage areas, baby care desks, etc. And 65,438+000% of interior materials meets the relevant international environmental protection standards, providing passengers with a green and environmentally friendly ride environment.

⑤ CRH3 "Harmony" EMU with a speed of 350km/h has now entered the stage of mass production. The Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway with a design speed of 350 kilometers per hour has started. After the opening of the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway, the whole journey from Beijing to Shanghai will be shortened to 5 hours; It takes about 3.5 hours from Beijing to Hulai, Shijiazhuang. It is estimated that it will only take 1 hour from Beijing to Shijiazhuang after the completion of the Beijing-Shijiazhuang high-speed railway passenger dedicated line.

China will usher in a new era of high-speed railway!

16. From which three aspects does this paper introduce the development of EMU? (3 points)

17, can the braille "one" in paragraph ② be removed? Why? (2 points)

18, the interpretation methods used in paragraph ⑤ are, and (3 points).

19. Independent innovation is a valuable asset for a country's development. Please give full play to your intelligence and put forward two ideas for the future traffic development. (2 points)

16. This paper points out that high-speed railway has the characteristics of serving the public and being close to people's livelihood. In the process of high-speed railway development, improving the ability of independent innovation is the key to provide fast, safe and low-cost social services for the people. The development of EMU is introduced from three aspects.

17. The dotted word "a" in paragraph (2) cannot be deleted because one of them emphasizes China. If deleted, it is inconsistent with the author's original intention, which shows the accuracy of the words used in the article.

18. The interpretation method used in paragraph (5) is to list the figures and compare them.

19.① build the expressway higher; ② Increase the width of the expressway.