Olympic Games Olympic Games (Greek: ο λ υ μ π ι α κ ο? Αγ? νε? , referred to as the Olympic Games or the Olympic Games, is an international sports meeting sponsored by the International Olympic Committee, which is held every four years. The Olympic Games originated in ancient Greece and got its name because it was held in Olympia. /kloc-At the end of 0/9, Baron Coubertin of France founded the truly modern Olympic Games. Since 1896, the Olympic Games have been held every four years (interrupted three times in two world wars, in 19 16, 1940 and 1944 respectively), and the duration of the Olympic Games does not exceed/kloc-0. Since the Winter Olympics was founded in 1924, the Olympic Games is also called the Summer Olympics. The Olympic Games has now become a symbol of peace and friendship.

Olympic rings

The Olympic movement has a series of unique and distinctive symbols, such as the Olympic symbol, motto, Olympic flag, anthem, emblem, medal and mascot. These signs have rich cultural connotations and vividly reflect the value orientation and cultural connotation of the Olympic ideal.

According to the Olympic Charter, the property rights of Olympic symbols, Olympic flags, Olympic motto and Olympic anthem belong to the exclusive rights of the International Olympic Committee. The IOC may take all appropriate measures to protect Olympic symbols, flags, mottos and songs at home and abroad according to law.

Nowadays, the most popular symbol is the Olympic rings. With the development of the Olympic Movement, it has become an image representative of the Olympic spirit and culture. Where the five rings "turn", the Olympic movement will take root and sprout.

Speaking of the origin of the five rings, there is an interesting story. 1936 1 1 The torch relay was held for the first time in Berlin Olympic Games. The torch relay route starts from Olympia, leaves northern Greece, crosses Austria along the Danube, and finally enters Germany. In order to set off this symbolic activity, Carl Dim, chairman of the Olympic Organizing Committee, and his colleagues arranged the passing ancient Greek ruins almost completely according to the scene of the ancient Olympic Games.

A special ceremony will be held when the torch arrives at the ancient sports ground in Panacas Mountain, Delphi. At this time, Tim had a whim, and designed and carved the five rings of the modern Olympic Movement on the four sides of a rectangular stone about 3 feet high, and put them on the starting line of the ancient sports ground. After the ceremony, the torch continued northward, but this stone as a prop was left in the ancient sports ground.

Because few people know the true identity of this stone engraved with five rings (later called "dim stone"), it has been regarded as "the remains of the ancient Olympic Games with a history of 3,000 years" for a long time. It was not until the 1960s that Greek officials in Delphi pointed out this mistake. 1972 In May, this fake cultural relic was sent to another place in Delphi-the entrance of Rome Square.

In fact, the five-ring symbol of the modern Olympic movement comes from Coubertin, the founder of the modern Olympic Games. Coubertin thought that the Olympic movement should have its own logo, and this idea lingered in his mind for a long time. 19 13, he finally conceived and designed the five-ring logo and the Olympic flag printed with five rings on a white background, and planned to launch this logo on the occasion of the 20th anniversary of the establishment of the International Olympic Committee.

1965438+On June 23, 2004 15-23, the International Olympic Committee held a congress at the Sorbonne College in Paris, France, to celebrate the 20th anniversary of the founding of the International Olympic Committee. At the commemorative meeting, Coubertin took out his five-ring logo and a flag printed with the five rings for everyone to show, and suggested that they should be used as symbols of the Olympic Movement. After listening to Coubertin's explanation of the five-ring symbol, the meeting decided to use the Olympic rings and the Olympic flag as the Olympic symbols.

The Olympic five-ring symbol is made up of five Olympic rings nested from left to right, which can be monochrome, blue, yellow, black, green and red. The original explanation was that the five colors represented the colors of national flags, and later the five rings with different colors were interpreted as symbols of the five continents.

The Olympic flag is 3 meters long and 2 meters wide with a white background, which symbolizes purity. Blue, yellow, black, green and red are interlocking. 19 14, the Olympic flag was raised for the first time at the Olympic Games held in Paris. 1920, the Olympic flag flew for the first time at the Summer Olympic Stadium in Antwerp. After this Olympic Games, the Belgian Olympic Committee presented the same national flag to the International Olympic Committee, which was hung during the Olympic Games and then customized. At the opening ceremonies of previous Olympic Games, the flag was handed over by the last host city and kept by the host city. During the competition, only substitutes were hung in the main stadium. 1952, Oslo presented the flag of the International Olympic Committee for the Winter Olympics, which was handed over, preserved and used in the same way as the Summer Olympics.

1June, 979, the International Olympic Committee officially announced the meaning of the Olympic flag and the five rings: according to the Olympic Charter, the meaning of the Olympic flag and the five rings is: symbolizing the unity of the five continents and the athletes from all over the world gathering at the Olympic Games in a fair and frank competition and friendly spirit.

The origin of the Olympic Games

Ancient Greece was a mythical kingdom. Beautiful fairy tales and bizarre folk stories cast a mysterious color on the origin of the ancient Olympic Games. Legend: The ancient Olympic Games was a regular sports activity to worship Zeus. Another legend is related to Hercules, the son of Zeus. Heracles is known as "Hercules" because of its great strength. He finished the task that ordinary people couldn't finish in Elis city-state, and cleaned the king's cowshed full of cow dung in less than half a day, but the king didn't want to honor his promise of giving away 300 cows, so Herakler drove the king away in a fit of pique. To celebrate his victory, he held a sports meeting at the Olympic Games.

The most popular story about the origin of the ancient Olympic Games is Pelops's marriage. In order to choose a husband who is both civil and military for his daughter, Elis, the king of ancient Greece, proposed that the candidate must compete with himself in the chariot. In the competition, 13 youths were killed by the king's spear, 14 youths were Pelops, the grandson of Zeus and the sweetheart of the princess. Encouraged by love, he bravely accepted the king's challenge and finally won with wisdom. To celebrate this victory, Pelops and the princess held a grand wedding in front of the temple of Zeus in Olympia. At the meeting, chariots, gladiators and other competitions were arranged. This was the original ancient Olympic Games, and Pelops became the legendary founder of the ancient Olympic Games.

The origin of the Olympic Games is actually closely related to the social situation in ancient Greece. In the 9th-8th century BC, the Greek clan society gradually disintegrated, the slave society of city-state system gradually formed, and more than 200 city-states were established. City-states are fragmented, there is no unified monarch, and wars between city-states continue. In order to cope with the war, every city-state actively trains its own soldiers. The children of the Spartan city-state were raised by the state from the age of seven, engaged in sports and military training, and lived a military life. War needs soldiers, soldiers need strong bodies, and sports is a powerful means to train soldiers who can fight. The war promoted the development of Greek sports, and the events of the ancient Olympic Games also had obvious military brand. The people are disgusted with the continuous war and generally long for a peaceful environment to recuperate. Later, the King of Sparta and the King of Elis signed the "Holy Truce Month" treaty. As a result, preparing for military training and sports competitions has gradually become a game of peace and friendship.

In 776 BC, the Greeks stipulated that a sports meeting should be held in Olympia every four years. During the sports meeting, all Greek athletes and nearby citizens gathered in Olympia, a scenic town in southern Greece. In 776 BC, the first Olympic Games was held here, and Dorian Klose won the 192.27 meter sprint. He became the first winner of the first event in the International Olympic Games.

Later, the scale of the ancient Greek Games gradually expanded and became a grand event to show the national spirit. The winner of the competition can get a wreath of laurel, wild olive and palm. From 776 BC to 394 AD, after 1 170 years, * * * held the 293rd ancient Olympic Games. It was banned by the Roman emperor in 394 AD.

1875 ~ 188 1 year, Kutius in Germany excavated cultural relics in Olympic sites, which aroused the interest of the whole world. Therefore, Pierre De Coubertin, a French educator, believes that it is of great significance to restore the tradition of the ancient Greek Olympic Games to promote the development of international sports. Under his advocacy and active running, the first international sports conference was held in Paris in June 1894. The International Sports Congress decided to call the world-wide comprehensive games the Olympic Games, and held the first modern Olympic Games in Athens, once every four years, in turn in all member countries.

By 2004, 28 Olympic Games had been held. In 2008, the 29th session will be held in Beijing, China.

The evolution of the Olympic Games, called competitive games in ancient times, originated in ancient Greece and was named after being held in Olympia. The ancient Greeks had a tradition of loving sports. Ancient Greece was divided into many city states. In order to offer sacrifices to gods, city-states often hold sports meetings, which are strongly religious. During the Games, a sacred truce was implemented, which facilitated citizens' free communication and brought short-term peace to the endless war between the city-states, so it was widely welcomed. Among many competitions, the largest and longest-lasting one is the one held in Olympia to worship Zeus, the father of the gods, which is now called the ancient Olympic Games.

The first ancient Olympic Games was held in 776 BC. After that, it was held every four years. Until 393 AD, the Christian Roman Emperor Theodosius I banned all pagan activities and announced the abolition of the ancient Olympic Games, which lasted 1 169 years and was held for 293 times. Decades later, Theodosius II burned the temple of Zeus, and later floods and earthquakes buried the remains of the ancient Olympic Games.

/kloc-in the middle of the 0/8th century, the ruins of the ancient Olympic Games were rediscovered by archaeologists. With the development of modern sports, people are eager to restore the Olympic Games. From 1859 to 1889, the Greeks held four Olympic Games. 1888, Baron P de Coubertin of France put forward the proposal of restoring the Olympic Games, and visited all European countries in 1892. After two years of operation and raising funds, an international sports conference was held in Paris, France in June, 1894. On June 23rd, the International Olympic Committee was established. From then on, June 23rd was called Olympic Day. The meeting also decided that the first modern Olympic Games will be held in Athens, Greece from April 6, 1996 to April 5, 1996 15, and will be held in major cities on five continents every four years thereafter. If the sports meeting cannot be held for some reason, the number of Olympic Games will still be counted.

The first Olympic Charter initiated and formulated by Coubertin was adopted at the Paris International Conference in June 1894. It involves the basic purposes, principles and other related matters of the Olympic Movement. 192 1 The Olympic Games in Lausanne formulated the Olympic Law, including the Olympic Charter, the Constitution of the International Olympic Committee, the Rules and Protocols of the Olympic Games, the General Rules for Hosting the Olympic Games and the Rules of the Olympic Parliament. Over the past decades, the Olympic Law has been revised and supplemented many times, but the basic principles and spirit formulated by Coubertin have not changed.

1900, at the second Olympic Games held in Paris, 1 1 women broke the ban and appeared on the sports ground. After several arguments, the International Olympic Committee finally passed the resolution to allow women to participate in the Olympic Games at the 22nd meeting of 1924. Since then, women's events have become an indispensable part of the Olympic Games, and more and more female athletes have participated in it.

With the development of the Olympic Movement, the International Olympic Committee has formulated many regulations. 19 13, according to Coubertin's idea, the International Olympic Committee designed the Olympic flag with a boundless white background and five interlocking rings in the middle. The colors of the five rings are sky blue, yellow, black, green and red. The five rings symbolize the unity of the five continents, and athletes from all over the world gather in the Olympic Games with fair and frank competition and friendly spirit. 19 14 to celebrate the 20th anniversary of the restoration of the modern Olympic movement, the Olympic flag was used for the first time in the Olympic Games held in Paris. 1920 during the Antwerp Olympic games, the first five-ring flag was raised in the stadium. Since then, the flag handover ceremony and flag-raising ceremony have been held in the opening ceremonies of previous Olympic Games. In order to publicize the Olympic spirit and encourage athletes, Coubertin proposed in 19 13 and was approved by the International Olympic Committee, taking "swifter, higher and stronger" as the Olympic motto. 1908 When the London Olympic Games was held, the Archbishop of Pennsylvania in the United States said in his sermon at the religious ceremony of the Olympic Games held in St. Paul's Cathedral that "it is important to participate in the Olympic Games, not to win". Coubertin appreciated this sentence very much and quoted it many times in the future. Therefore, many people think that this sentence should become an Olympic ideal. Athletes' oath will be implemented from the 7th Olympic Games of 1920. 1968 Olympic Games added the oath of referee. At the 1936 1 1 Olympic Games, the IOC officially stipulated that the Olympic flame symbolizing light, friendship and unity should be lit at the main venue. Since then, this activity has become one of the indispensable ceremonies for the opening ceremony of each Olympic Games. Before the Olympic Games, the torch was lit by the sunlight gathered by concave mirror near the temple of the Greek goddess Hera (the wife of Zeus) in Olympia, and then carried on the torch relay and arrived in the host city the day before the opening of the Olympic Games. At the opening ceremony, the athletes of the host country lit the flame on the tower with the last stick, and the flame went out at the closing ceremony.

Olympic torch

1. Ancient Torch Relay

As a sacred symbol, the history of fire can be traced back to prehistoric times. In Greek history, fire represents creation, rebirth and light. In Greek mythology, fire is a sacred symbol of hephaestus and a gift that Prometheus stole from Zeus.

In the center of every ancient Greek city-state, there is an altar burning with eternal flame, and every family in the city-state also has eternal flame to worship the kitchen goddess Hestia. In ancient Greece, the torch relay was originally held at night as a religious ceremony. Soon after, it gradually evolved into a group competitive sport that first appeared among teenagers, and eventually evolved into one of the most popular sports in ancient Greece.

There is an altar dedicated to Hestia in the assembly hall of ancient Olympia. The sacred flame of the altar is lit by a concave disk or a mirror that focuses sunlight. The flame will never go out. The process of collecting the flame is very simple, but it can leave a deep impression on people. The concave smooth plane can focus the sunlight on the focus, and the priestess can extend the torch to the focus and light it.

The ancient Greeks held a torch relay competition, and the participants had to hold the torch until the end. The religious ceremony of the torch relay in ancient Greece was held every four years to commemorate the goddess Athena. The power of the torch is transmitted by the torchbearer in the fastest way. The starting point of the torch relay is the altar of Prometheus, and the end point is the altar of Athena, the goddess of the Acropolis in ancient Athens. At that time, the torch relay was completed by 40 young people from 10 Athens tribe, and the whole distance was1* * 2.5 kilometers.

The lighting ceremony of the modern Olympic flame is the same as that of ancient Greece. A priestess in Olympia also lit the torch and read the oath of the athletes. Then the Olympic flame will be awarded to the first torchbearer, which also marks the official start of the torch relay. Today, the power of the Olympic torch relay still touches the hearts of thousands of people in Qian Qian.

2. Olympic torch relay and its revival

The modern Olympic torch relay is a non-competition event, and its form is the same as that of the ancient Greek torch relay. It has become an important activity to celebrate the opening of the Olympic Games. At the Stockholm Olympic Games held on June 27th 19 12, Coubertin, the founder of the modern Olympic Movement, pointed out in his prophetic speech: "From now on, torchbearers will accept the sacred mission of the torch and relay the Olympic flame. Let the Olympic flame be passed on to each other in the hands of the younger generation, so that young people all over the world are always ready to spread the Olympic flame all over the world. "

As a part of celebrating the opening ceremony of the Olympic Games, the revival of the torch relay of the modern Olympic Games began at the Berlin Olympic Games in 1936, and the torch relay will be held in every summer Olympic Games thereafter. At that time, the torch relay of Berlin Olympic Games was carried out by the first torchbearer! Constantine Kondylis came to Berlin Olympic Stadium from Olympia. The sacred power of the Olympic flame has been recognized by the world, and it has also become a prelude to the opening of the Olympic Games.

Olympic anthem

1958 At the 55th plenary meeting held in Tokyo, the IOC finally decided to use the Olympic anthem as the Olympic anthem. Its music score is kept in ioc headquarters. Since then, this melodious ancient Greek music can be heard at the opening and closing ceremonies of every Olympic Games. The lyrics of this song are as follows:

Ancient immortal gods,

Beautiful, great and upright father.

Pray for arrival to appear,

Let eye-catching heroes appear in the sky of this earth,

As a witness to your glory.

Please light up the running, wrestling and throwing events.

These all-out noble competitions.

Present the winner with a crown made of olive branches,

Create a steel torso.

Valleys, mountains and oceans shine with you,

Like a temple built of colored rocks.

This huge temple,

People from all over the world came to worship,

Ah! Immortal ancient gods.

the athletes march in

According to the regulations, all national Olympic committees recognized by the International Olympic Committee can send sports teams to participate in the Olympic Games. The Olympic Games is the largest and most influential comprehensive sports meeting in the world. Under normal circumstances, the president of the International Olympic Committee and the capital of the host country attend the opening and closing ceremonies of the conference and make speeches at the conference. The head of the host country opened the meeting. Countries (or regions) that participated in the Olympic Games in the past were invited by the host country, which was decided at the Seoul meeting of the IOC Executive Committee in September 1986, and was later invited by the IOC.

According to the constitution of the International Olympic Committee, the Olympic Games belong to the patent of the International Olympic Committee. According to the organizational capacity and financial resources of the city applying for hosting the next Olympic Games, all members of the IOC vote to decide the host city of the next Olympic Games, and the IOC signs the necessary contracts with the city that has won the right to host the next Olympic Games. The host city must abide by the constitution and instructions of the International Olympic Committee, generally build stadiums that meet the standards, and provide special accommodation for athletes. These houses are usually called the Olympic Village.

the Olympic Games

Olympic events include:

Tracking and archiving; track and filed; athletics

basketball

soccer

volleyball

Swimming (including diving, water polo and synchronized swimming)

hockey

gymnastics

weightlifting

Bicycle; Bicycle exercise

wrestling

judo

shoot

shoot an arrow

enclosure

Rowing

rowboat

Sailing board

equestrian

boxing

handball

Modern pentathlon

tennis

Table tennis, etc.

In addition to official events, the IOC also authorized the host country to list 1 ~ 3 non-Olympic official events popular in its own country as exhibition events of this Olympic Games, and other countries can also send teams to participate. As an informal competition, the winner will not be awarded a medal.

Reward: The International Olympic Committee emphasizes that competition is only a competition between individuals and teams, not a contest of sports strength between countries. The International Olympic Committee only announced the results of the competition, and no country won the prize. However, the host country, the press and national Olympic committees all make statistics in this respect and make comprehensive rankings according to medals or scores. In terms of rewards, we also pay attention to spirit and reputation. The International Olympic Committee believes that spiritual reward is one of the important factors of the Olympic spirit. The top three athletes who win in the Olympic Games will only be awarded gold, silver and bronze medals, and no material rewards will be given.

The ancient Olympic Games has a history of 1200 years since it was held in Olympia, Greece in 776 BC. It was originally a religious ceremony and gradually evolved into a sports activity. At that time, there were five events (including discus, javelin, long jump, running and wrestling), running, boxing, wrestling, boxing wrestling (a mixed sport of boxing and wrestling), carriage race and horse riding. The ancient Olympic Games reflected people's desire for peace. During the Olympic Games, the warring sides would have a truce, but the ancient Olympic Games were finally stopped because of the war.

The revival of the Olympic Games began at 1896. Thanks to the efforts of the founder of the Olympic Games, Coubertin, the first modern Olympic Games was held in Athens, Greece, with 245 athletes from 14 countries participating. Since then, the number of participating athletes, participating countries and participating events has increased day by day. In the 2000 Sydney Olympic Games in Australia, more than 65,438+000,000 athletes from 65,438+099 countries participated in the competition. As the largest gathering in the world, the spirit of "Faster, Higher and Stronger" put forward by the Olympic Games embodies the spirit of modern people's pursuit of a happy life.

Winter sports first joined the Olympic Games in 1908, when it was figure skating. Ice hockey increased from 1920. 1924, the Winter Olympic Games was held in Nice, Tchami for the first time. Because 1994, the Winter Olympics is scheduled to be held in the same year as the Summer Olympics, so the current Olympic Games are held every two years, and the Winter Olympics and the Summer Olympics are held alternately.

Events of the ancient Olympic Games

The competitive events of the ancient Olympic Games were mainly track and field, and then wrestling, pentathlon, boxing, horse racing, gladiator, chariot racing and armed racing were gradually added. , up to 23 events. Most sports are the rudiments of modern sports, with simple rules and great randomness. Some sports, such as the most distinctive gladiator in ancient Greek sports, have disappeared in modern sports.

The earliest event of the site run ancient Olympic Games was the only event from 1 to 13, with a distance of 192.27 meters, which is exactly the length of the sports ground. Later, there was a middle-long distance race, and the distance was a multiple of 192.27 meters. At that time, there was no lane separation sign on the runway, and the boundary of the sports ground was paved with stones, which was the starting line. There are various starting positions, and it is only a matter of time before the race. The ancient Greeks liked running. On the rock wall of Alphonse River in Olympia, there is an ancient Greek proverb: "If you want to be smart, run!" If you want to be strong, run! If you want to be healthy, run! "Pentathlon is a comprehensive event in the sports meeting, which is very different from modern track and field all-around sports. For example, the ancient pentathlon was accompanied by a flute, and the athletes passed by with dumbbells. The discus is actually a stone cake, and the javelin was a practical weapon at that time. The first four events were held in the arena and wrestling was held next to the temple. A wrestler must be the champion of the first four events, and wrestling must win the first place to become a champion of five events. In the ancient Olympic Games, Spartans always dominated this event, and almost won all previous championships.

Gladiator is a popular sport combining boxing and wrestling in ancient Greece. The competition is very fierce and often attracts many spectators.

In the ancient Olympic Games, the youth event was only established in the 37th session, and the age limit was not clear. These events are also limited to track running, wrestling, pentathlon, boxing and gladiator, but they are not lasting.

In addition, there are wonderful literary and artistic competitions, and the participants are poets, writers, artists and speakers. The literary competition began at the 84th ancient Olympic Games in 444 BC. Grodotte, then known as the "father of history" in Greece, read out some chapters in his masterpiece History and praised the Greek soldiers who defeated the Persian army in the Battle of Marathon Valley in 490 BC, and finally won the first literary competition. Art competitions also have prizes, even higher than sports competitions. For example, in the Olympic Games after Macedonia conquered Greece in 338 BC, all prizes belonging to sports competitions were awarded to poets.

The venue of previous Summer Olympic Games.

The year of the session.

1 Athens? Greece 1896

2 Paris? France 1900

3 st Louis? USA 1904

4 London? UK 1908

5 Stockholm? Sweden 19 12

6 Berlin? Germany 19 16 (because it was not done in World War I)

7 Antwerp? Belgium 1920

8 Paris? France 1924

9 Amsterdam? Netherlands 1928

10 Los Angeles? USA 1932

1 1 Berlin? Germany 1936

12 Helsinki? Finland 1940 (because it was not done in World War II)

13 London? UK 1944 (because it was not done in World War II)

14 London? UK 1948

15 Helsinki? Finland 1952

16 Melbourne? Australia 1956

17 Rome? Italy 1960

18 Tokyo? Japan 1964

19 Mexico city? Mexico 1968

20 Munich? Former West Germany 1972

2 1 Montreal? Canada 1976

22 Moscow? The former Soviet Union 1980

23 Los Angeles? USA 1984

24 Seoul? Korea 1988

25 Barcelona? Spain 1992

Atlanta 26? USA 1996

27 Sydney? Australia 2000

28 Athens? Greece 2004

29 China Beijing 2008

30 London, UK, 20 12

The venue of previous Winter Olympic Games

The year of the session.

French Schamoni Road 1, zip code 1924.

Second St Moritz Street in Switzerland 1928

Third, Lake Placid 1932, USA

The 4th German Grand Prix (Partenkirchen) 1936

No.5 St. Moritz Street, Switzerland, 1948

The 6th Oslo, Norway 1952

The 7th Italian Corthie Nathan Pezzo 1956

Eighth squaw valley 1960.

The 9th Innsbruck Austria 1964

10 Grenoble, France 1968

1 1 sapporo, Japan 1972

12 Innsbruck, Austria, 1976

13 Lake Placid, USA 1980

14 sarajevo, yugoslavia 1984

15 Calgary, Canada 1988

16 albertville, France 1992

Lillehammer 17, Norway 1994

18 Nagano, Japan 1998

19 th Salt Lake City, USA 2002

The 20th Turin, Italy in 2006

2 1 Vancouver, Canada 20 10

22nd Sochi, Russia 20 14

The venue of previous Paralympic Games

Next year's ranking

1 Rome (Italy)

No.2 1964 Tokyo (Japan)

Third Tel Aviv (Israel) 1968

The 4th session 1972 Heidelberg (former Federal Republic of Germany)

The 5th Toronto 1976 (Canada)

No.6 1980 Anam (Netherlands)

No.7 1984 Stoke mandeville (UK) new york (USA)

No.8 1988 Seoul (Korea)

No.9 1992 Barcelona (Spain)

Atlanta, USA 10th 1996

1 1 Sydney 2000 (Australia)

The 1st 12 2004 Greece (Athens)

The 3rd/kloc-0 2008 Beijing (China)

Olympic mascot

In the Olympic history, mascots first appeared in 1972 Munich Olympic Games. Since then, mascots have become the main part of the image characteristics of the first Olympic Games. Mascots, with their dynamic and unique images, embody the Olympic spirit, convey the hosting concept of this Olympic Games, convey the history, culture and humanistic spirit of the host city, and create a festive atmosphere for the Olympic Games. They are an important carrier to carry forward the Olympic spirit among the masses, especially among children, and are incomparable to other images in all Olympic identification projects.

The International Olympic Committee and the organizing committees of previous Olympic Games have high requirements on the design of mascots, and the appearance of mascots in each Olympic Games has attracted the attention of the world and become the highlight of this Olympic Games. In the development of Olympic mascots, the mascot design of each Olympic Games emphasizes innovation and individuality, and the process of mascot design and production has also become the process of promoting the Olympic Games.

Judging from the artistic form of mascots, before the 1992 Barcelona Olympic Games, most of the Olympic mascots were based on animal images with national characteristics, usually a species. After 1992, figures or completely virtual bodies appeared in the Olympic mascots, and the figures also changed. 1998 There are four mascots in Nagano Winter Olympics, three mascots in Sydney Olympics in 2000 and two mascots in Athens Olympics. No matter what form it takes, its basic creative core is conducive to expressing the theme of this Olympic Games, to expressing the unique regional characteristics, historical culture and humanistic characteristics of the host city, and to market development and protection.

Germany 1972 Valdi, the mascot of Munich Olympic Games.

Although the first Olympic mascot appeared in the 10 Winter Olympics in Grennet, France in 1968, people used to call10 the painted dog "Valdi" of Munich Olympic Games in 1972 as the first Olympic mascot in history.

1976 Amik, the mascot of the Montreal Olympic Games.

Amik means beaver in Canadian Indian.

Misa, 1980 Mascot of Moscow Olympic Games

Misa, Misa, 1980 Mascot of Moscow Summer Olympics. Designed by Victor Chezkov, a famous illustrator of children's books in the Soviet Union.

Sam, 1984 The mascot of the Los Angeles Olympic Games.

Designed by Disney Company. With the American Stars and Stripes as the background, the cartoon eagle wears the costume representing the American legend "Uncle Sam", which is full of American flavor, and the commercial application of mascots begins from this time.

Korea 1988 Hodori, the mascot of Seoul Olympic Games.

1988 Seoul mascot Hodori. "Hodori" is designed as a friendly animal, which represents the tradition of Korean hospitality. The name of the mascot was collected by the society, and Hodori was selected from 2295 suggestions. "Ho" is a Korean tiger, and "Dori" is the Korean name of a little boy.

1992 Kobe Bryant, mascot of Barcelona Olympic Games, Spain.

Designed by Spanish cartoonist Zavir Marisk. At first, it was not generally accepted, but with the progress of the Olympic Games, Kobe became popular and was loved by Spaniards and the whole world. This is the first time that the Olympic Games has used abstract cartoon shapes. From one direction, it seems to be smiling, from another angle, it seems to be smelling something with its nose, which is very popular with children. /ca & gt；