First of all, there are several points worth noting:

Pay attention to the earthquake: in recent years, the earthquake has appeared every year in the national volume, but the assessment of this part has changed obviously. This change embodies several characteristics: from static investigation to dynamic investigation, more attention is paid to students' understanding and application ability of knowledge; The change from the whole to the part, that is, the presentation materials are not presented in a complete light map, but pay attention to the presentation of local and subtle information, and examine students' imagination and ability to use knowledge; The change from surface to line to point is mainly concentrated in the tangent point and intersection point (the tangent point and intersection point of the termination line and latitude circle, and the intersection point of the termination line and meridian) and the spatial motion change law of these points; From lighting diagram to simulation diagram, students are no longer familiar with the graphics as the background of the proposition, but abstract a variant schema from books to investigate. We should pay close attention to the conversion between words and graphics, and express the given graphics or words in a familiar way to help solve the problem.

When encountering the variation of illumination map, we should pay more attention, remember to supplement and restore the variation map as much as possible, and strive to realize Tu Tu transformation, graphic transformation or graphic transformation, so as to turn the unfamiliar into the familiar, and many problems will not be difficult to solve.

Pay attention to the climate: meteorology and climate are another favorite points of the college entrance examination. The changes of meteorological phenomena and climatic factors should be analyzed from the perspective of causes. Any phenomenon must have a cause, and the influencing factors should be considered from the perspective of whether the phenomenon has a zonal law. The influence factors of zonal regularity are mainly analyzed from the perspective of solar radiation and atmospheric circulation, while non-zonal phenomena are mostly caused by ground conditions, and topographic factors are important non-zonal factors. Some phenomena need to find the basis for answering questions from given materials, rather than relying solely on memory.

For example, the cause of the temperate maritime climate is generally said to be "influenced by the westerly warm current", but it should be noted that this mainly refers to the temperate maritime climate in the northern hemisphere; The temperate maritime climate in the southern hemisphere is mainly influenced by the west wind, and some areas should consider the influence of topography, such as the temperate maritime climate in southern South America. It is an important feature of college entrance examination to enlarge and inspect some small knowledge, such as thermal cycle, such as weather system, etc. If it is not difficult to investigate alone, proposers often put this kind of small knowledge into the big problem-solving background, such as investigating atmospheric environmental problems, which may be embedded in thermal circulation, anticyclone, frontal inversion, etc., and it is often difficult to find the problem-solving point (or score point).

Pay attention to the problem of man and land: the relationship between man and land is the core problem of geography, and the intensification of the contradiction between man and land will inevitably bring many environmental problems. We should pay attention to such problems from the causes (natural causes, man-made causes) and hazards (to human production and life, biology and so on). ), as well as countermeasures (from the legal level, awareness level, measures level-looking for reasons, especially pay attention to the establishment of emergency plans and early warning systems). To realize the harmonious development between man and land, we should find the basis for answering questions from the connotation of sustainable development (focusing on ecological sustainable development-ecological protection and prevention of environmental pollution, economic sustainable development-circular economy-ecological agriculture and clean production, industrial structure adjustment, industrial upgrading, regional coordination, social sustainable development-employment, labor shortage and social stability). The analysis of resource problems is similar to the analysis of environmental problems, and attention should be paid to the causes of resource problems (natural and man-made; Time and space), impact (production, living and ecological environment-especially forest and water), countermeasures (open source and throttling, interregional coordination, etc.). ).

Pay attention to location analysis and inter-regional coordination: location thought is the core idea of human geography in high school, location factor is the key to location analysis, the two meanings of location should be clear, the essence of location factor is the influencing factor, and the relationship between various elements and core things in a certain area should be emphasized. Location thought should pay attention to the comparative analysis and comprehensive analysis of location, the utilization and transformation of location factors and the development and change of location factors. There are mainly two kinds of problems. One focuses on the analysis of location factors and establishes the location thought theoretically. The other focuses on analyzing the influence of location factors and their development on regional development, and comparing the influence of location factors on their respective regional development. For example, the industrialization and urbanization in the Pearl River Delta, the agricultural development and industrial transfer in the Northeast are all location analysis in essence, and all human activities are closely related to geographical and environmental factors. Therefore, we should pay attention to location thinking, location analysis methods and specific cases. For some human activities (unfamiliar to them), first classify them as industrial production or agricultural production, and then further analyze the influencing factors. For example, Jiangsu Volume 2007 requires that the favorable natural factors of wind power generation in Jiangsu be analyzed according to the given data. First of all, it is necessary to determine that wind power generation is an industrial mining industry, and then it is not difficult to get the correct answer according to the analysis of natural factors affecting industrial production areas, but in fact, many candidates can only answer that wind energy resources are abundant, but they turn a blind eye to the wide spread of materials. In the process of regional development, regional coordinated development is a problem that must be considered in modern production. Regional coordination mainly includes industrial transfer and cross-regional allocation of resources. The regional contact modes of production activities mainly include production cooperation, transportation, post and telecommunications, business contact, science and technology and information contact.

Concerned about Taiwan Province Province: The general election in Taiwan Province Province and the three direct links between the two sides of the strait have opened a new chapter in the relationship between Taiwan Province Province and the mainland, and the issue of Taiwan Province Province has once again become the focus of Chinese people's attention. Taiwan Province Province and its related issues have become the focus of current affairs geography in 2009 college entrance examination. A topographic map with latitude and longitude lines can provide rich species and natural geographical features of Bao Dao. The relationship between Bao Dao and the mainland should focus on the establishment of Minnan Economic Zone, and the location analysis should be the focus. Attention should be paid to the influence of the improvement of cross-strait relations on the sustainable development of Taiwan Province Province.

Second, talk about the exam:

Examination-oriented psychology: the story of miss. In the story, Hou Yi's arrow is always empty, but one day, Wang Xia pointed to an animal skin target one foot square and one inch square and said to him, "Please shoot! If you hit it, you will be rewarded with 10 thousand yuan. If you don't hit it, you will cut off the fief of your thousand households. " Hou Yi listened, but didn't hear clearly. In fact, the college entrance examination is also like Houyi's archery. If you suffer from loss, it is easy to backfire. During the college entrance examination, we should use Taoist inaction to calm our mood. In fact, a person's value can not be measured simply by one or two exams. As the saying goes, "there is no name on the list, and there is a road under your feet", so you don't have to worry about what you failed or failed in the exam, just take the exam step by step.

Mentality determines success or failure, and details determine success or failure. We must meet the last battle of middle school with a good attitude.

1. I can do it, I can do it. After reviewing for so long, I have mastered everything I need. If not, I won't take the college entrance examination.

I can, I'm sure I can. The problems have been solved and the methods have been mastered. It is more than enough to take the exam calmly. Meet the exam with a fearless and omnipotent mind. Can do it, others may not; Can't do it, and no one else can do it. Believe in yourself, self-confidence affects mentality, and mentality determines success or failure.

(A), before the exam-to overcome test anxiety

(1) Challenge negative evaluation. Seriously analyze your thoughts, and challenge and remove these negative comments by asking yourself and answering them.

(2) relax desensitization. It is precisely because I am too sensitive to exams and think too much that I am anxious about exams. Methods: Sit quietly for two minutes to make breathing even. The whole body muscles start from the feet, first tense (10 second)-relax, practice alternately, and gradually reach the head (face).

(3) If there is not enough time, you can do "breathing and relaxing". Take a deep breath and imagine that your lung is an inflated balloon, hold it for 6-7 seconds, and then exhale slowly from your mouth. Do 5-6 in a row.

(2) Test-ups and downs

1. Like nobody's business. Have a calm mind to take the exam and regard the exam as a good opportunity to show yourself. Constantly eliminate the tension caused by difficult problems, do positive thinking, calmly analyze, accumulate over time, and practice the psychological kung fu of entering and leaving the no-man's land.

2. Sweating like rain, I am utterly confused. Can't adapt to the serious and tense atmosphere in the examination room and several problems that can't be done. At this point, don't think about it. Do "breathe and relax", and further give psychological hints: "Everyone is equal before the exam, I won't, others may not be able to do it." "It doesn't matter if this problem can't be done. You can figure it out later."

3. "four first, four later, one quick and one slow": do simple questions first, then do difficult ones; Do familiar questions first, and then do unfamiliar questions; Do high-scoring questions first, and then do low-scoring questions; Do the same type of questions first, and then do different types of questions. Slow in examining questions, fast in doing them.

4. Pay attention to the first choice. Generally speaking, the accuracy of the first answer is higher. Because at this time, the thinking is clearest and the interference is the least. Once in doubt, it will inevitably be affected by the interference clause, and it will become more and more difficult to choose.

5. Recognize the types of questions and prescribe the right medicine. Clarify the requirements of the topic (short answer questions and analysis and explanation questions), leaving no blank papers. It reflects a person's psychological quality when facing difficulties. Keep the paper roll clean and tidy. As the saying goes, "delicious food can't be put on a sloppy plate."

(3) After the exam-don't be busy answering questions.

Third, test-taking skills

(A), grasp the time

1. First of all, there is enough time to answer questions in the exam, so don't be afraid of being too late. As long as you relax and use your time effectively with a good attitude. Quietly say to yourself before the exam: enough, it's too late. Don't be afraid of lack of time and anxiety, which will lead to losing points and not getting points for simple questions. Believe in yourself and have enough time to cope with the exam.

2. Secondly, allocate time reasonably. Generally speaking, geography test questions are relatively easy to grade. When browsing the test paper 5 minutes before the exam, quickly browse the whole test paper for printing problems and missing pages, and then judge the difficulty of the topic. Do multiple-choice questions first after the exam, and try not to lose points.

Third, don't waste time invisibly. For example, you did something you shouldn't have done, wrote something you didn't want to write, and drew something you didn't need to draw. These are all hidden wastes of time. The solution is to look at the questions carefully and ask clearly before answering.

Finally, be sure to leave time to check the answer. What is the main inspection? First, whether there is any mistake in the name and test number of the test answer sheet. Second, the point is whether the multiple-choice question is drawn wrong. This is a necessary step. The third is to check whether there are any missing questions or pictures. The fourth is to check whether the drawing is done as required. Legend symbol, line type (curve, broken line), chart type (histogram, fan chart), whether the drawing is complete, whether there are legend symbols, etc. The fifth is to check whether you have answered the questions in the answer area. This step must also be done, otherwise it will be written in vain.

(2), the first question.

Doing a topic is to fight with the proposer. Being able to prevent and avoid traps is success. For the exam, it is the use of ingenuity, just like the endgame of a chess game. There are not many ways to solve the game. You must fully consider the purpose of each sub in the whole chess game, so the examination of questions becomes the key to solving problems. Our slogan is: success is success if you don't make mistakes in the examination. Examination of questions is the most important and crucial, and examination of questions determines success or failure.

Instructions: Don't be afraid of trouble and waste time. Draw a line and circle the key information on the test paper with the pen in your hand to remind yourself not to fall into the trap.

1. Generally speaking, the requirements of multiple-choice questions will not change, nor will the description of scoring criteria, which can be ignored.

When reviewing the questions, whether it is multiple-choice questions or pictures, you should read them word for word. When looking at pictures and tables, you must look at the name (central theme), legend symbols and chart information of the chart, and you must never leave them out.

3. Complete access to information. Be comprehensive and don't leave anything out.

4. Interpret the information seriously, carefully and deeply, and don't misread the information and the requirements of the topic.

(C), a clear direction

Thinking after the exam: ① What? That is, clear test sites; ② Where is it? Look for (hownet) in memory warehouses and bookshelves; (3) How to elaborate? Memories of how this book was expounded and described; 4 how to express it? Knowledge transfer, seamless docking, and expression according to requirements and norms.

(4), thinking should be rigorous.

After examining the questions, we should actively carry out geographical thinking activities, and how to apply geographical principles and laws to make our thinking rigorous and thoughtful. Conditions and influences must be divided into favorable and unfavorable aspects; To analyze the reasons, we must start with natural reasons and man-made reasons (socio-economic reasons). The influence of urbanization on geographical environment should be analyzed from two aspects: natural geographical environment and human geographical environment; We must analyze the influence of industrial transfer on geographical environment. The influence of population migration should be divided into the influence on the place of immigration and the place of emigration. Meaning and positive meaning are generally analyzed from favorable aspects. In addition, if the topic only requires analysis from one aspect, it is not necessary to analyze it all, otherwise it will be a waste of time.

(5), regional positioning

Correct regional positioning is the premise and key to solve the problem correctly. Once the regional positioning is wrong, the problem is completely lost and useless. Therefore, if there is a problem that requires regional positioning, don't worry, and make full use of all the information given by the problem to judge the regional position.

Method Guidance: What is the basis of regional positioning? One is latitude and longitude, which is common, so the continents, oceans, islands, countries (regions), topographic regions, topographic profiles, rivers, lakes, cities, industrial areas and agricultural areas that the main latitude and longitude lines pass through should be clear. The second is to locate the region according to the natural geographical characteristics, such as topographic relief, water system shape, distribution and replacement of natural zones, position of wind zones in pressure zones, climate distribution and vegetation distribution. Thirdly, regional positioning is carried out according to the characteristics of human geography such as population, nationality, customs, national outline, economic development level and industrial structure. Thirdly, regional positioning is the information given according to the topic, such as river flow direction, prevailing wind direction, ocean current flow direction, geological structure, climate element distribution, isoline distribution law and so on.

(6), coil surface requirements

1. The surface of the coil is clean, which is the most basic requirement;

2. Write correctly and clearly;

3. Answer the questions in the prescribed answer area, otherwise it will be useless;

4. The way of expression is to think about the main points according to the score, subdivide them as much as possible, and express them clearly with semicolons or symbols such as 1234;

5. Draw with pencil first, then bold or use black strokes;

6. The language should be concise and the answer should be to the point;

7. Language expression should be standardized and professional terms should be used as much as possible. If you indicate the direction, you can't use up and down, but use east, west, north and south.

Method guidance: when answering the main points, you can draw up the main points on the draft paper first, and then write out the expression. This will make you think more closely, and you won't miss it, and you won't use rubber to decorate it too much.

Fourth, there are different ways to ask and answer questions.

It is the most basic step to understand the meaning of the question with the most common mentality, read the chart clearly, and then find the keywords, restrictive words, time, place and geographical background involved in the question. Only by slowly reviewing the questions and writing accurately can we stay on topic, off topic and not miss the topic. Specific to various problems, there are different methods:

(1) multiple choice questions

1, geography multiple-choice exam strategy

⑴. "Open your eyes to the topic": Carefully examine the topic. In addition to browsing the topic and understanding the accident, we should pay special attention to the following two points: First, don't miss the inconspicuous contents in the text or graphics of the topic (such as pointing arrows and map scale). ); Second, pay special attention to the key words in the topic, which are often important conditions for analyzing and solving problems (such as natural conditions, social conditions, evaluation ...). The topic should be "three trials", that is, the materials of the first trial (extension), the stem of the second trial (key words) and the options of the third trial (find out the reasonable and correct options related to the materials and stem).

(2) Multiple choice group-"Catch the thief first and catch the king first": The characteristic of geographical selection is that there are many questions in a picture, and this group of questions is related. After reading each small question in the group, pay attention to the hints before and after each small question, and then do it calmly. Don't worry when the first question is difficult to draw a conclusion. We can skip this and do other questions first. Many times, we can get inspiration from other problems.

(3) Boldly use the "exclusion method".

(4) Keep calm, trust your own judgment and check carefully, but don't change your answer easily.

Generally speaking, there are three kinds of answers that can't be answered easily: ① the right answer at first sight; 2 absolute answer; A completely strange answer. Several cases of wrong options: (1) Causal inversion (2) Inconsistency (3) Absolute expression (4) Confusion of concepts (5) Wrong or incomplete expression (6) Overgeneralization, somewhat comprehensive (7) Irrelevant to the topic.

2. The general problem-solving steps and ideas of multiple-choice questions are as follows:

(1) Carefully read the trunk and options of the test questions, carefully analyze the stem of the test questions, and make clear the conditions for solving problems:

What explicit and "implicit" conditions does A provide?

B Find out "keywords" and "qualifiers" and eliminate interference information.

Determine the selected content, methods and requirements.

(2) Reminiscence, comparison and screening:

A associate geographical terms, concepts and principles related to this topic, as well as the names, distributions, characteristics and causal relationships of geographical things.

Find out the dominant factors and main control factors.

C Comprehensive analysis, comparison and elimination of "incorrect options".

③ Read the code clearly and select it accurately.

A be careful not to put the upper and lower questions in the wrong place. When B draws cards, the positions of A, B, C and D cannot be misplaced. Draw five questions.

3. Organize knowledge from different angles and deeply understand knowledge.

(1) combined with time changes, the geographical phenomena with seasonality and development changes were rearranged.

Earth movement-seasonal movement of direct sunlight-seasonal change-atmospheric movement-ocean current movement-seasonal characteristics of different climate types-hydrological characteristics-vegetation characteristics-production activities.

(2) Combining with the spatial distribution, the geographical things with spatial connection and causality are reorganized.

Distribution of continents and oceans-plate tectonics-topographic distribution-earthquake volcanic belt-geothermal resources-human activities.

Latitude position and land and sea position-climate-vegetation, soil-agricultural production-industrial production

Latitude position-climate-hydrological characteristics (seawater temperature, salinity)-inland river shipping

Geological process, rocks, geological structure-mineral resources-industrial production-population distribution-cities

(3) Combining with the location factors, the formation conditions of various humanistic elements are reorganized.

Agricultural foundation: production development-dense population-rich industrial raw materials-processing industry development-city formation.

(4) Various cases of reorganizing the relationship between man and land in combination with the coordinated development of man and land.

Human and land resources: (deforestation-soil erosion-returning farmland to forests); (Destroying grass for land reclamation-land desertification-returning farmland to grassland and building artificial grassland); (Overgrazing-land desertification-rotational grazing, fenced grazing, artificial grassland); (Oasis area-excessive logging, transitional water transfer in the middle and upper reaches-land desertification); (Arid and semi-arid areas-irrigated farmland-over-irrigation, flood irrigation-groundwater level rise-soil secondary salinization); (piedmont alluvial fan and inland alluvial fan-over-exploitation of groundwater at the top of fan-desertification of land at the bottom of fan); (Reclaiming land around the lake-reducing the lake surface-unbalanced regulation-flooding-returning farmland to the lake); (Cutting down wetlands-Reducing supervision-Ecological degradation-Establishing wetland reserves)

Human and mineral resources: (blind exploitation-resource waste-resource shortage-environmental problems-comprehensive management);

Human and water resources: (industrial production-sewage discharge-water pollution, soil pollution-water ecosystem destruction-comprehensive management); Agricultural production-using chemical fertilizers, pesticides and herbicides-polluting water, soil, atmosphere and food-ecological agriculture; Discharge of domestic sewage-increase of nutrients in water body-eutrophication of water body-water bloom and red tide-sewage treatment.

Human and biological resources: (destroying forests, grasslands, wetlands or over-hunting-reducing biodiversity-banning hunting and establishing nature reserves)

Human and atmospheric environment: (industrial production, transportation, domestic coal burning-waste gas emission-acid rain-life-threatening-reducing waste gas emission)

(5) Regional sustainable development

Regional positioning; Analyze the regional natural geographical environment and human geographical characteristics; Looking for regional advantages and limitations; Based on the superior resources in this region, we should foster strengths and avoid weaknesses, and put forward countermeasures and specific measures for sustainable development.

Key areas

World regions: Middle East, European Union (Balkan region), African Union (North Africa, Gulf of Guinea coastal region), South Asia, ASEAN, Central Asia, Malay Archipelago and West Indies, Gulf of Mexico and Bay of Bengal, polar regions.

National Geographic: India, Japan, Australia, USA, Brazil.

China region: Jiangsu, Xinjiang, Northeast China, Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta, Bohai Rim, West China and Central China rise.

Geopolitical sensitive areas (Middle East, Kashmir, Korean Peninsula, Balkan Peninsula);

Areas rich in strategic resources (Gulf region, Arctic Ocean, Antarctica); Land and sea transportation hub areas (Malacca Strait, Panama Canal, Suez Canal, Cape of Good Hope, Turkey Strait, Eurasian Continental Bridge)

Ecological environment destruction areas (Amazon river basin, three major acid rain areas, etc.). ),

High-tech Development Zones (Silicon Valley, Bangalore, Pudong and Zhongguancun)

Areas with sustained economic growth (BRIC countries: China, Indian, Russian and Brazil)

Natural disaster-prone areas (Pacific Rim volcanic belt; Landslides and mudslides in the southwestern mountainous areas of China; Tropical storms in East and South Asia; North American hurricane; Drought in Africa; Sandstorms and cold waves in northern China)

Areas with concentrated population distribution (East Asia, Southeast Asia, South Asia, Europe, North America); Adventure tourism activity areas (Arctic, Antarctic and Himalayan regions); Areas with deep cultural precipitation (Egypt, Apennine Peninsula, Balkans, Central America, China Yellow River Basin, Indus Ganges Basin)

4. Characteristics and trends of geography multiple-choice questions.

1. The investigation of pure memory knowledge is relatively weak, which strengthens the understanding and application of knowledge and is more comprehensive.

2. The multiple-choice questions based on materials tend to increase year by year, and most of them are multiple-choice groups.

3. The proportion of students' deep thinking in multiple-choice examination has increased.

4. Comprehensive selection undertakes the inspection function of multiple-choice questions.

5. The content of multiple-choice questions pays more attention to social hotspots.

5. Types of geography multiple-choice questions and solving methods.

Types of multiple choice questions:

1. True or false multiple-choice questions: you can choose by exclusion or direct election, but you must read all the options before you can decide whether it is right or wrong.

2. Best multiple-choice questions: You can choose by comparison, optimization and direct election.

3. Causality multiple-choice questions: You can use direct selection method, inference method and reverse thinking method to deduce the result from the cause or the reason from the result.

4. Combination multiple-choice questions: multiple-choice questions are converted into single-choice questions. The method is exclusion. First, determine the obviously right or wrong options, and finally analyze the remaining options.

5. Arrange multiple-choice questions in time and space order: The key to solving problems is to determine one or several points that you are most familiar with or are most sure of, and then choose the correct order.

6. Multiple-choice group: first give materials, charts or words, and then do several multiple-choice questions from several angles.

Pay attention to the following aspects when doing the problem: (1) analyze the material, draw the key words in the text, and the information reflected in the chart, such as the concept law, changing trend, distribution, etc. , and link or summarize all information. (2) Take a look at the given multiple-choice questions to see whether there is a conditional inheritance relationship between them, whether the following questions have any enlightenment to the previous questions, what conditions are used for each question, and whether all conditions are used.

Solution:

1. direct election method: you can choose directly by using the knowledge you have learned. Pay more attention to memory knowledge, and pay attention to all options before choosing.

2. Exclusion method: If there are many geographical things or phenomena listed in the options, you can first compare the options with the stem of the question, exclude the obviously wrong options, and focus on analyzing the remaining options.

For example: (Jiangsu Volume, 2008) The following statements about global warming and its impact are in line with the actual situation.

A.the temperature is rising all over the world. B. The precipitation in all parts of China is generally increasing.

C. the water levels of rivers and lakes around the world are rising. D. The total amount of snow and ice in the western mountainous areas of China is decreasing.

Answer: d cuddle: options b and c have the same consciousness. Because it is a single choice, it is excluded. Global temperature fluctuations are rising, excluding option A. The influence of global warming is different in time and space, and there are definitely fewer places with more global precipitation, so choose D.

3. Optimization method: If there are many reasonable options, but the words "most", "dominant" and "first" are included in the title, we should choose the most reasonable option.