Before the outbreak of the First World War, the decadent and reactionary autocratic rule of the Russian czar was in deep crisis and the revolution reached its climax.
After the outbreak of World War II, Russian social contradictions became increasingly acute, and the revolutionary situation quickly matured. 1965438+In February 2007, under the leadership of the Bolshevik Party headed by Lenin, the Russian people overthrew the autocratic rule of the czar. Uprising workers and soldiers set up engineers representing the Soviet Union. However, the Russian bourgeoisie stole the victory of the February Revolution and established an interim government headed by kerensky.
In this way, two regimes coexist. The interim government openly used violence to suppress people's demonstrations and prepared to establish a military dictatorship. In April, Lenin returned to Russia after a long exile, and published the famous "Outline of April", which formulated a clear line and specific plan for the transition from bourgeois democratic revolution to socialist revolution, and clearly put forward the slogan "All political power belongs to the Soviet Union". According to the instructions of the April Outline, the Bolshevik Party organized and educated the masses and led the workers and soldiers in Petrograd to hold demonstrations in April, June and July. At that time, because the Soviet Union and the Social Revolutionary Party under the control of Menshevik became the tools of the interim government, the bourgeoisie openly used violence and prepared to establish a military dictatorship. Therefore, the Bolshevik Party temporarily withdrew the slogan that "all political power belongs to the Soviet Union" and put forward the policy of preparing for an armed uprising. From September to 10, the Soviet Union in Petrograd and Moscow turned to the Bolshevik Party. Workers went on strike, farmers revolted and soldiers rioted, and the revolutionary situation was fully mature. The Bolshevik Party once again put forward the slogan "All political power belongs to the Soviet Union" and began to prepare armed uprisings all over the country.
1917165438+1October 7 (Russian calendar 65438+1October 25) Workers' Red Guards and soldiers in Petrograd (St. Petersburg) held their first armed uprising under the leadership of Lenin and the Bolshevik Party. With the sound of the cruiser "Aphrodite" moored on the Neva River as a signal, workers and soldiers in Petrograd began to attack the Winter Palace, broke into the Winter Palace late at night and arrested members of the interim government. Kerensky fled and the interim government was overthrown. That night, the second All-Russian Soviet Congress was held at the Smolny Institute, announcing that the interim government had been overthrown and that all central and local governments had been handed over to the Soviet Union. The next day, Lenin delivered a speech at the congress, which passed the Peace Act and the Land Law, formed the first Soviet government-people's committee with Lenin as its chairman, and the first socialist country in the world was born. The victory of Petrograd armed uprising laid the foundation for the Soviet regime to triumph. From 19 17 10 to 19 18 in February, the revolution spread to all parts of Russia.
The victory of the great Russian socialist revolution in October ushered in a new era in human history and opened the way for the proletarian revolution, colonial and semi-colonial national liberation movements all over the world.
During the Soviet Union,165438+1October 7th was a national traditional festival. On this day every year, the Soviet Union will hold a grand military parade in the Red Square in Moscow to commemorate the October Revolution. After the disintegration of the Soviet Union, Russian officials stopped celebrating October Revolution Day, but it was still a rest day. Starting from 1996, Russian President Yeltsin designated165438+1October 7 as "Harmony and Reconciliation Day". On June 2 1 2005, the Russian revised federal law "Russian Soldiers' Honor Day and Memorial Day" stipulated that from that year on,165438+1October 7 was celebrated again as October Revolution Day, but this day was no longer a rest day for the first time. The law also designated165438+1October 7th as "Military Honor Day".