Wen Tianxiang was handed down to future generations in the name of loyalty and righteousness. During his capture, Yuan Shizu surrendered with a high official and generous salary. Wen Tianxiang would rather die than surrender, and go to justice calmly. His life story is praised by later generations, and he is also called "the three outstanding men in the late Song Dynasty" with Lu Xiufu and Zhang Shijie.

19 years old, Wen Tianxiang won the first place in Luling Township School Examination. The following year (the fourth year of Baoyu), he entered Bailuzhou Academy in Jizhou (now Ji 'an, Jiangxi), and in the same year he chose Gong from Jizhou, and went to Lin 'an, the capital of the Southern Song Dynasty, with his father to take the exam. In the imperial examination, he pertinently put forward the "imperial examination strategy", put forward the reform plan and expressed his political ambition. Song Lizong was the first in the pro-election, and he became Jia Sidao's favorite pupil. Examiner Wang Yinglin said, "He is like a turtle mirror, loyal to his liver as a stone, and dares to congratulate others." . But four days later, his father died, and Wen Tianxiang went home to mourn for three years. Later, he successively went to Zhongshu, and served as a naval officer, a punishments officer, a Jiangxi officer, a Shangshu Zuosi officer, a Hunan officer and a Ganzhou officer. In the first year of Song Gongdi Deyou (1275), Yuan soldiers crossed the river, and Wen Tianxiang poured all his money, recruited talents and scholars, rose up, worked hard for the king, and organized 30,000 insurgents, taking "righteousness is in me, everything is counted; The slogan "Many people can succeed" was used against the RMB. But in the end, because of isolation and helplessness, the struggle failed, and finally only six people were left. The following year, Prime Minister Zuo (on the right, Lai, the commander of the Yangtze River defense in Xiangyang) went to negotiate, only to be detained and escorted north. Later, he escaped from Zhenjiang. Try to recover and move southeast. However, the Yuan Army played a trick on me and lied that Wen Tianxiang had surrendered, so Wen Tianxiang was repeatedly suspected and had to be displaced to Wenzhou. At this time, the court of the Southern Song Dynasty had surrendered, Emperor Gong was taken to Yuan Dadu, and Lu Xiufu and other seven sons, Song Duanzong, acceded to the throne in Fuzhou. Wen Tianxiang was called to Fuzhou as an envoy of the Tang Dynasty, and concurrently served as commander-in-chief of various military forces. He set up a governor's office in Nanjian Prefecture (now Nanping, Fujian Province) and sent people to various places to raise troops and pay for it to continue the Yuan War. In autumn, the Yuan army invaded Fujian, and Duanzong was forced to flee to the sea and drift in Guangdong by boat.

Wen Tianxiang disagreed with Zhang Shijie and Chen, the courtiers at that time, so he left the Southern Song Dynasty and started a new stove in Nanjian House (now Nanping, Fujian), where he served as the viceroy and commanded Kang Yuan. 1277, Wen Tianxiang led the troops to Longyan and Meizhou and invaded Jiangxi. In Du Yu (now in the south of Jiangxi), the Yuan army was defeated, and the country was captured and rejuvenated, and ten counties in Ganzhou and four counties in Jizhou were recovered, which was inspiring and the anti-Yuan situation improved. However, the good times did not last long. The main force of the Yuan Army attacked Xingguo State-owned enterprises in Wen Tianxiang, and Wen Tianxiang was outnumbered. He led the army to retreat to Luling and Hezhou (now Changting, Fujian), and suffered heavy losses. His wife and children were also taken away by the Yuan Army.

In the summer of the first year of Xiangxing (1278), Wen Tianxiang learned that the Southern Song Dynasty was moving its capital to Yashan. In order to get rid of the predicament, he asked to lead an army to meet the Southern Song Dynasty. Because of Zhang Shijie's resolute opposition, the plan failed, and Wen Tianxiang led the army to retreat to Chaoyang County. In the winter of the same year, the Yuan Army launched a massive attack. When Wen Tianxiang was almost arrested by the Yuan Army, three mountains suddenly appeared, covering the Mongolian soldiers and covering Wen Tianxiang's escape. Later generations worship these three mountain gods and protect loyalty and righteousness with Sanshanwang Temple. On his way to Haifeng, Wen Tianxiang was attacked by Zhang Hongfan, a general of the Yuan Dynasty, and led his troops to retreat. When Wen Tianxiang Army was cooking lunch at Wupo Ridge, smoke attracted Yuan Army to discover that it was defeated and captured. Zhang Yaowen and Tian Xiang wrote a letter to surrender to Zhang Shijie, which is a book "Poems of Crossing the Zero Ding": "Once hard work comes, there are many places around you. The mountains and rivers are broken and the wind is floating, and the life experience is stormy. The emperor was afraid of the beach and said he was afraid of the emperor. Who hasn't died since ancient times? Take the heart of Dan and shine. " Hongfan laughed it off, and soon sent a special envoy to escort him to Dadu, where he went on a hunger strike for eight days without dying. He was detained in Fu Xue Hutong for four years. In the second year of Emperor Ji Sheng (1279), after the demise of the Song Dynasty, Wen Tianxiang still stuck to his original heart and said in a letter to his sister, "It is sad to receive a letter from Miss Liu. Who has no wife, children, flesh and blood? But now, it is a kind of life to die without hesitation. what can I do? What a pity! ..... can make Liu Nv and Huan Nv become good people, but dad can't. Tears choked and choked. " In prison, he wrote the third volume of the Guide and the Song of Justice.

Yuan Shizu Kublai Khan liked his talent so much that he sent Heima, a political official of Pingzhang, and Kyle Polo, the prime minister, to ask for him. In Yuan Dynasty 19 (1283,65438+10.8)12.8, Yuan Shizu summoned Wen Tianxiang, surrendered himself, and granted him the most favorable condition of "recovering, even ruling China on behalf of Kublai Khan". Wen Tianxiang was unyielding and replied: The next day, he was taken to the execution ground. Wen Tianxiang bowed his head and passed away calmly at the age of 47. Shortly after the execution, "Russia has an imperial decree to stop it." However, when Wen Tianxiang died, Kublai Khan said regretfully, "Good people are not for us. It's a pity to really kill him. " When Ouyang Shi, Wen Tianxiang's wife, collected the corpse, she found a perfect pen to praise herself in her clothes: "Confucius said benevolence, Mencius said righteousness, and only the righteousness was exhausted, so she was benevolent. What have you learned from reading the books of sages? Every now and then, I have no conscience. " .

Wen Tianxiang has written many works, among which "Crossing Ding Yang" and "Song Zhengqi" written in prison are the best known and received rave reviews. Among them, the former's "who never dies in life since ancient times, keep a fresh heart to shine on history" is the eternal farewell.

In memory of Wen Tianxiang, in the place where Wen Tianxiang was once imprisoned, the Temple of Prime Minister Wen was established, and then the Wen Tianxiang Memorial Hall was established.

The Wen clan (one of the five major clans in the New Territories of Hong Kong) in Xintian and Taiheng Township, Tai Po, New Territories of Hong Kong was originally from Ji 'an, Jiangxi. Their ancestor Wen was Wen Tianxiang's cousin and lived in Dongguan in the late Song Dynasty to avoid the disaster of the Yuan Army. As a result, the children of the Wen family built the Wen Tianxiang Memorial Garden and Wenshan Garden in Xintian and Taiheng Ancestral Hall respectively, and carved the statue of Wen Tianxiang and the Song of Righteousness.