With the acceleration of the pace of work and life, people are facing more and more fierce competition and greater psychological pressure, and quite a few people have mental health problems to varying degrees. The World Health Organization assessed 5,500 cases in general medical institutions in 14 countries, and found that a quarter of them were patients with definite mental disorders. In China, mental illness has become a more serious kind of disease, surpassing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, respiratory diseases and malignant tumors. April 7th is the 52nd World Health Day. The theme of this year's World Health Day is "Mental Health" and the slogan is: "Eliminate prejudice and be brave in caring". In order to discuss the prevention and treatment of mental illness, on the eve of World Health Day, the reporter visited Zhang Incheon and Cong Weidong, chief physicians of the provincial mental health center. What are the mental health problems in the compilation of Idle Residence? Dr Cong Weidong, the telephone host of the mental illness consultation hotline of the Provincial MentalHealth Center, introduced that the word mental health originated from the English word "mental health", that is, mental health. As a scientific term, mental health and mental health have the same meaning. Mental health is the expansion of clinical psychiatry, which not only includes the prevention and treatment of various mental diseases, but also includes reducing and preventing the occurrence of various unhealthy psychological and behavioral problems and improving the mental health level of ordinary people. Many people choose "psychology" instead of "spirit" to cater to the public's reluctance to associate with "mental illness". Mental health problems can be roughly divided into three categories: first, psychological problems mainly refer to psychological abnormalities caused by bad stimuli, which are minor injuries in psychological activities, such as depression and self-pity after setbacks, excessive tension and anxiety before exams, and short-term negative emotions caused by quarrels between husband and wife. Psychological problems are often only temporary, which is a local abnormal state in normal psychological activities. Under certain circumstances, every normal person may have different degrees of psychological problems, but their social functions are intact and often do not need treatment. However, serious and persistent psychological problems will not only affect the development of personality, but also induce some psychological diseases. Second, mild mental disorders, such as neurosis, personality disorder and mental development disorder. Neurosis also includes obsessive-compulsive disorder, phobia, anxiety, neurasthenia, hysteria, hypochondria and so on. Generally speaking, most patients with mild mental disorders have certain quality and personality defects before the onset, and the onset is mostly related to social factors, and their symptoms have no proven basis for organic diseases. Such patients generally need psychotherapy and medication, and the prognosis is good. Third, serious mental disorders, including schizophrenia and emotional disorders. Such patients are abnormal in thinking, emotion and behavior, unable to adapt to the social environment, divorced from reality, denying their illness and refusing treatment. Such patients generally need hospitalization. The prevention and treatment of mental illness and heart disease also need cardiologists. How to prevent mental illness? Chief physician Zhang Incheon said that mental health care should be carried out in daily life to prevent and treat mental illness. He introduced the mental health standard put forward by Mastow, a famous American psychologist. He said that this standard is very conducive to guiding ordinary people to carry out mental health care and exercise. The main contents of this standard are: to establish a full sense of security; Fully understand yourself and make an appropriate evaluation of your ability; The goal of life is realistic; Keep in touch with the real environment; Can maintain the integrity and harmony of personality; The ability to learn from experience; Can maintain good interpersonal relationship; Moderate emotional expression and control; Personality can be developed without violating the requirements of group interests; Under the condition of not violating social norms, the basic requirements of individuals can be properly met. Chief physician Zhang Incheon said that according to Mastow's standards, I believe that every reader will find a suitable mental health care method according to his actual situation. A philosophical attitude towards life, full of confidence in oneself and sincere concern for others, should be a compass to take the road of mental health. Chief physician Zhang Incheon said that the key to the prevention and treatment of mental illness is to find and treat it as early as possible. To this end, we should take various forms to educate the masses about mental health and mental diseases, so that they can find and identify mental health problems as soon as possible and seek advice and treatment in time; It is necessary to improve the professional technical level of mental health of doctors and psychological counseling institutions in general hospitals, and find mental diseases or psychological obstacles in time so as to make timely referrals; Promote mental health knowledge, let the broad masses scientifically understand mental illness, reduce social discrimination against mental patients, let patients' families eliminate their concerns and send patients to specialized hospitals as soon as possible. Director Zhang Incheon, director of the Center for Mental Rehabilitation and Social Reintegration, said that many people think that it is good for mental patients to stop fighting and not affect others after they are cured. In fact, the significance of mental rehabilitation goes far beyond this. Diseases (whether physical or mental) have brought many adverse effects on people's physiology and psychology, but the elimination of diseases does not mean that patients have fully recovered. To make a simple analogy, a person has a cold and fever. Even if it is cured, it will take some time for his body to adjust before he can resume his normal life and work. The harm caused by mental illness to patients is much more serious than that caused by cold and fever, so the rehabilitation of mental illness is more difficult and complicated. Generally speaking, the rehabilitation of mental illness includes four aspects: first, medical rehabilitation, that is, eliminating symptoms and curing diseases through various medical means, which is the basic premise of mental illness rehabilitation. Even if the disease has been cured, you should keep in touch with your doctor and insist on long-term treatment. Second, psychological rehabilitation, mental illness itself is a serious mental illness. After the patient is cured, how to deal with the contradictions in life, study and work, and how to face discrimination and prejudice, if these problems are not properly solved, will inevitably affect the rehabilitation of the disease, and may also make the disease relapse. Therefore, we should pay special attention to psychological rehabilitation. Psychological rehabilitation is also called educational rehabilitation. The object of education is not only the patients themselves, but also their relatives and friends. The rehabilitation of mental illness can not be separated from the care and care of patients' relatives and friends. Third, social rehabilitation, mental patients have been ill for a long time, and their interpersonal skills and social adaptability will decline to varying degrees, and some patients will appear "naive" words and deeds. In this regard, drug treatment is generally difficult to be effective. There are two feasible ways to make mental patients return to society: first, family members encourage patients to take care of themselves and participate in social activities, and constantly sum up and improve in practice; Second, the society should provide more opportunities for mental patients to communicate with others and reduce the prejudice and discrimination suffered by patients in communicating with normal people, which requires improving the mental health quality of the public. Fourth, vocational rehabilitation, mental patients must have certain vocational skills in order to be as competent as normal people and bear pressure. The deterioration of professional skills caused by diseases often frustrates mental patients in fierce professional competition, leading to the loss of job opportunities. Vocational rehabilitation needs more training and training in an environment suitable for mental patients. From the above four aspects, it can be seen that the rehabilitation of mental illness is not only to cure the disease, but its ultimate goal is to restore the mental patient's psychological, social and professional functions to the level before the illness and return to society. To achieve this goal, it is not enough to rely solely on medical institutions, but must rely on the joint efforts of families and society.