Jules. Verne (1828-1905) is a French science fiction writer and an important founder of modern science fiction. Known as "the father of science fiction"
Born in a lawyer's family, he had a strong desire to explore and a rich imagination when he was very young. He read widely and accumulated a large number of books. His first science fiction novel, Five Weeks in a Balloon, was very popular and caused a sensation, making him a household name. Later, he became so popular that he wrote a series of science fiction adventure novels, with no less than sixty or seventy kinds, which were included in a series called Strange Travel. Two Wan Li under the Sea is the second part of Verne's famous trilogy, which is preceded by Captain Grant's Children and followed by Mysterious Island. The author has rich imagination, exquisite writing and ingenious conception. His works are both fascinating and instructive, and are suitable for readers of all ages. Moreover, Verne's fantasy is not whimsical, but has scientific basis; Many of the tools he foresaw later became real things in real life.
Content overview
Style: science fiction
Main content: This book is the second part of Verne's trilogy. The story happened in 1866. Pierre Aronnax, a Frenchman and biologist, was invited to the United States for a scientific investigation. At this time, a monster appeared on the sea, causing great chaos in the world. After the expedition, the biologist was preparing to pack his bags and return to France, but he was invited by the US Admiralty, so he changed course and boarded a destroyer USS Lincoln to take part in the activity of "clearing that monster out of the ocean". After many hardships, the "monster" has not been removed, but the destroyer has been hit hard by the "monster". Biologist, Conseil, his servant, and Nederland, a whaler specially invited to the destroyer to remove the "monster", have all become prisoners of the "monster"! It turns out that "Monster" is a submarine unknown to the world, named "Nautilus". Submarines also give preferential treatment to prisoners; However, in order to keep his secret, the submarine captain Nemo never allowed them to leave. Pierre Aronnax and his team had no choice but to follow the submarine around the ocean. 10 months later, the three men finally escaped under extremely dangerous circumstances, and biologists were able to make this underwater secret public.
Theme of the work:
Two Wan Li under the Sea depicts people's adventures in the sea. The wonderful and spectacular underwater world is full of exoticism and strong romanticism, which embodies the dream of human beings yearning for heaven and earth and flying freely since ancient times. The novel can not only stimulate people's interest in science, but also praise the images of soldiers who resist oppression, such as Captain Nemo, and show their sense of social justice and lofty humanitarian spirit.
Artistic feature
First, based on science, detailed description.
Verne can be called a "master of fantasy", and his imagination is unrestrained. He traveled in the depths of the sea on the wings of imagination, explored the mysteries of the world, vividly showed us dreams that could not be realized at that time, and created the Nautilus with all advanced equipment.
This submarine could not be surpassed by any ship at that time. It is the crystallization of the wisdom of Captain Nemo, the maker of this ship. The unpredictable sea is full of dangers, and the ship's construction is impeccable. It is invincible and fearless when riding on the Nautilus. "There is no need to worry about the deformation of the ship, because the double hull of the ship is as hard as steel; It can destroy cables without rolling or pitching the hull; Sails that no wind can blow away; There is no steam boiler that can be broken; There will be no terrible fire, because the ship is made of iron, not wood; It does not use coal that will burn out, because its mechanical power is electricity; Will not encounter a terrible collision, because it is alone in deep water; It doesn't have to encounter a storm, because it can get absolute calm at a depth of several meters; " There is no need to worry about lack of oxygen. This floating house can float out of the ocean, breathe like a whale, and change the air every 24 hours. They can breathe fresh, pure and salty air at any time. The author described Nautilus in detail and refused to let go of any detail. "The tall rosewood bookshelf is inlaid with bronze ornaments, and there are many books with consistent binding on the wide partition. Bookshelves are placed along the indoor wall, and the inside is facing a row of chestnut leather sofas. This sofa has a proper curvature and is very comfortable to sit on. In addition, there are some portable and movable bookcases that can be moved at will for people to put books on them to read. There is a big table in the middle of the room, which is full of pamphlets, some of which are like overdue newspapers. This harmonious layout is bathed in electric lights, which are emitted by four frosted glass balls half embedded in the whirlpool ceiling. " We can't help admiring the beautifully decorated library. The sea gave birth to infinite life, and the sea provided Captain Nemo with everything he needed. This wonderful and inexhaustible source of life not only provides rich food, but also provides people with clothes. Pierre Aronnax's clothes are made of a kind of shellfish's foot silk, dyed in crimson, a favorite color of ancient people, mixed with purple extracted from Mediterranean rabbit hair; The perfume on the dresser of the cabin is a product made by distillation of marine plants; The bed is made of the softest kelp in the ocean; The pen is made of whale tentacles; Ink is the secretion of squid or cuttlefish; The cream they eat is made of milk squeezed from whale breasts; Sugar is extracted from large algae in the Arctic Ocean. The author likes to describe mysterious things, treasures and strange scientific details, which may sound incredible to people, but it is not random fabrication, but closer to the factual information. Based on science, it is not difficult for us to find a lot of data in the book, which can supplement the details and increase the readers' perceptual knowledge. In the future when science is highly developed, all these may become a reality. In addition, the travel route of the novel is true and reliable, and we seem to have traveled all over the world with the protagonist in the book on Nautilus.
/kloc-The second half of 0/9th century to the beginning of 20th century is a period of rapid development of European science. Capitalist countries, with their advanced industrial achievements, are opening up by leaps and bounds, and people are keen to sail overseas and seek colonial exploration. At this time, France was a world superpower, with a large number of colonies and leading the world in science and technology. The development of science and technology provided Verne with rich and detailed scientific basis. As the author said, he regarded this book as "the invention is based on real science, and the arranged structure and materials used are not completely divorced from the knowledge field of OEM technology." Verne has rich knowledge of geography, biology and oceanography. Before writing, he made an accurate study on the structure of the cabin, the latitude and longitude of each place, and the types and habits of marine life, just like a writer really wants to sail to the bottom of the sea. It is precisely because of the author's rigorous scientific attitude that he describes the events in his fantasy in detail as much as possible, which will give people an immersive truth and credibility.
Second, the story is tortuous and tense, and the scene description is magnificent.
This novel is straightforward. Writing attracted us from the beginning. What is the mysterious monster that people encounter many times at sea? A moving reef or a narwhal? When Pierre Aronnax and others' ship sank, they found themselves in despair and narrowly escaped death on a huge submarine, and became captives of Captain Nemo. Who's Captain Nemo? He is the defender of the oppressed nation and the liberator of the slave nation? Or a loner who hates everything in human society? Will he throw Pierre Aronnax and others into the sea? Will he imprison them on this ship forever to keep a secret? We don't know all this, and there are still many suspense in the text, waiting for us to interpret it. While enjoying the dreamlike beauty of the seabed, the hero is also in danger, and has experienced dangers such as being stranded, being besieged by indigenous people, fighting with sharks, icebergs blocking roads, octopus attacks and so on.
The bloody conflict with octopus is one of the most thrilling scenes in this novel. "This is an 8-meter-long giant octopus." His huge sea-green eyes stared at us. These demons who escaped from hell, it is estimated that God accidentally let them escape when they dozed off. They fell in love with the Nautilus and walked backwards in the same direction of the ship very quickly, as if they were escorting a ship that had experienced many difficulties. "I heard their mouths gnawing at the iron plate of the hull. We have become the food they hope. " The captain who has always been confident is also gloomy at this time. He explained the cause of the accident and suggested killing these hateful octopus. So, a thrilling scene really took place. Captain Nemo first cut off his tentacles with an axe, and then the unfortunate sailor was entangled and sucked away. No matter how hard everyone tried to save it, it didn't help. He could only let it disappear. More octopus invaded the platform and the side of the ship, and a life-and-death struggle began. What is presented to the reader is blood waves, ink, meat pieces, eyes, harpoons and axes. When they killed the octopus, we seemed to hear all their breathing unevenly, but it echoed in this dark blue ocean and spread to far, far places ... The battle was over, the octopus disappeared under the vast waves and disappeared into their cold world, and "Captain Nemo was red with blood. He stood motionless by the searchlight and stared at the sea that swallowed one of his companions. Big tears came from his eyes.
This scene is ready to come out, ups and downs, endless, making the article wave after wave, setting off the psychological characteristics of the characters, rendering the tragic atmosphere and promoting the development of the plot. Another wonderful scene, which I think is the end of the first part, is the funeral for the dead sailors in the coral cemetery. The charming scenery of the coral kingdom is amazing and can hardly be expressed in words. However, in the center of the vast forest clearing here, a touching underwater funeral was held in the dim light. The scene is extremely grand and serious. Everyone quietly digs this isolated submarine grave with deep feelings, and then puts the remains in it to pray ... This series of action descriptions, as well as the surrounding environment, the psychological activities and dialogues of the characters, all make this scene have extraordinary touching effects.
The touching scene is unforgettable, and the horrible scene is equally shocking and even more exciting, so that it is still fresh in my memory after reading it, as if I were there.
Third, the characters have distinct personalities.
Captain Nemo is one of the greatest images created by Verne. He is a romantic, mysterious and charming figure.
Nemo is a perfect scientist. He knows astronomy above and geography below, and he is familiar with all the technologies and basic sciences of his time. He built a submarine according to his own design and carried out large-scale scientific research on the seabed. He likes the sea. He extracts light, heat and energy from the ocean. "The ocean is everything, and its breath is pure and healthy. On the ocean, people will never feel lonely, because no matter where they are, they can feel the activities of life. The ocean does not belong to an autocratic monarch. At sea, people will still make unjust laws like on the ground, kill each other and launch terrible wars. But below 30 feet in the ocean, they can't be king, their influence is limited and their power disappears. Ah! Sir! If you want to live, live at the bottom of the sea. There, I was alone and free. I am completely free there. " Captain Nemo pursues absolute freedom.
During the period of 1867- 1870, France and the whole world were in a period of great change and turmoil. 19 After the mid-1960s, it experienced the growing domestic democratic forces, the unprecedented upsurge of the freedom movement, the humiliation of the Franco-Prussian War and failure, the collapse of Napoleon's second empire, the Paris Commune Revolution and the cruel suppression by the interim government. From a global perspective, the development of science and technology has made the western powers, which have entered the primary stage of imperialism, show their unique cruelty and barbarism, vigorously expand outward, step up their struggle for overseas colonies, plunder colonial wealth, suppress national uprisings and implement the policy of genocide. Freedom is the slogan of the Liberal Party in the19th century. People are eager to end the tyranny of the empire and overthrow the evil slavery. Nemo embodies the spirit of freedom and equality. Nemo broke away from the human society under the rule of colonial powers and was outside the laws of the colonists. He made himself absolutely independent, absolutely unrestrained and completely isolated from the world.
When Captain Nemo ran into a three-masted warship without flying the national flag with great hatred, we would not understand that all we saw was his hatred for human society and his violent character, sometimes even cruel. "For human society, this captain always shows unchangeable feelings of distrust and resentment." We don't know the nationality of the ship, but after Captain Nemo sank him, in his room, he knelt in front of the portrait of a woman and two children and cried bitterly. He has been reluctant to leave for a long time. Maybe it's his poor wife and children. Captain Nemo's secret is beyond our imagination, but one thing is certain: his hatred of human society is due to reasons, not innate.
Nemo is not only a "true god of revenge" and a "terrible referee", but also a brave warrior who resists oppression and exploitation. He obtained wealth from the sea to support the cause of national liberation. He is generous, kind and kind. Captain Nemo tried his best to rescue the pearl pickers in Ceylon from sharks and gave the poor man a bag of pearls to make a living. Nimo said: "This Indian is the people of a ravaged country, and my heart is toward that country." He sympathizes with the poor and the oppressed. No matter what forced Captain Nemo to go to the bottom of the sea to seek freedom, one thing is certain: he is still alone first! His heart is still beating for human suffering! Captain Nemo showed selfless dedication to mankind during his adventure in Mana 'ar Beach. Captain Nemo is an eternal figure. His legendary life and experience have brought us a lasting and strong spiritual shock. With the development of the plot, we unconsciously entered his world, and entered the inner world where the hero insisted on honesty and pursued lofty ideals. After many hardships, Nemo sincerely dedicated everything, including life and death, honor and disgrace, to the lofty cause in his mind. Under some extraordinary mental purgatory and emotional tempering, Nemo's humanity has been honed more tenaciously. He didn't fall or give in. He showed courage in crisis, loftiness in adversity, broadness in loneliness and purity in complexity. This artistic image exudes a particularly dazzling brilliance. Nemo's character, temperament and ideal are exactly what the author expected. He expressed his expectations and views through his own characters.
Fourth, the depiction of the underwater world is wonderful.
There are many wonders in the underwater world, which make us feast our eyes. There are all kinds of novel fish, insects, sponge flower beds and coral jungles. ...
The protagonist strolls through the submarine plain and begins an unprecedented wonderful journey. They walked on the smooth and wrinkle-free beach, and the scenery in the distance looked hazy. A beautiful coral reef appeared in front of them, covered with the most beautiful plants and insects. "It's ten o'clock in the morning. Sunlight shines on the ocean surface at a rather oblique angle, and the light is refracted and decomposed like a prism. When flowers, rocks, bacteria, shells, butterflies, etc. When exposed to such light on the seabed, their edges will glow slightly with the seven colors of the solar spectrum. " "This combination of various colors is really a kaleidoscope of red, orange, yellow, green, cyan, blue and purple. In a word, just like a painter who is good at using colors and painting like a fanatic, he is using a palette properly! " ⑦ There are thousands of marine life there, such as sea fans, sea hammerfish, water beetles, really jumping shellfish, horseshoe snails, vermilion, wind snails with angel wings, scallops, swarms of jellyfish, tubular corals like panaflute, rosacea with cactus fans ... There are many creatures that we can't name. Above their heads, there are always groups of jellyfish, and their milky white or reddish umbrella membranes are dotted with sky-blue lace to block out the sun for everyone; There are also shiny hemispherical jellyfish, which emit phosphorescence in the dark to light their way.
The undersea forest is full of tall arboreal plants. "There are some real thorns, there are gorgeous flowers, there are rows of insects infested animals, there are striped brain corals that are generally open in flowers, there are black and yellow carnation corals that must be transparent, and there are grass-like stone corals, and-in order to enrich this illusion, there are flying fish like swarms of hummingbirds, which fly from one branch to another, while yellow moths, flying fish and single-fin fish with sharp scales are like a group of quails.
The beauty of the underwater world is hard to describe in words. They are amazing and admirable. I believe that everyone who has seen it will never forget it and look forward to experiencing a magical and thrilling trip to the bottom of the sea!
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But hope is always deeply rooted in people's hearts! We are two people.
Finally, I want to make sure-it seems impossible-that even if I want to break all my illusions, even if I want to "despair", I can't do it now! The time when the warship collided with the whale was around eleven o'clock in the evening. So we must swim for eight hours by sunrise. We can swim for eight hours instead of swimming. The sea is calm, so we are not too tired. Sometimes, my eyes want to see through the deep darkness, but I can't see anything except a little flash from the waves aroused by our swimming action. The broken and bright water waves under my hand are dotted on the mirror-like water surface, just like pieces of blue-gray metal sheets.
artistic appreciation
It is amazing to see this psychological description full of characters' strength, and it is suggested that the final scenery description can well set off the psychological state of the characters' mental fighting, physical exhaustion and self-struggle.
Not only that, he also highlighted the author's extraordinary skills. "In his works, the plot is thrilling and tortuous, the characters are vivid and the ending is unexpected, which makes his works shine with eternal charm. Therefore, Verne is well-deserved to be called "the father of science fiction". "
Segment selection
This is really a wonderful and rare undersea forest. It is full of tall woody plants, and the branches of small trees extend straight to the sunny side. No skill, no context, like a hard core. Corals with bright flowers are growing everywhere in all kinds of shrubs as high as temperate forests. How beautiful!
Later, the submarine experienced dangers such as grounding and indigenous siege, and sailed safely to the Indian Ocean. Then something strange happened. What Captain Nemo saw from the sea suddenly filled with anger and hatred. He rudely locked Pierre Aronnax and his companions in a small room and forced them to sleep. The next day, Pierre Aronnax woke up and Captain Nemo asked him to treat a seriously injured crew member. The crew are all dead. Captain Nemo sadly led the funeral procession and buried the dead in the dazzling coral forest on the seabed. He said: here, coral will seal the dead forever and will not be bullied by sharks and people!
Ceylon Island at the southern tip of the Indian Peninsula is just around the corner. Pierre Aronnax accepted Captain Nemo's suggestion and headed for the underwater pearl mining field. Suddenly, a huge shark pounced on the pearl picker. Captain Nemo stood up to fight the shark with a short knife in his hand. Captain Nemo was crushed by the shark's huge body and was in danger, wasn't he, Ned? Lan quickly threw a sharp fork and hit the shark in the heart. The captain saved the poor pearl picker and took a packet of pearls from his pocket and gave it to him. From this, Pierre Aronnax thinks that Nemo has two points worthy of attention: first, he is extremely brave, and second, his spirit of sacrifice for mankind. It seems that this eccentric man has not completely broken the absolute human love.
From the Red Sea to the Mediterranean, if you take the Cape of Good Hope, you need to go around Africa. But Captain Nemo sneaked along an Arabian submarine passage he discovered, and in less than twenty minutes he crossed the Isthmus of Suez and reached the Mediterranean Sea. The book says:
Nautilus is running along the dark and deep undersea tunnel. With the inclination of the tunnel, the submarine descended with the rapids like an arrow. On the narrow high walls on both sides of the tunnel, I saw brilliant lines drawn by the speed of lightning, straight into strips. Let us be heartbroken.
The submarine is heading for Condi Island. At this time, another strange thing happened: as a diver appeared in front of the submarine window in the morning, Captain Nemo took out millions of gold from the cupboard, wrote down the address and sent someone to carry it away in a boat. Where did all this gold go? Pierre Aronnax felt that the mysterious Nemo still had some connection with this land.
The submarine crossed the boiling water in the volcanic area of Sandelin Island, came out of the Strait of Gibraltar, sailed to the Atlantic Ocean and stopped at the bottom of Victoria Bay. This is the battlefield of naval battle in 1702. At that time, the ship carrying gold and silver to the Spanish government sank here, and the seabed was covered with gold and silver jewelry. Nemo sent his crew to load millions of gold and silver into the submarine. Pierre Aronnax regrets that a lot of wealth cannot be distributed to the poor. The captain replied excitedly, "Did I salvage these belongings for myself?" Do you think I don't know that there are countless suffering people, oppressed races and victims who want revenge? "Pierre Aronnax this just understand captain nemo when passing through Connecticut sent millions of gold coins is for the sake of who.
At the bottom of the Atlantic Ocean, Pierre Aronnax and Captain Nemo made a novel trip. They climbed a peak on the sunken continent in the Atlantic Ocean and watched the wonders of the volcano spewing sulfur and flint. Overlooking a ruined city at the foot of the mountain-the whole submerged city of Pompeii. This book describes the legendary ancient underwater city:
In the distance is a volcano. Below the peak, between ordinary stones and dregs, a huge fire spout spewed a torrent of sulfur flint, and a waterfall that flew into fire sank into the sea, shining on the plain under the sea floor until the farthest end. At present, I am a destroyed city, with collapsed houses, broken and scattered arches and fallen stone pillars. A little further away, it is the ruins of some small projects. Farther away, a series of collapsed city walls, an uninhabited continent in vast expanse, the whole underwater city of Pompeii was revived and appeared before my eyes.
Then, Nautilus boldly sailed to the South Pole, and the submarine sailed among the whales. Ned. Lan asked about chasing whales. Minister Nemo did not agree to harm these kind and harmless fin whales. When a cruel whale attacked a fin whale at sea, Captain Nemo decided to rescue it. The nautilus used its steel horn to go straight through the whale. After a fierce battle, the sea was full of dead whales. After crossing the Antarctic, the submarine experienced dangers such as iceberg road closure and octopus attack. It was Captain Nemo who led the crew to overcome the difficulties with amazing calmness and perseverance.
Finally, the submarine sailed through the warm Atlantic current known as the king of storms and came to a place where a French patriotic warship sank. Nemo told the history of warship revenge with passion. This attracted the attention of Pierre Aronnax. It is not ordinary cynicism, but very noble hatred to lock Captain Nemo and his companions in the hull of the Nautilus. Didn't it attack some ships in the Indian Ocean that night? Isn't the man buried in the coral cemetery the victim of the conflict caused by Nautilus? And on all the seas, people are also chasing this terrible destructive machine!
When the nautilus slowly returned to the surface, it exploded: a warship was attacking the nautilus. Captain Nemo is determined to sink it. Pierre Aronnax tried to dissuade him, but the captain said, "I am oppressed. Look, that's the oppressor! Because of him, everything I love and respect, everything I love and respect, my motherland, parents, lovers and children are all dead! Everything I hate is there! " The captain didn't want the wreckage of this warship to be mixed with the glorious wreckage of Revenge, so he led the warship to the east. The next day, the terrible blow began! Nautilus deliberately let the enemy approach, and then under the powerful impetus of the propeller, it aimed at the weak part below the buoy line of the warship at that powerful angle of attack and crossed over! In an instant, the warship hull cracked, then exploded and sank quickly. Its mast is full of victims. Then, the dark giant sank into the water, and with it, all the bodies were swept away by the powerful vortex. ...
Pierre Aronnax witnessed this tragic scene and was extremely disgusted with Captain Nemo: "Although he may have suffered a lot in other ways, he has no right to take such cruel revenge." Pierre Aronnax heard Captain Nemo's last words on the ship: "Almighty God! Enough! Enough! "
In the dangerous waters off the Norwegian coast, Pierre Aronnax and Ned? Lan and Conseil left the Nautilus in a small boat, ending this round-the-world trip across the Pacific Ocean, the Indian Ocean, the Red Sea, the Mediterranean Sea and the North and South poles. Pierre Aronnax hopes: "If Captain Nemo lives in the ocean of his choice forever, I hope all hatred will fade in this stubborn heart! ..... I hope that this talented scholar will continue to do peaceful exploration! "
Reaction to a book or an article
The first is science. Verne's works have always been known for their strong scientific nature. Almost every book of his involves all kinds of science, and Two Wan Li under the Sea is no exception. The breadth of marine knowledge involved in this paper is unmatched by other marine novels. The refraction of light, the classified collection of pearls, the structure of submarines and the description of the seabed all reflect his imagination and rich scientific knowledge.
As far as characters are concerned, Captain Nemo is knowledgeable; His creativity; His bravery and so on are admirable. But Captain Nemo seems a little extreme. I like Conseil, the servant in the book best. His loyalty to his master and his talent are worthy of recognition. First of all, at the beginning of the article, he decided to go with his master after learning that he was going to take part in dangerous whaling and even his life was in danger. Although the professor said he couldn't go, he decided to follow, which is worthy of recognition. When he fell into the water, he saw his master fall into the water and jumped bravely. This is a rare loyalty.
And his erudition. Two thirds of the scientific knowledge involved in this article was told by the professor and Captain Nemo, and the rest was told by him. He took pains to classify all kinds of aquatic animals with amazing details. At the same time, his interest in taxonomy enabled him to master marine knowledge like a professor. For example, when I first saw the collection in Nautilus, I began to classify it and continued to classify it in the water. When I arrived at the South Pole, I didn't forget his classification. You can say that he is a sorting freak. The second time, he also had a special notebook to record the classification. As you can imagine, Nautilus can still classify calmly when he doesn't know his future fate, which shows how calm his heart is, or he wants to forget his fear of Nautilus through classification. This is my guess.
What moved me most was that he risked his life to save people's lives. When the Antarctic is short of oxygen, there is only a trace of air in the piggy bank on the diving suit. At that time, they almost collapsed because of lack of air. At this time, he didn't take away the last breath of air, leaving the chance of survival to the professor. That moment is arguably the most touching scene in the book.
Although Conseil is only one of the many outstanding figures in Verne's works, he is still deeply loved by me. It can be said that he is a typical character writing in Verne's novels. Verne is good at grasping the description of scenery and environment to set off a person. Conseil is like this. It is precisely because of such a specific environment as Nautilus that he was given a chance to show himself. Verne is also good at expressing a person through other things. It is through a series of things that he is good at showing himself.