Two special components in simple sentences are prompt component and independent component. I. Prompt components and their functions If two words or phrases refer to the same thing, one is used in a sentence as a part of the sentence, and the other is used at the beginning or end of the sentence, not as a part of the subject or predicate, then the part at the beginning or end of the sentence is called a prompt component. There are two kinds of hint components: (1) pronoun hint components are generally used at the beginning of sentences and are referred to by pronouns in sentences. After the prompt, there is an obvious pause, which is usually indicated by commas or dashes when writing. For example, (1) the unity of the country, the unity of the people and the unity of all ethnic groups in China are the basic guarantee for the success of our cause. (2) China Producer Party-what a kind and great name! Occasionally, the pronoun hint component is inverted at the end of the sentence. We often miss him, dear Premier Zhou. (2) The total-sum prompt component at the beginning of the sentence is a general part, and the corresponding part in the sentence is a secondary part, which is the subject of the clause. This is the sum prompt component. This prompt component is usually followed by a phonetic pause, which is expressed by commas or colons when writing, and is often divided into "de" structure or "an". For example: (5) Some villagers in the village are cutting wheat, transplanting rice seedlings and doing other work. (6) Yao He, one is a telephone operator and the other is a train driver. (7) mother-in-law, daughter-in-law supports the whole labor force, and mother-in-law has not been idle for a day. Some sentences have only one part. For example, (8) 70% of the people involved in this scientific research work are young people. In some sentences, the prompt component is partial and appears at the end of the sentence, and the part corresponding to the name is the general part. For example, (9) there are five departments in liberal arts: Chinese, history, philosophy, economics and journalism. (10) There are three kinds of people here: those for, those against and those who are neutral. The main function of prompt components is to make sentences clear. Because there is a phonetic pause in front of it, and there are pronouns or other corresponding words in the sentence to refer to it again, what it represents is often more prominent. Sometimes, because of this sentence pattern, the tone is lively and the meaning is clear, as in Example (2). Some sentences use this sentence pattern to avoid delay and burdensome. In order to express the meaning accurately and carefully, sometimes a long modifier is needed, but if the modifier is too long or too complicated, it will delay the sentence. Therefore, under certain conditions, it is a better way to replace modifiers with hints. For example: (1 1) How can you just spoil the grain that farmers have worked so hard to grow? This sentence is better than "how can you just spoil the food that farmers have worked so hard to grow?" Prompt components cannot be subject-predicate phrases, otherwise they will become clauses in complex sentences. For example: (12) It is the law of natural and social development that the new ones will inevitably replace the decadent ones. (13) There are two ways to investigate, one is to look at the flowers at a glance, and the other is to dismount and look at the flowers. There are some words in two independent components and their functions, which are related to other components in structure and generally have flexible positions. This is an independent component. For example: (1) How are you, old comrade? The phone seems to have been repaired. The word "old comrade" in the example (1) and the word "as if" in the example (2) are independent components. Independent components are not necessary in structure, but they are not dispensable in ideographic sense. Independent components mainly have the following functions: (1) indicates greetings, responses or exclamations, usually expressed by nouns and exclamations. For example: (3) Brother Changlin and Sister Yu Cui, do you agree? (4) OK, it's so decided! Oh, my God, how strong you are! (2) To attract the attention of the other party is generally expressed by words such as "look, look, think and listen", for example: (6) Look, look, isn't this another batch of newly cut bamboo sliding down the mountain? (7) Comrades, think about it. How can a sick person like me make Laojin sacrifice at no cost? Listen, how clever these children are! Formally, the words "look, think and listen" in these sentences are very similar to clauses, but they are not. Because their positions are not fixed, they can be at the beginning of the sentence, at the end of the sentence, and some can be in the sentence, which has no arrangement or logical relationship with other clauses. The general terms are not like this. (3) Expressing speculation and estimation of the situation. It means to speculate on the situation with reservations. It is often expressed by words such as "it seems, looks, wants to come, looks, and may". Some people use "big, many" to estimate the situation, while others use "small, few" to estimate the situation. Often used "at most, big deal, talk less, talk less, talk less" and so on. For example: (9) It seems that some of our comrades still don't understand the democratic centralism mentioned by Marxism-Leninism. (10) Once upon a time, Andersen wrote a story called The Emperor's New Clothes, which many people wanted to read. (1 1) Auntie, maybe we will drive to the front line of Lanfeng these days. (12) Even so, only thirty plows can be used at most. What are thirty plows in the way? (13) I have seen cherry blossoms dozens of times. (4) The specific tone refers to the specific tone, mainly referring to the tone of affirmation and emphasis. Words such as "no doubt, no problem, needless to say, undeniable, honest, honest and good" are often used to express it. There is no doubt that we should criticize all kinds of wrong ideas. (15) Needless to say, both of them are as strong as the strings in the Bangzi opera. (16) To tell the truth, these achievements are all attributed to the Party. (17) To tell the truth, she looks down on Changlin even more. (18) Yes, stereotyped Party writing is common at home and abroad. (19) People who work hard and don't think are simply-to put it bluntly-like cows and horses. (5) The words "heard, said, passed down from generation to generation and reported" are often used to indicate the source of a certain news or situation. For example, (20) I heard that there are some provinces, prefectures and county committees, and there is such a situation that the first secretary always keeps his word. It is said that she also intends to write a novel about the atomic bomb. (6) Words such as "in a word, in a word, in a word, in a word" are often used to express the general meaning and play a connecting role in sentences. For example, (22) This is called the abolition of stereotyped foreign writing, but some comrades are actually advocating it. This is an empty and abstract turn to sing less, but some comrades insist on singing more. This place is called dogmatic rest, but some comrades tell it to get up. In short, many people turned a deaf ear to the report adopted by the Sixth Plenary Session, as if they were deliberately opposed. (23) To solve contradictions among the people, we should not use abusive words, fists or swords. Only discussion, reasoning, criticism and self-criticism can be used. In short, we can only use democratic methods to let the masses speak. (7) To express opinions and opinions on a certain issue, words such as "I think, I think, I think" are often used. For example, (24) We put forward the slogan of learning from foreign countries, which I think is correct. (25) I think an average of three acres of land is too much for one person. Only a few acres of land will be enough to eat in the future.