19 17 In June, New Youth published Hu Shi's My Humble Opinion on Literary Improvement. It advocates using vernacular Chinese instead of classical Chinese as real literature. After Hu Shi, Chen Duxiu clearly put forward the slogan of "literary revolution". In February, Chen Duxiu published "On Literary Revolution", opposing aristocratic literature, classical literature and mountain literature, and advocating national literature, realistic literature and social literature. Chen Duxiu's article is the official declaration of the literary revolution.