This trans-generational trip to the moon was rated as the greatest achievement of mankind in the 20th century by many media, and as the hero behind the moon landing program, Braun, then the chief engineer of the American moon landing program, also won great honor.
In the Soviet Union, which has always had the upper hand in the space race with the United States, the aviation industry is no longer beautiful. 1966 65438+ 10/4, korolev, the leader of the Soviet space program, died of overwork. At the age of 1969, Vasily Mishin, korolev's successor, made great efforts to develop the Soviet rocket N 1 to land on the moon, but all four test launches of the N 1 rocket failed, so the Soviet Union had to follow suit.
After the United States successfully landed on the moon, Wernher wernher von braun put forward a plan to land on Mars and build a space station on Mars. But by this time, the Soviet Union had given up landing on the moon, and the United States felt that there was no need to fight again. The Mars program was stillborn.
Since then, Braun pointed out that the universe is so vast that there is no need to engage in worthless space confrontation for vulgar nationalism and political ambitions, and in the near future, there may be a situation in which American and Soviet astronauts help each other.
1972, the US White House and the Soviet Kremlin announced at the same time that the two countries would cooperate in the space program. Once the news was released, it immediately caused an uproar. During the Cold War, the space field has always been an important battlefield for the two superpowers, and space technology is also the core secret of the two countries. Under the hard ice of the cold war, it is incredible that the United States and the Soviet Union should cooperate in the most sensitive space field.
At that time, the United States and the Soviet Union, which had been exploring space for many years, were faced with an urgent problem: how to provide rescue when the spacecraft had an accident in space? At Braun's suggestion, scientists from the two countries began to plan space cooperation. Kosygin, then prime minister of the Soviet Union, and Nixon, then president of the United States, became the staunchest supporters of this plan. According to the agreement, the United States and the Soviet Union plan to rendezvous and dock the American Apollo spacecraft with the Soviet Union spacecraft in 1975. In order to maintain this cooperation, the astronauts of the two countries need to fully trust each other.
But until the launch, the United States and the Soviet Union were still debating a question: after the spacecraft docked, who would open the hatch first and who would be the first guest. Finally, the two sides reached an agreement: American astronaut Stafford opened the hatch and shook hands with Soviet astronaut leonov there. In July 1975, the spacecraft of the two countries docked in space.
According to the plan, American astronaut Stafford knocked on the hatch, and Soviet astronaut leonov asked in English: Who is it? Stafford replied: one of our own. When the hatch opened, leonov grabbed the outstretched hand and put Stafford Della in his spaceship. During the two-day joint flight, the astronauts of the two countries successfully completed their tasks. Both the United States and the Soviet Union spoke highly of this cooperation, because it confirmed that science and technology have no national boundaries and gaps, and space exploration is the common cause of mankind.
The space race between the United States and the Soviet Union has created today's high-tech era and greatly promoted the progress of science and technology. The civilian products derived from its related technologies are also influencing and changing the lifestyle of human beings. Since the second half of the 20th century, the third scientific and technological revolution, represented by Internet, materials science, biomedicine and space technology, has swept the world, which is closely related to the scientific and technological legacy of the space race.
The most obvious is satellite communication. At present, there are more than 700 communication satellites in the world, covering most of the earth. Thanks to the signal from the communication satellite, we can watch the World Cup live on TV. Satellite navigation service has saved the world's road idiots. Even people with very strong ability to find their way will thank satellite navigation for making it easy for them to find the fastest route in a strange city.
During the Apollo program, in order to make the moon clear, NASA invested heavily in image enhancement technology. After the Apollo program, a series of digital image enhancement technologies were applied to the medical field, namely CT and MRI. In order to solve the urgent need of astronauts' spacewalk, the invented diaper saved countless young parents the trouble of washing diapers.
In fact, both the space race and space cooperation are far more than the high-tech competition of superpowers. Exploring the universe has also greatly improved life on earth. Exploring space provides a mirror for human beings to examine themselves, and it also breeds a series of new technologies. The achievements have enhanced human confidence and enterprising spirit, and made people believe that they have the ability to solve all kinds of severe tests and challenges they face.
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