According to this broad concept, PPP refers to allowing resources held by the non-public sector to participate in the provision of public goods and services in the process of cooperation between the public sector and the private sector, so as to obtain more favorable results than when the partners act alone.
Compared with BOT, the main characteristics of narrow sense PPP are that the government is more involved in the construction, management and operation process in the middle and late stage of the project, and enterprises are more involved in the scientific research and project establishment in the early stage of the project. Both the government and enterprises participate in the whole process, and the cooperation time between the two sides is longer and the information is more symmetrical.
Extended data:
Due to the different ideas and practical needs of different countries, different countries, regions and international organizations have not yet reached a * * * understanding of the connotation of PPP model. The Canadian PPP National Committee pointed out that PPP is a cooperative relationship between the public sector and the private sector, which mainly emphasizes risk sharing and benefit sharing between the public sector and the private sector.
The National PPP Committee of the United States believes that PPP is a public product providing method that is between outsourcing and privatization and combines the characteristics of both. It emphasizes the participation of the private sector, especially the investment and financing of the private sector from the perspective of project life cycle. Based on the above two viewpoints, according to China's national conditions and actual needs, this paper believes that the connotation of PPP mode should include at least one of the following three core elements.
Reference materials? Baidu encyclopedia -PPP