1862, American President Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation. However, after 100 years, most blacks in the United States still have not gained equality and freedom. They fought tirelessly for equal rights with white people.

1963 At the beginning of April, under the leadership of Dr. Martin Luther King and the Southern Christian Leaders' Congress, the black people in Birmingham ignited the struggle for freedom. They used demonstrations such as marches, petitions and sit-ins to demand the elimination of racial discrimination in shops, restaurants, schools and employment. But it was suppressed by local police authorities.

In early May, there was an incident in Birmingham where police used batons and police dogs to deal with unarmed demonstrators. It aroused the indignation of black people all over the country and the concern of domestic public opinion. Since then, civil rights protests have expanded rapidly. Due to the upsurge of the civil rights movement, President Kennedy proposed a relatively progressive civil rights bill, but it was opposed by conservatives.

When the Civil Rights Bill was debated in Congress, on August 28th, 1963, the American people began to March to Washington for jobs and freedom. More than 200,000 blacks and whites from 50 states held the largest demonstration in Washington. At 6:5438+0 1 in the morning, the parade started from the Washington Monument and divided into two columns, heading for the Lincoln Memorial. They put forward "immediate freedom", "we want to work" and "we will March immediately to become first-class citizens!" Wait for the slogan. Black leaders such as Martin Luther King and Philip Randolph spoke to the demonstrators. Washington's free March pushed the black movement to a new stage.