Primary school students' garbage classification knowledge 1. Primary school students' understanding of garbage classification
Domestic garbage can generally be divided into four categories: recyclable garbage, kitchen garbage, harmful waste and other garbage.
At present, the commonly used garbage disposal methods mainly include comprehensive utilization, sanitary landfill, incineration for power generation, composting and resource reuse. (1) Recyclable garbage: It mainly includes five categories: waste paper, plastic, glass, metal and cloth.
1. Waste paper: it mainly includes newspapers, periodicals, books, all kinds of wrapping paper, office paper, advertising paper, cartons, etc. However, it should be noted that paper towels and toilet paper are too water-soluble to be recycled. 2. Plastics: mainly including various plastic bags, plastic packaging, disposable plastic lunch boxes and tableware, toothbrushes, cups, mineral water bottles, toothpaste tubes, etc.
3. Glass: mainly includes various glass bottles, broken glass pieces, mirrors, light bulbs, thermos bottles, etc. 4. Metal objects: mainly include cans and cans.
5. Cloth: mainly includes discarded clothes, tablecloths, towels, schoolbags, shoes, etc. Through the comprehensive treatment and recovery of recyclable garbage, pollution is reduced and resources are saved.
If every 1 ton of waste paper is recycled, 850 kilograms of paper can be made, 300 kilograms of wood can be saved, and pollution is reduced by 74% compared with the same output; Every 1 ton plastic beverage bottle can recover 0.7 tons of secondary raw materials; Every recovered 1 ton of scrap steel can produce 0.9 tons of steel, which saves 47% of the cost compared with ore smelting, reduces air pollution by 75%, and reduces water pollution and solid waste by 97%.
2. What are the tips for garbage sorting?
Benefits of garbage sorting
The benefits of garbage sorting are obvious. After sorting, the garbage is sent to the factory instead of landfill, which not only saves land, but also avoids the pollution caused by landfill or incineration, and can also turn waste into treasure. For example, waste batteries called "mini killers" all contain heavy metals such as mercury or cadmium. If these heavy metals are left underground, they can easily leach into groundwater through rainwater, causing serious persecution to water resources and land. The waste battery contains a variety of useful metal minerals, and its recycling value is very high. It is precisely because of the serious harm and special recycling value of waste batteries that many countries prohibit them from being mixed with garbage. Japanese communities have this kind of yellow bucket, which separates button cell from others. Another example is biological waste such as leftover lettuce and eggshell skin, and kitchen waste such as picked Chinese cabbage leaves, but they can all be used as good organic fertilizers. Like this big nano-dream biological waste processor in Huaibai community, biological waste can be dried and crushed to make efficient organic fertilizer. Residents can use it to grow flowers and grass. Compared with fertilizer food, vegetables grown with them are safe and healthy, and are quite popular in supermarkets. Biological waste usually accounts for 40% of the total waste. If all of them can be turned into organic fertilizers, it can not only save land for landfill, but also save vehicles and energy for transporting them and prevent them from breeding mosquitoes, flies and bacteria.
So garbage sorting has many advantages.
Introduce the environmental protection classified trash can.
Generally speaking, the common environmentally-friendly classified trash cans are divided into green, yellow and red.
Green is used to put recyclable garbage, recyclable garbage: paper, plastic, rubber, metal, glass and so on.
Yellow is non-recyclable garbage, non-recyclable garbage: mainly kitchen garbage, including peels and vegetables.
Skin, leftovers, etc.
Red toxic and hazardous wastes: batteries, fluorescent tubes, mercury thermometers,
Paint bucket, medicine, cosmetics, etc.
Slogans about garbage sorting
1. Garbage sorting has many benefits, and environmental protection depends on you and me. Please find a suitable home for garbage.
3. To turn waste into treasure, classified recycling is indispensable. If everyone has a classified heart, garbage can also be turned into gold. 5. Garbage sorting is easy.
6. If the garbage is divided, the environment will be beautiful.
7. Simple and sustainable sources of resources.
8. Throw away the "white pollution" and turn it into a "white resource". Cultivate civilized dining habits and reduce kitchen waste 10. Garbage children should be separated and live and work in peace.
3. Common sense of garbage classification
Judging from the classification methods of municipal solid waste at home and abroad, it is generally classified according to the composition and output of garbage, combined with the resource utilization and treatment methods of local garbage.
For example, Germany is generally divided into paper, glass, metal, plastic, etc. Australia is generally divided into compostable garbage, recyclable garbage and non-recyclable garbage; Japan is generally divided into combustible garbage, nonflammable garbage, and so on. At present, domestic garbage in China can be roughly divided into four categories: recyclable garbage, kitchen garbage, harmful waste and other garbage.
At present, the commonly used garbage disposal methods mainly include comprehensive utilization, sanitary landfill, incineration for power generation, composting and resource reuse. Recyclable garbage mainly includes waste paper, plastic, glass, metal and cloth.
Kitchen waste includes food waste such as leftovers, bones, vegetable roots, leaves and peels. Hazardous wastes include waste batteries, waste fluorescent tubes, waste water silver thermometers, expired drugs, etc. These wastes need special safety treatment. Other wastes include brick and tile ceramics, muck, toilet waste paper, paper towels and other wastes that are difficult to recycle. Sanitary landfill can effectively reduce the pollution of groundwater, surface water, soil and air.
4. What are the tips for garbage sorting?
Personally, I think it is more convenient to have several sorting barrels at home for garbage sorting.
Garbage classification is a reform of traditional garbage collection and disposal methods and a scientific management method for effective garbage disposal. It is one of the urgent concerns of all countries in the world to maximize the utilization of garbage resources, reduce the amount of garbage disposal and improve the quality of living environment through garbage classification management.
What is garbage sorting? Garbage classification is a reform of traditional garbage collection and disposal methods and a scientific management method for effective garbage disposal. Through classified input and classified collection, useful substances such as paper, plastic, rubber, glass, bottles, metals and waste household appliances are separated from garbage for recycling, turning waste into treasure.
Why do you need garbage sorting? By collecting garbage by classification, it is easy to classify different kinds of garbage. It can not only improve the utilization level of garbage resources, but also reduce the amount of garbage treatment.
Garbage sorting has the following advantages. 1. Reduce the floor space: classify the garbage, remove recyclable and refractory substances, and reduce the amount of garbage by more than 50%.
2. Reduce environmental pollution: Waste batteries contain toxic substances such as metallic mercury, which causes serious harm to human beings. Waste plastics in soil will reduce crop yield, so recycling can reduce harm. 3. Waste is valuable: There are 3 billion plastic fast food boxes and 500-600 million instant noodle bowls in China every year, and waste plastic accounts for 3%-7% of domestic garbage.
One ton of waste plastics can recycle 600 kilograms of unleaded gasoline and diesel oil. Recycling 65,438+0,500 tons of waste paper eliminates the need to cut down trees that produce 65,438+0,200 tons of paper.
Therefore, garbage recycling is both environmentally friendly and resource-saving. How to classify garbage? This can be classified as follows.
Recyclable garbage mainly consists of waste paper, plastic, glass, metal and cloth. Waste paper: mainly includes newspapers, periodicals, books, various wrapping papers, office paper, advertising paper, cartons and so on. But paper towels and toilet paper are too strong to be reused.
Because it is water-soluble. Plastics: mainly include all kinds of plastic bags, plastic packaging, disposable plastic lunch boxes and tableware, toothbrushes, cups, mineral water bottles, toothpaste, etc.
Glass: mainly includes all kinds of glass bottles, broken glass, mirrors, light bulbs, water heaters and so on. Metal: mainly includes canned food, canned food, etc.
Dough: mainly includes waste clothes, tablecloths, towels, schoolbags, shoes, etc. 2. Domestic garbage contains food residues such as leftovers, bones, vegetable roots and peels.
According to biotechnology, it can be processed on site and can produce 0.3 tons of organic fertilizer per ton. 3. Hazardous wastes include waste batteries, waste fluorescent lamps, waste water silver thermometers, expired drugs, etc., which need special safety treatment.
4. Other wastes include bricks and tiles, residual soil, toilet paper, paper towels and other wastes that are difficult to recycle. Sanitary landfill can effectively reduce the pollution of groundwater, surface water, soil and air. D. Misunderstanding of garbage classification.
5. Poor knowledge of garbage classification
Garbage classification knowledge
In Germany, littering is very particular. If you accidentally throw it in the wrong place, the whole community may suffer. Since 2002, I have been studying in Germany for a master's degree in environmental engineering. After school, I also worked in a garbage recycling company. Personally, I feel that Germans attach importance to environmental protection.
It took me a month to figure out how to throw garbage.
Germany's garbage recovery rate ranks first in Europe, and its garbage classification system is also very complicated.
Domestic waste can be divided into five categories: organic waste, recyclable packaging, paper, glass products and batteries. Different garbage is collected by different trash cans. For the convenience of collection, trash cans are often placed in different places. After I found a house in Germany, the first thing I did was to ask my neighbors how to throw garbage correctly. It took me a whole month to fully understand.
There are few open garbage bins, and they are basically slide-type designs. When throwing garbage, push the lid away, and the lid will automatically return to its original position after it is released. This has two advantages: first, prevent rainwater from falling into the box and turn the trash can into a water tank. Secondly, odor escape can be reduced.
Trash cans and plastic bags on the street are generally divided into yellow and blue. The former collects recyclable garbage such as paper packaging, while the latter accommodates domestic garbage such as peels.
The trash can in the kitchen is generally required to be covered with blue plastic bags, leftovers, melon peels, fruit scraps and so on. Usually left here. When the bag is full, tie a knot and carry it to the designated place outside the house. As soon as the cleaner saw the color of plastic bags, he knew how to sort them.
For organic waste (food, etc. ), Germany usually incinerates or buries it, but since 2005, the EU has banned landfill of organic waste. Incineration pollution is small, and heat can be used to generate electricity or heat. There is usually a green box next to the organic trash can, which is where the paper is thrown. Unwanted waste paper, newspapers, magazines, books and so on are thrown there.
However, it should be noted that cartons and cartons cannot be thrown in. Because it belongs to recyclable packaging, it should be thrown into a special yellow plastic bag. China people who have just arrived in Germany often don't know this. This kind of plastic bag with eye-catching recyclable logo can be obtained free of charge at the nearest post office and supermarket. Other recyclable packaging, such as cans, plastic boxes, etc. You can put it in this bag as long as the material is printed with a recyclable sign.
Every supermarket in Germany has boxes for collecting used batteries. Glass bottles and glass bottles are thrown into different bins according to their colors. Usually, the cabinets of glass products are in groups of three, and there are eye-catching color signs on the boxes: brown, green, transparent and colorless, reminding you not to throw them wrong.
If we do it again, we won't come again.
The vast majority of Germans support Germany's complicated garbage classification. A friend of mine is studying in Dresden University. He said that when he first arrived in Germany, he lived in a student apartment. Because he didn't have this habit in China, he mixed up the garbage and threw it out. One day, he saw the dormitory administrator wearing gloves to open his discarded garbage bags for reclassification, which shocked him and made him ashamed.
If you don't follow these rules, trouble will come to you. Once, I worked in a garbage recycling company and went to a community with my colleagues. A German colleague opened a yellow plastic bag marked recyclable and found a large group of moldy flour inside. Because the flour was too heavy, it broke the plastic bag and spilled it all over the floor. According to the regulations, flour should be packed in a blue bag. Soon, the staff posted a warning sign at the gate of the community to the effect that someone in your community littered and made a mistake. Now let's issue the first warning. If we do it again, we won't come again.
According to the Germans, once it happens for the second time, the garbage recycling company will punish the whole community, and the community managers will spend a lot of energy to coordinate, so everyone is extra careful.
The salary of cleaners in Germany is generally 12 euros per hour, about 3,000 euros a month, which is not lower than that of office white-collar workers. (Source/Urban Express)
6. Ask for some knowledge of garbage classification
Recyclable waste
It mainly includes waste paper, plastic, glass, metal, cloth and so on. Waste paper: mainly includes newspapers, periodicals, books, various wrapping papers, office paper, advertising paper, cartons and so on. However, it should be noted that paper towels and toilet paper are too water soluble to be recycled. Plastics: mainly include all kinds of plastic bags, plastic packaging, disposable plastic lunch boxes and tableware, toothbrushes, cups, mineral water bottles, toothpaste skins, etc. Glass: mainly includes all kinds of glass bottles, broken glass pieces, mirrors, light bulbs, thermos bottles and so on. Metal objects: mainly including cans, cans, etc. Cloth: mainly includes discarded clothes, tablecloths, towels, schoolbags, shoes, etc. Comprehensive treatment and recycling can reduce pollution and save resources. If every 1 ton of waste paper is recycled, 850 kilograms of paper can be made, 300 kilograms of wood can be saved, and pollution is reduced by 74% compared with the same output; Every 1 ton plastic beverage bottle can recover 0.7 tons of secondary raw materials; Every recovered 1 ton of scrap steel can produce 0.9 tons of steel, which saves 47% of the cost compared with ore smelting, reduces air pollution by 75%, and reduces water pollution and solid waste by 97%.
kitchen waste
Including leftovers, bones, roots, leaves, peels and other food wastes, can produce 0.3 tons of organic fertilizer per ton by in-situ composting with biotechnology.
hazardous waste
Including waste batteries, waste fluorescent tubes, waste water silver thermometers, expired drugs, etc. These wastes need special safety treatment.
other waste
Brick and tile ceramics, muck, toilet waste paper, paper towels and other wastes that are difficult to recycle. According to the characteristics of garbage, it is usually treated by incineration or landfill.
7. What are the tips for garbage sorting?
1. If you have a child at home, play a small game of garbage sorting with him, prepare a mini-sized sorting bucket and garbage cards, and learn to distinguish garbage in the game interaction.
2. Develop the habit of sorting garbage at will in life, prepare trash cans of different formats and classify environmentally-friendly garbage bags, throw notes at random, and slowly learn to sort garbage.
3, the concept of garbage classification:
Determine whether it can be recycled, such as paper, plastic, metal, wood, etc., which belongs to recyclable garbage. Among them, dirty paper towels are dry garbage. To determine whether he is harmful waste, drugs, light bulbs, hair dyes, batteries and so on all belong to harmful waste.
4, dry and wet classification, wet garbage is garbage that can be degraded and reused, the remaining vegetable shells in the kitchen and so on. Toilet paper, diapers, plastic bags, big bones and so on are all dry garbage.
5, remember some common sense: cosmetics belong to dry garbage, pet feces can be directly washed into the toilet. Cat food and tofu cat litter belong to wet garbage.
6. Teach you a formula to help you remember the garbage classification. "Pigs can eat wet garbage, pigs don't eat dry garbage, pigs will die if they eat it, and all those who can buy pigs are recyclable garbage."