When looking at the sea in the Eastern Han Dynasty, Cao Cao looked at the sea facing the eastern Jieshi. Go back and follow it? Out of Qilu, green peaks can still be seen.
I heard that Wang Changling moved to the Longbiao kiln on the left, and gave the news to Xiao Guanqi. I pulled out my dagger and I peeked at the four roads for nothing! There are many roads. I want to cross the Yellow River, but the ice blocked the ferry and Huayang was crying.
Wang Chun (Tang Dynasty) Du Fu "A leopard cannot change his spots, but a leopard cannot change his spots.". Sad state, can not help but burst into tears, amazing birds, leaving sorrow and hate.
The war lasted for more than half a year, and letters from home were rare, with a hundred thousand gold. Twisting with melancholy, scratching my head and thinking, the more I scratch my white hair, I can hardly insert a hairpin.
The hut was broken by the autumn wind, and the autumn wind roared in August (há o); Star Han is brilliant, if it comes out, it will protect the poor in the world, and there is no wind to stir my lonely sail. ... night now gives way to the ocean of the sun.
Fortunately, by chance, the songs of singing volunteers and birds are flying around in front of my eyes. , road resistance and right; Go upstream and downstream. Drinking in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Tao Yuanming and building a house were human, and there was no noise of horses and chariots.
What can you do? Leave Hansel! It's hard to go.
How magnificent the scenery of Du Fu's holy mountain in the Moon Hall is! , the road resistance is long; Go upstream and downstream. There is no dry place in the bedside table.
The desert is lonely and smoky. After the funeral (sāng), sleep less, return to the lake, and cross the five streams.
It is difficult to walk, the road is blocked and embarrassing; Go upstream and downstream. Finally, I can send my messenger, Wild Goose, back to Luoyang.
Let Wang want to ask about the bike. He wants to be in the middle of the water. Go home.
The trees are full of trees, the grass is abundant, the rain is like hemp, and the food is ten thousand yuan. I threw away my food bar and cup. I chóng't eat or drink. It's hard to go. With the wind, I swam in the water until Yelangxi, rolling triple hairs in my house.
Hair flew over the river and sprinkled on the periphery of the river. The tallest one hangs at the top of the forest, juàn, cháng, but I suddenly dreamed of driving a boat and sailing towards the sun, and now he is here. Hey, hey! The wind and rain are as calm as a mountain, and the children * * * are stained with towels, and the Millennium cream.
The so-called Iraqis are on the water side. They are all in Ran Yan.
Once you climb to the top of the mountain, you will see it. The price of pure wine, gold cup, 10 thousand copper coins for a hip flask.
We said goodbye to each other sadly, and it was also a formal tour. After all, the world is just a small place.
Doing nothing on the road (qí), standing opposite is a thief (wéi). I openly carried Mao into the bamboo forest, and my lips were so dry that I couldn't breathe. When I came back, I sighed on crutches.
In a blink of an eye (qǐng), the wind gathers clouds and ink, and the autumn is bleak and dark. Q and n have been as cold as iron for many years, and the old year melted into the clear spring.
Caiyun lave? Free and easy in my chest. The children in Nancun bullied me, and the book of songs became popular in Qin Feng.
That makes sense. I forgot what I wanted to say. Du Shaofu served as Zhou Shushu's emissary, Wang Bocheng Que (què) assisted Sanqin, and Taihang Mountain covered the snow.
The creator endowed all the mysterious nature here with elegance. Come back from it, the Millennium is not over.
The so-called Iraqis are in the water, and? One day immediately enters the dawn and dusk .. The water is flowing, the mountain island is standing, the charming children are lying on their feet, and the people below are floating in the pond (oh)! There are thousands of buildings in Ande, which are still there for thousands of years.
The so-called Iraqis are in the water. I am worried about the bright moon.
Picking chrysanthemums under the east fence, you can see Nanshan leisurely. The mountainous area is getting better every day.
Under the blue mountain, we meandered forward, anchored at the foot of Beibao Mountain, and my boat and I followed the green water. Until the tide ebbs, the bank widens and Wan is still in the water.
Jia Cai, straight to Yun Fan, the bridge is deep in the sea. On the trip to the sun and the moon, unexpectedly, the long river sets the yen, the birds return, and the jade plate is precious and ashamed (the same as the "plate"), so it is a country that has lived for a long time.
I will sit on a fishing rod and lazily lean against the stream. How can you get wet in the long night? The movement of the sun and the moon seems to come from the vast ocean.
2. The new curriculum standard of junior middle school Chinese requires memorizing classical Chinese [with content].
The Book of Songs, National Style and Qin Feng
The Millennium is frost. The so-called Iraqis are on the water side. Tracing back from it, the road resistance is long; Swim back from it, in the middle of the water
It's been a long time, and it hasn't changed for thousands of years. The so-called Iraqis are in the water. Tracing back from it, the road is blocked and embarrassing; Swim back from the inside and swim in the water.
Jia Cai, peace and prosperity have not passed. The so-called Iraqis are in the water. Tracing back from it, the road is blocked and right; Swim back from the inside and swim in the water.
See the boundless ocean
Cao Cao in the Eastern Han Dynasty
On the east coast, climb Jieshi Mountain to see the vast sea. The sea is so vast that the islands stand high on the sea. Trees and paraquat are very lush. Autumn wind makes trees make sad sounds, and the sea is surging. The movement of the sun and the moon seems to come from the vast ocean. A trip to the sun and the moon, if unexpected; Han is a talented star, if you take him by surprise. I am glad to use this poem to express my inner desire.
Drink wine/alcohol
Tao Yuanming in the Eastern Jin Dynasty
Building a house is human, and there are no horses and chariots. What can you do? The heart is far from being self-centered. Picking chrysanthemums under the east fence, you can see Nanshan leisurely. The mountains are getting better and better, and the birds are back. That makes sense. I forgot what I wanted to say.
Du Shaofu was appointed Zhou Shu.
[Tang] Wang Bo
Què assisted Sanqin to make one of the five rivers through a fog.
We said goodbye to each other sadly. He is also an official tourist of huàn 'an.
After all, the world is just a small place.
Doing nothing is on the wrong path, and the child * * * is stained with towels.
A berth at the foot of Gubei Mountain.
Under the blue mountain, my boat and I meandered along the green water.
Until the river bank widens at low tide, and no wind blows my lonely sail.
... night gives way to the ocean of the sun, and the old year melts in freshness.
Finally, I can send my messenger, Wild Goose, back to Luoyang.
Go to the frontier to carry out tasks
Wangweitang
Riding a bike to visit the border and passing through Juyan County.
Pengpeng also floated out of Korea, and the geese heading north also flew into the sky.
The vast desert is lonely, and the Yellow River sets the yen.
I heard that Wang Changling left and moved to Longbiaoyao to deliver this.
When Xiao Guan was waiting to ride, Huayang fell to the ground and Wen Daolong crossed Wuxiguan.
I entrust my sad thoughts to the moon, hoping to accompany you to the west of Yelang. They are all in Ran Yan.
Pure wine is expensive, a gold cup with 10,000 copper coins and a hip flask, and a jade plate with shame (like "a dish" and delicious food) is worth 10,000 yuan.
Hard road
I threw the food bar and cup aside. I couldn't eat or drink. I pulled out my dagger. I peeped in four directions in vain.
I want to cross the Yellow River, but ice will block the ferry and Taihang Mountain will be covered with snow.
I will sit on a fishing rod and lean lazily by the stream, but I suddenly dream of sailing a boat towards the sun.
Travel is hard. Travel is hard. Don't go astray! Where to go today.
One day, I will ride the wind and waves, raise the Yun Fan and cross the sea.
Wang yue
Du fu in Tang dynasty
What a magnificent scenery Mount Tai is! Out of Qilu, green peaks can still be seen.
The magical nature brings together thousands of beautiful mountains in the south and the separation between morning and dusk in the north.
Caiyun lave? My mind is free and easy, and birds fly back and forth in front of my nervous eyes. ..
Try to climb to the top of the mountain: it dwarfs all the peaks under our feet.
spring scenery
Du Fu (Tang Dynasty)
Chang' an fell, the country was broken, and only the mountains and rivers remained; Spring has come, and the sparsely populated Chang' an city is densely forested.
Sad state, can not help but burst into tears, amazing birds, leaving sorrow and hate.
The war lasted for more than half a year, and letters from home were rare, with a hundred thousand gold.
Twisting with melancholy, scratching my head and thinking, the more I scratch my white hair, I can hardly insert a hairpin.
The autumn wind broke the hut.
In the autumn of August, the wind howled (háo) and swept my triple grass. Hair flew over the river and sprinkled on the periphery of the river. The highest one hangs on the top of the forest (juàn) and the dragon (cháng), while the lower one floats to Shen.
The children in Nancun bully me, but they can stand being (wéi) thieves. I openly carried Mao into the bamboo forest, and my lips were so dry that I couldn't breathe. When I came back, I sighed on crutches.
In a blink of an eye (qǐng), the wind gathers clouds and ink, and the autumn is bleak and dark. For many years, qón has been as cold as iron, and Joule is lying in bed, and his body is about to crack. There is no dry place in the bedside table, and the feet are numb with rain. Since the funeral (sāng), I haven't slept much and I can't get wet all night!
There are tens of millions of buildings in Ande, which makes all the poor people in the world very happy! The wind and rain do not move! Alas, I suddenly saw this house, and it was enough for me to freeze to death alone!
3. What are the classical Chinese required in the curriculum standards? 1. Confucius said, "It's okay to learn from time to time." Is it not delightful to have friends coming from distant quarters? Ignorance and dissatisfaction are not gentlemen? Confucius said, "Reviewing the past and learning the new can be a teacher. "
Confucius said, "Learning without thinking is useless, and thinking without learning is dangerous." Zi Gong asked, "Why did Confucius call it Wen?" Confucius said, "I am quick and eager to learn, and I am not ashamed to ask questions. It is called' Wen'."
Confucius said, "It is not good for me to learn without being silent, to learn without being tired, and to teach without being tired!" Confucius said: "In a threesome, there must be a teacher. Choose good and follow it, and change it if it is evil. " -"The Analects of Confucius Six Classics" (1) Ceng Zi said: "I said three provinces-being unfaithful to others? Don't believe in making friends? Can't you learn? " (2) Confucius said, "If you see the sage Si Qi, you will be introspective if you don't see the sage."
(3) Zi Gong asked: "Who has a word that can be done all his life?" Confucius said, "I forgive you! Don't do to others what you don't want. " (4) Ceng Zi said, "Scholars have a long way to go to strive for self-improvement."
(5) Confucius said: "Being rich and expensive is what people want, and they can't get it if they have no way. Poverty and meanness are human evils. You won't go unless you get them their way. "
(6) Zi Gong asked the gentleman. Confucius said, "Speak before you act."
(7) Confucius said: "A gentleman's adult beauty is not an adult's evil. The villain is the opposite. "
(8) Confucius said: "Being rich is self-seeking. Although you are the person who carries out the policy, I will do it. If you can't get it, just do as I say. "
(9) I heard Shao Zaiqi, but I don't know the meat in March. He said, "I don't want to be happy. It's better this way." (10) (point) said: "Mo Chun, the spring clothes have been finished, and the champion is five or six, and the boy is six or seven. Bath is almost a deduction, the wind is dancing, singing and returning.
The master sighed: "I brought some!" " "-"Ten Analects of Confucius "2. The fish I want is also Mengzi fish, I want it, bear's paw, I want it; You can't have your cake and eat it. You can't have your cake and eat it. Life is what I want, and righteousness is what I want; You can't have both, and you have to sacrifice your life for righteousness.
Life is what I want. I want it more than the living, so I don't want it. If there is nothing more in disgust than death, what can be done to avoid evil that can be used to escape evil? What people want is nothing more than life. Why not use people who can live? If people are more evil than the dead, why not treat patients who can get rid of them? Born with it, born without it; If you are right, you can make trouble by doing nothing.
A bowl of rice, a bowl of soup, you can live if you get it, but you will starve if you don't get it. But with disdain to drink and eat, hungry pedestrians are unwilling to accept it; Kick others' food with their feet, and beggars will not accept it.
The senior official accepted it without distinguishing whether it was appropriate or not. Call it, and the people in the street will be blessed; Begging for help is too much.
Is it for the splendor of the house, the service of my wives and the poor people who know how to appreciate me? For the beauty of the palace, the matter of wives and concubines, the poor have me and you? Hometown is free from physical death, and today is the beauty of the palace; Hometown is not subject to physical death, and now it is regarded as a wife and concubine; I don't want to die in my hometown, but now I want to do it for the poor and needy: yes or no? This is called the loss of humanity. 3. Born in sorrow and died in happiness, Meng was born in an acre of land, raised in the space between buildings, glued in fish and salt, Guan Yiwu raised in a scholar, Sun Shuai 'ao raised in the sea, and Baili raised in the city.
Therefore, when the sky falls, people must first suffer their minds, their bones and muscles, starve their bodies, empty their bodies, and mess around. Therefore, patience has benefited them a lot. People are unchangeable, and then they can change; Trapped in the heart, balanced in consideration, and then made; Color label, sound hair, and then metaphor.
A country, if there are no ministers and wise men who can assist the king, will often be in danger of the collapse of its neighboring countries and the misfortunes from abroad. In this way, you will know that sorrow is enough to make people live and pleasure is enough to make people die.
4. Ten years after the battle of Cao Gui's Zuo Zhuan, Qi Shi attacked me. Duke Zhuang is going to fight.
The king asked to see Lord Zhuang. His fellow countryman said, "People in power will plan this. Why do you want to participate?" ? ""Those in power are short-sighted and unable to think deeply, "Cao Gui said."
Then they went to the court to see the duke. "What are you fighting for?" Cao Gui asked. Zhuang Gong said, "I never dared to know what to eat and wear. I must give it to the ministers around me. "
Cao Gui replied: "This little kindness cannot be extended to the people, and the people will not obey you." Duke Zhuang said, "I never dare to exaggerate the number of pigs, sheep, jade articles, silks, etc. for sacrifice. I must tell God the truth."
Cao Gui said: "Mix's credit cannot be trusted by the gods, and the gods will not bless you." . "ZhuangGong said," even if you can't see all the lawsuits in Mix, I must also be based on facts. "
Yes: "Loyalty belongs to you. You can go to war.
Please pay attention to this war. "Public by it.
Fight for a long spoon. Zhuang Gongzheng wants to order drums.
"Not now," said Cao Gui. "Wait until after Qi Jun drummed three times.
Cao Gui said, "You can play the drums." . "Qi Jun was completely defeated.
Their duke ordered the horse to be chased by the horse. "Not now," said Cao Gui. "
Look down upon; Deng Shi looked at it and said, "Yes." So, the pursuit of Qi Jun was pursued.
After winning, the king asked him why he won. He said: "It takes courage to fight.
High spirits, then decline, three exhausted. I am tired, I am surplus, so I will overcome it.
Great powers are unpredictable and frightening. I regard it as chaos and look at its flag, so I chase it. "
5. Zou Ji satirized coachable's Warring States policy. Zou Ji is more than eight feet tall, but his appearance is not good. Get up in the morning, dress up, look in the mirror and say to his wife, "I am better than Xu Gong in the north of the city. Who is more beautiful? " ? "His wife said," you are very beautiful. How does Gong compare with you? "Xugong in the north of the city is the most beautiful man in Qi.
Zou Ji didn't believe himself and asked his concubine, "Who is more beautiful than Xu Gong?" ? My concubine said, how can it be as good as you Gong? On Sunday, the guest came from outside, chatted with him and asked him, "Which is more beautiful, Xugong or me?" The guest said, "Xugong is not as beautiful as you." . "..." Xu Gong will come tomorrow and thinks he is inferior. Look at yourself in the mirror, as far as the horizon.
Thinking about it at dusk, I said, "My wife is beautiful and I am private; The beauty of my concubine is afraid of me; The beauty of the guest is me, I want my things. " So he went to the court to see Wang Wei and said, "I sincerely know that Xu Hongmei is not as good as Xu Hongmei.
My wife is a private minister, my concubine is afraid of me, and everything my guests want is more beautiful than Xu Gong. Today, the land is thousands of miles away and there are 120 cities. Palace ladies are private kings, and court officials are not afraid of kings. They all want the king to be within their four borders: from this point of view, the king is very protected. "
Qi Weiwang said, "You speak very well!" ! "He ordered:" Whoever can stab me in the face will be rewarded; There will be a reward for those who write and exhort me; Those who can slander the city and hear my ears will be rewarded. "
At the beginning of the stage, the ministers remonstrated and the door was crowded; After a few months, from time to time; Years later, although I wanted to talk, I couldn't get in. Yan, Zhao, Han and Wei are all Qi people.
This is the imperial court, and there is no need to use war to defeat the enemy. 6. The model initiated by Zhuge Liang is not half, but the middle road collapses; Today's three points, Yizhou exhausted disadvantages, this is also the key autumn.
However, the minister of the guard was obsessed with the inside, but his ambition of loyalty was forgotten outside: Gai Zhui met the former emperor and wanted to report to your majesty. If you are sincere, you should listen to the holy spirit, with the light of the legacy of the first emperor and the spirit of the people; It is inappropriate to belittle yourself, quote nonsense and make jokes.
4. Definition of the new curriculum standard of junior middle school Chinese Interpretation of the new curriculum standard of junior middle school Chinese "Chinese curriculum standard of full-time compulsory education" (experimental draft) was promulgated by the people of China and the Ministry of Education in July, 2006. As a result, new textbooks with multiple versions based on the Curriculum Standards came into being.
For example, the new textbooks of People's Education Society, Chinese Publishing House, Jiangsu Education Publishing House and Hebei Institute of Educational Science, and so on. This is a great event for our junior middle school Chinese teacher.
Many new educational ideas and new teaching principles are embodied in curriculum standards and new textbooks. Therefore, it has become a major event for our junior middle school Chinese teaching to learn, grasp and embody the ideas in the curriculum standards in our Chinese classroom teaching.
Of course, some teachers will think that it will take several years for the curriculum standards to be implemented, and now I can teach according to the syllabus. This idea is wrong.
Because many ideas in the curriculum standards have penetrated into the current Chinese teaching; Moreover, curriculum standards represent the direction of Chinese teaching reform in recent years. Below, I will talk to the teachers about my experience in learning the curriculum standards.
Chinese curriculum standards are divided into four parts. Part I: Preface; The second part: curriculum objectives; The third part: implementation suggestions; Part IV: Appendix.
This standard is consistent for nine years, and the nine years from primary school to junior high school graduation are divided into four periods. Part I: Preface.
In the preface, firstly, it discusses the requirements of modern society for citizens, which is the responsibility of Chinese teaching. "Modern society requires citizens to have good humanities literacy, innovative spirit, cooperative consciousness and open vision, and have many basic abilities including reading comprehension, expression and communication, as well as the ability to collect and process information by using modern technology."
Our Chinese teaching is to work hard in this direction. The general part also discusses the principles of formulating curriculum standards.
One of the most fundamental principles is "guided by Marxism and scientific educational theory". The first part of the preface discusses the "curriculum nature and status" of Chinese.
"Chinese is the most important communication tool and an important part of human culture. The unity of instrumentality and humanism is the basic feature of Chinese curriculum.
Here I want to emphasize a problem. Chinese is a communication tool, and the content of communication belongs to the cultural category. Therefore, Chinese is an important part of human culture.
Chinese class should affect students' emotional attitude, improve their cultural taste and aesthetic taste, and improve their aesthetic ability. Among them, literature education should be emphasized, and the task of Chinese class can't be completely completed only by reading, writing and practical writing of Chinese.
Literature education plays a unique role in influencing students' emotional attitude, improving their cultural taste and aesthetic taste, and improving their aesthetic ability. Let's start with two controversial issues: "instrumental" and "humanistic".
The basic connotation of "instrumentality" is related to scientism that rose at the end of 19 and the beginning of the 20th century, and it is based on utilitarian scientific view. Regarding the nature of Chinese subject, it was undoubtedly of positive significance to put forward "instrumentality" at that time, and it still has its practical significance today.
However, the one-sided emphasis on "instrumentality" has indeed had a considerable negative impact, so the linguists have reflected on this and put forward the slogan of "humanity". Looking at the global education field, the debate between scientism and humanism has never stopped for more than half a century in the 20th century.
The dispute between two major ideological trends abroad and the dispute between "instrumentality" and "humanism" of China's education is an inevitable phenomenon when society and education have developed to a certain period. "Instrumentality" focuses on the practical function and characteristics of Chinese courses to cultivate students' Chinese application ability, while "Humanism" focuses on the cultural function and characteristics of humanities courses that influence students' thoughts and feelings.
In fact, the characteristics of these two aspects of Chinese curriculum are unified. The unity of science and humanity, and the unity of instrumentality and humanity can all become people's knowledge.
5. What are the 64 articles (senior high school 14, junior high school 50) required by the new curriculum standard? (1) 50 Chinese curriculum standards for compulsory education are recommended. Grade 9 (50 articles) 1. Ten Analects of Confucius II. Fish is what I want and Mencius 3. Born of worry, 4. Cao Gui argues Zuo Zhuan 5. Zou Ji satirized Wang Qi's Warring States Policy 6. Teacher Zhuge Liang 7. Tao Qian Peach Blossom Garden. Three Gorges Li Daoyuan 9. Miscellaneous Notes (4) Han Yu 10. Xiaoshitang Liu Zongyuan 1 1. Liu Yuxi 12. Fan Zhongyan of Yueyang Tower. Night tour of Su Shi 15. Ailian said Zhou Dunyi 16. Send dongyang horse (excerpt) song Lian 17. Guan Yu's Book of Songs 18. Jian Peijun (Jian Peijun). Under the lonely mountain (under the blue mountain, we meander forward) Wang Wan 23. Rush to the frontier (bike wants to ask) Wang Wei 24. I heard that Wang Changling moved to Longbiao Kiln, and this news came (Huayang fell to the ground). It's hard to go (pure wine fee, for a golden cup, 10 thousand copper coins for a hip flask) Li Bai 26. Wang Yue (the grandeur of Mount Tai! ) Du Fu 27. Wang Chun (a leopard cannot change his spots) Du Fu 28. The hut was broken by the autumn wind. In early spring, I was a member of the Ministry of Water Resources, Zhang Shiba (Tian Yurun) and Han Yu 3 1. I was given a gift at the first meeting in Yangzhou (the desolate place of Bashan and Chushui). Liu Yuxi was thirty-two years old. I saw Mai (Tian Jia seldom says) and Bai Juyi 33. Spring Tour of Qiantang Lake (North Jiating West of Gushan Temple), Bai Juyi 34. Yanmen animal husbandry 37. A note to a friend in the north on a rainy night (Wen Jun's return date is undetermined) Li Shangyin 38. Untitled (it was a long time before I met her, but it was longer after we separated) Li Shangyin 39. Yinghuan (nothing to say when going to the West Building alone) Li Yu 40. Fisherman's Pride (Scenery in Qiu Lai) Fan Zhongyan 4 1. Huanxisha (a new song and a glass of wine) Yan Shu 42. Deng Feilaifeng (Feilaifeng) Su Shi 45. Tour Shanxi Village (Xiao Mo Farmhouse Wine Mix) Land Tour 46. Get out of the queue (watch the drunken sword) Xin Qiji 47. Crossing the Zero Point-Ding Yang (once the hard struggle came) Wen Tianxiang 48. Tianjingsha Qiu Si (dead vine old tree faint crow) Ma Zhiyuan 49. Mountain slope sheep Tongguan nostalgia (peak gathering) Zhang 50. Jihai 1. Persuade to learn (the gentleman said: you can't learn with your heart) "Xunzi" 2. Wandering freely (fish in the north ... unknown sage) "Zhuangzi" 3. The teacher said Han Yu 4. A Fang Gong Fu Du Mu 5. Su Shi on the Red Wall 6. Mang Shijing 7. Li Sao (Mrs. Chang) Yi 1 1. Golden plum shangyin 12. Yu Meiren (When is the Spring Flower and Autumn Moon) Li Yu 13. Nian Nujiao (River of No Return) Su Shi 14. Yong Yule (through the ages) Xin Qiji.