I. Original text: Excerpted from On Qin: Jia Yi

According to solid belief, Qin Xiaogong holds the land of Yongzhou, and the monarch and his subjects stick to it, so that he can get a glimpse of the Zhou family, which has swept the world, embraced the world and swallowed up the heart of the Eight Wastes. When the time comes, Shang Jun should help it, legislate internally, cultivate and maintain the tools of war; Against the prince outside the company. So the Qin people surrendered and took the Xijiang River.

Second, translation:

Qin Xiaogong occupies the dangerous terrain of Xiaoshan and Hanguguan, and has the land of Yongzhou. The monarch and his subjects are firmly guarding the power to seize the Zhou royal family. (Qin Xiaogong) rolled up the world like a mat, wrapped up the territory with luggage, and had the ambition of annexing all directions and unifying China. At this moment, Shang Yang assisted him, established internal laws and regulations, engaged in agricultural weaving, and built defensive and offensive equipment; The implementation of the strategy of balance of power in foreign countries has made the governors fight against each other. Therefore, Qin people easily seized the land west of the Yellow River.

Extended data:

Creation background

The era of Emperor Wendi in the Western Han Dynasty was the early stage of the so-called "peace and prosperity" in the Han Dynasty, that is, "the rule of cultural scene". Jia Yi, with his keen insight, saw the latent crisis in the Western Han Dynasty through appearances. At that time, rich and powerful people embezzled a large number of farmers' land, forcing farmers into bankruptcy and exile, and heavy oppression, exploitation and cruel punishment also aggravated class contradictions. The contradiction between domestic feudal separatism and centralization, the contradiction between the ruling class and the working people, and the contradiction between ethnic groups are intensifying day by day, and the position of the rulers is in danger of being shaken.

In order to reconcile various contradictions and ensure the long-term stability of the Western Han Dynasty, Jia Yi put forward many political opinions to the Han Dynasty in famous political essays such as Chen Zheng's Poems, On Storing and Storing, and On Guo Qin. This paper analyzes the success or failure of Qin politics from the perspective of summing up historical experience and lessons, and provides reference for Emperor Wendi's political reform.

When talking about the purpose of writing, Jia Yi said that the reason why he wanted to "examine the past, the present, the personnel, the rise and fall, and the tactics" was that he advocated "step by step and change with the times" in order to seek "national security for a long time" (Part II). The article On Qin summed up the lessons of the rise and fall of the Qin Dynasty, which was really Zhao Han's fault.