19 After the 1960s, some powerful bureaucrats of the Qing government started the Westernization Movement under the slogan of "self-improvement" and "seeking wealth", but they did not make China rich and strong, so the voice of the Sino-Japanese War should blame the failure of the Westernization Movement. From 65438 to the 1960s, the Westernization School started its early movement under the banner of "self-improvement". 186 1 year, Anqing Inner Ordnance Institute, founded by Zeng Guofan in Anqing, Anhui Province, was the first modern military enterprise in China. 1894, Zhang Zhidong built Hanyang Arsenal in Hanyang, Hubei. Because he bought the most advanced equipment from Germany at that time, he became the largest and most advanced military enterprise in the late Qing Dynasty. 65438+In the 1970s of 2009, the Westernization School played the banner of "seeking wealth" because the early industrial undertakings consumed a lot of money and the raw materials needed by the military industry were in short supply. 1878, Li Hongzhang founded Kaiping Coal Mine in Kaiping, Hebei Province to assist the military industry. Kaiping coal mine is a large-scale new coal mine enterprise jointly organized by government and businessmen after the Westernization Movement began in the late Qing Dynasty. 1872, Li Hongzhang founded China Merchants, the first modern private enterprise operated by the Qing government, which was also the earliest large-scale shipping enterprise established in the late Qing Dynasty. At the same time, in order to meet the needs of the Westernization Movement, the Westernization School trained a group of translators, military and technical personnel in Shi Jing Wentong Pavilion and Guangdong Pavilion, and was established in Beijing on 1862. Source: Chinese Character Culture (Education and Scientific Research Volume)