What is the significance of August 1st Army Day?
Army Day is to commemorate the birth and arduous course of the people's army and to inspire soldiers to defend their country. The festival is held every August 1 day. Usually, all parts of China will focus on "supporting the army, supporting the government and loving the people" to commemorate the birth of the People's Army. The custom of Army Day is that government departments and social organizations generally carry out various activities to support the army. Every year on the Army Day, the troops will organize grand commemorative activities to celebrate their own festivals.
Governments at all levels also organize grand military-civilian parties or vigils to invite representatives of the old Red Army, retired military cadres, demobilized soldiers, disabled revolutionary soldiers and families of martyrs to participate. At the same time, we should also organize activities to support the army and give preferential treatment to its dependents, publicize the glorious tradition of the people's army, check the implementation of preferential treatment, and solve problems and difficulties in time. Governments at all levels and the broad masses of the people have always regarded the activities of supporting the army and giving priority to their families as a "reserved festival" to commemorate the Army Day.
Youth league organizations in middle schools can actively organize various kinds of activities to support the army and give priority to their families before and after the Army Day, and experience the spirit of strict discipline, strict requirements, strict style of work and serving the people wholeheartedly through "one day in the military camp"; By leading middle school students to serve the families of military martyrs, we can feel the sacrifices and dedication made by military personnel and their families for the peace of the motherland and the people, and cultivate middle school students' national defense consciousness and civic responsibility to defend the motherland when they grow up.
Celebrate the first festival 1 August 9331day, and the first "August 1st" Army Day celebration was held in the south of Ruijin. In the evening, the soldiers and civilians in the Soviet area came here from all directions with torches, and the welcoming performance group composed of workers and peasants drama clubs stood at the door, singing and dancing. Celebrations are divided into military parade and stage parade. In order to prevent enemy planes from bombing, it was decided to complete the military parade from 17: 00 to 19: 30.
17, the military parade began, military music played and salute sounded. Three leaders, Mao Zedong, Zhu De and Xiang Ying, rode horses to review the 600-meter-long Red Army queue. The officers and men of the Red Army stared at each other, and cheers and slogans resounded through the sky. The second item is the oath. The Central Revolutionary Military Commission awarded military flags to the newly established Red Army Workers' Division and the Small International Division, and issued the battle orders to the two divisions to go to the front to kill the enemy heroically. The workers' division and the small * * * international division formed two phalanxes, and the commander raised his fist and took the oath.
The third item is the award of flags and prizes. The leaders of the Central Military Commission awarded the school flag to the Red Army School, the battle flag to the Red Army team, and the Red Star Medal to the outstanding Red Army commanders and soldiers. Representatives of the central government and various political parties and organizations delivered congratulatory speeches, and the decisive battle began. The 2nd, 5th, 37th and 40th regiments of the Red Army marched through the reviewing stand under the guidance of a banner. The soldiers shouted slogans and paid attention to the heads on the reviewing stand. The long reading team walked from the reviewing stand for more than an hour. Firm steps break through the night, crush the dust, kick open this unforgettable night, and embed the two characters "8 1" into history.
The Historical Significance of China's Army Construction
From a deeper perspective, the August 1st Nanchang Uprising was not only the first shot, but also many important factors that directly affected the revolutionary process in China.
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Many people will pay attention to Nanchang uprising when they know it. A considerable proportion of China's founding generals participated in the Nanchang Uprising. According to statistics, eight marshals and six generals participated in Nanchang Uprising directly or indirectly. But what is more noteworthy is the development after Nanchang Uprising.
Nanchang uprising troops were defeated in the transfer. Zhu De and Chen Yi led the 800 heroes who survived the war, and the troops of Jinggangshan and Mao Zedong joined forces. Prior to this, the commander-in-chief of the Autumn Harvest Uprising in Mao Zedong was Lu Deming, a student of Huangpu Phase II, who was then the head of the Guard Corps of the Second Front Army of the National Revolutionary Army. The whole regiment failed to catch up with the Nanchang Uprising, and then participated in the Autumn Harvest Uprising led by Mao Zedong, serving as the commander-in-chief of the Rebel Army. The baise uprising, led by the organization, was mainly led by Zhang, who was also related to the Nanchang Uprising. At that time, he was 1 1 Chief of Staff of the 25th Army Division.
The main leaders of the three main forces of the Red Army during the Agrarian Revolution were all related to the Nanchang Uprising. Needless to say, the Central Red Army was He Long, the protagonist of the Nanchang Uprising. Cai, the early leader of the Fourth Army and the first phase of the Whampoa Military Academy, is the military general of Hubei, Henan and Anhui after Xu. At that time, he was 1 1 Chief of Staff of the 24th Division of the Army.
In War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, Ye Ting, commander of the New Fourth Army, was also the protagonist of the Nanchang Uprising. 1 15 division commander Lin Biao, deputy division commander and political commissar Nie, 120 division commander He Long, chief of staff Zhou Shidi, 129 division commander Liu Bocheng and deputy division commander Xu were also important participants in the Nanchang Uprising. The same is true of the four field armies in the War of Liberation. This explains why Nanchang Uprising became the Army Day of China People's Liberation Army from another side. Several important military strategists of China People's Liberation Army, such as Lin Biao and Su Yu, were also participants in the Nanchang Uprising.
(2) tactics.
The victory of one side benefited from guerrilla tactics, and two large-scale mobile wars in the future were born out of this. As for who invented guerrilla tactics, many people think that it was invented by Chairman Mao Zedong, but historical evidence clearly shows that the father of guerrilla warfare should be Zhu De, the father of the Red Army. Moreover, after the failure of Nanchang Uprising, the troops led by Zhu De adopted guerrilla tactics, which not only kept the fire of Nanchang Uprising, but also expanded in guerrilla warfare. Lin Biao and Su Yu, two famous war generals in the Liberation War, were among the troops led by Zhu De. It is not difficult to see that the command art of these soldiers originated from Zhu De's guerrilla tactics.
(3) Strategic significance
Another important significance of Nanchang Uprising is to establish its own base areas and strengthen its own armed forces. The base areas established after the Nanchang Uprising were basically like this until the early days of the Liberation War.
As can be seen from the above points, Nanchang Uprising became the Army Day of the People's Liberation Army, not only because of Nanchang Uprising, but because the Uprising became the watershed of China Revolution. At the same time, it also opened a new legend.
1April 2, 9271July 5, after Chiang Kai-shek and Wang Jingwei launched the "Qing * * *" campaign in Nanjing and Wuhan, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China held a temporary Politburo meeting in Hankou and decided to use the National Revolutionary Army under the control and influence of the * * * production party to hold an uprising in Nanchang, and appointed Zhou Enlai as the leading organ of the uprising.
On July 27th, Zhu De, Liu Bocheng, Hui, Peng Pai, Ye Ting, Nie and other leaders of Jiangxi Party organizations attended an important meeting, and a staff committee with Liu Bocheng as the chief of staff, Ye Ting and He Long as members and He Long and Ye Ting as the commander-in-chief of the former enemy was established.
At 2 am on August 1 Sunday, Zhou Enlai, Zhu De, He Long, Ye Ting, Liu Bocheng, etc. Command all the insurgents to attack the Kuomintang troops stationed in Nanchang. After more than four hours of fierce fighting, more than 3,000 people were annihilated, more than 5,000 guns, more than 10,000 rounds of bullets/kloc-0 and several cannons were seized, and Nanchang City was occupied. On the morning of the same day, a joint meeting of the Central Committee of the Kuomintang and representatives of various provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government and overseas parties and departments was held in Nanchang, and the Central Declaration was adopted. The Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang, composed of 25 members including Soong Ching Ling, Zhou Enlai, He Long, Ye Ting and Zhu De, was established, and the Declaration of the August 1st Uprising and other documents were adopted, proposing "Down with imperialism", "Down with old and new warlords" and "Tillers". At the same time, the uprising troops were reorganized, still using the designation of the Second Army of the National Revolutionary Army, with He Long as the commander-in-chief. Because the enemy attacked Nanchang with heavy troops, the Central Front Committee decided that according to the central plan, the uprising troops left Nanchang from August 3 to 6 and marched south, passing through Linchuan, Yihuang and Guangchang, and went straight to the Chaoshan area in Guangdong.
Uprising troops defeated the interception of reactionary Kuomintang troops in Ruijin, Huichang and other places in Jiangxi, then passed through Changting, Fujian, Shanghang and Tai Po, Guangdong, and occupied Chaozhou and Shantou in late September. The main force marched westward, passing Jieyang to Tangkeng. /kloc-at the beginning of 0/0, the westward troops and troops stationed in Chaoshan were besieged by superior enemy forces, and most of the uprising troops were scattered, and some broke through to Hailufeng to join the local farmers' armed forces; The other, led by Zhu De and Chen Yi, moved to southern Hunan through southern Jiangxi and northern Guangdong to carry out guerrilla warfare. 1928 1 With the cooperation of local party organizations and peasant armed forces in southern Hunan, the "Nianguan Uprising" was held in Yizhang. Because of the "co-suppression" by the superior enemy, the uprising troops and peasant armed forces withdrew from southern Hunan, and arrived in Jinggangshan in April of the same year to join forces with the troops led by Mao Zedong to form the Fourth Army of the Chinese Workers and Peasants Revolutionary Army, which was later renamed the Fourth Army of the Workers and Peasants Red Army.
In July 1933, 1 1, the Chinese Soviet * * and the provisional central government of People's Republic of China (PRC) decided on August 1 day as the anniversary of the founding of the Chinese Red Army of Workers and Peasants on the basis of the proposal of the Central Revolutionary Military Commission on June 30th. 1On June 5th, 949, the People's Revolutionary Military Commission of China issued an order stipulating that the flag and emblem of the China People's Liberation Army should be marked with the word "August 1st". After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), this anniversary was renamed the Army Day of China People's Liberation Army.