In the history of the World Expo, there have been many classic buildings: the Crystal Palace in London, England, the Eiffel Tower in Paris, France, and the Atomic Tower in Brussels, Belgium ... Every small venue is not only the crystallization of a country's history and culture and the latest technology, but also the bold thinking and exploration of future architectural forms at that time. China 20 10 Shanghai World Expo has once again become the stage for global architects to compete. How do local designers behave in this star-studded park? A few days ago, the reporter walked into the Modern Design Group and approached the original architectural cases in the Expo Park, showing that the light of wisdom shines here. Which is more important, function or modeling? The image of architectural form is undoubtedly an important element of Expo architecture. In the Shanghai World Expo Park, the vines of the Spanish Pavilion, the tentacles of the British Pavilion, the forests of the Norwegian Pavilion and the curling of the Finnish Pavilion are dazzling. However, unlike many unconventional buildings, local designers are quite pragmatic in the design of the Expo site. The World Expo Center, one of the permanent venues of the World Expo, is a building with "perfect function" as its first choice. This building with conference and reception as its core functions does not deliberately express itself, but appears in a pure facade form and a regular square form, which is natural and graceful. Just as Lin Yutang's "China Architecture" "silently narrates his peaceful mentality, thus implying his modesty and politeness". Fu Haicong, the designer of the Expo Center, said in an interview: "We also considered various schemes, but finally chose this simple conjoined scheme. Because from the perspective of the integrity of the building, the convenience of functional connection and the effective use of energy, it is the most suitable. " At present, the conference reception space of the Expo Center is distributed along the outer wall, which not only has natural lighting and ventilation, but also enjoys the beautiful scenery along the river. Each floor has outdoor terraces of different sizes, which not only provides a place for various activities, but also enhances indoor comfort. Another permanent venue performing arts center is also an original masterpiece of local designers. However, even its fashionable flying saucer shape is born for function. According to designer Wang, the scale of the venue was adjusted from the initial 4,000 seats to 1.8 million seats. In order to solve the problem of insufficient space, the floating form of "borrowing the sky without borrowing the ground" can only be formed by cutting the grounding area. In fact, the "floating" shape is an inevitable choice for the performing arts center. With the upward movement of the functional area around the venue, the lower open platform effectively solved the problems of the transformation of various traffic spaces and the centralized evacuation of the theater crowd. "We believe that only under the premise of careful functional combination can morphological images have a more solid foothold." Wang said to him. As a large performing arts venue in Shanghai in the future, superstar concerts, international ice hockey events and NBA events will all be held in the flying saucer shape of the performing arts center. Shanghai Architectural Design Institute of Modern Design Group undertakes the whole electromechanical design of the podium of China Pavilion-Regional Pavilion and this project. Hong Zhou, the site design director of the project, said: "As designers, we should strive to provide the best exhibition venues, provide good and convenient exhibition routes and hardware equipment, so that all provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions can show their development achievements and multi-ethnic styles, and create favorable conditions for the subsequent utilization and long-term operation of the China Pavilion." How to interpret old bottles and new wines? Compared with "building a tall building from the ground and painting a colorful picture with white paper", it is much more complicated to transform old buildings. The location of the Expo site was originally a Shanghai heavy industry factory, with 20 or 30 industrial buildings built in modern times. Preserving the old buildings and transforming them into new venues with sustainable renewal is also one of the highlights of this World Expo. The green concept of local designers in this field attracts people's attention. The Baosteel stage in the Expo site was transformed from the third workshop of Shanghai Iron and Steel Plant. According to designer Yang Ming, "We gave up the initial idea of" giving "and replaced it with a more" obedient "design attitude, focusing on the adjustment and utilization of existing resources in the factory." They keep the structural system of the original factory building as much as possible, and carry out adaptive transformation according to the new functional space, such as using the original steel platform to build a second-floor platform to accommodate the main functional space. At the same time, the design of Baosteel stage also fully respects the historical features of industrial buildings. Rust removal and cleaning are mainly carried out on the surfaces of original steel columns, concrete columns, roof trusses and steel platforms without changing the original materials and colors; The newly added components are light and reusable, and are distinguished from the retained structures by other colors, which not only embodies the principle of identifiability, but also reflects the historical renewal process. In the future, the audience can enjoy the performance on the Baosteel stage, and at the same time, they can also feel the historical context of industrial sites. For another example, Hexing Warehouse in Celebration Square was built in 1930, which is the historical witness of the first private steel enterprise in China. However, 80 years of wind and rain erosion can no longer be used today. After analysis, the design team implanted a three-story steel structure system in its center, which was connected by a bridge. At the same time, considering the great preservation value of the archway facade and cross stairs facing Huangpu River, after careful on-site surveying and mapping, the restoration effect of the old appearance has been achieved. Solemn, invite guests

As a special venue for receiving dignitaries from various countries during the World Expo, and as an image representative of the Expo complex, the Expo Center is different from other venues in its "colorful", but it has unique solemnity and mystery-what is the attraction of a square Expo Center? Seeing the completed World Expo Center is the first impression. Fu Haicong, the chief designer of the Expo Center, came straight to the point and mentioned its unusual "identity": the Expo Center should undertake high-standard reception tasks during the Expo; After the World Expo, it will also become a comprehensive international conference center, undertaking important missions such as the Shanghai two conferences. As the most important permanent venue of the World Expo, Fu Haicong and his design team have a 12 guideline in the design process-perfect function, solemn form, energy saving and environmental protection. The concise and dignified modern architectural style makes the Expo Center create a magnificent spatial momentum on the Huangpu River. Looking at the Expo Center from the bank of Pujiang is like a huge ship breaking the waves. The creative sheet-like broken-line glass exterior wall on its surface gives the whole building a vivid texture. Fu Haicong said: "The Expo Center we designed should be not only a simple meeting place, but an emotional and complete architectural system." . Rites and music are intertwined, showing the style of a big country. The Jinji Ballroom in the Expo Center covers an area of 4,800 square meters and can accommodate 2,000 to 3,000 people at the same time, and can be divided according to different banquet themes. Through the fiber-shaped ceiling lamp, the bright light and shadow effect on the wall creates a festive and warm atmosphere. The star-studded Great Hall is another highlight of the Expo Center. The clear height of the Great Hall is 22 meters, the average width is 45 meters and the length is 60 meters. In the future, important conference activities such as the two sessions will be held here, even with certain political significance, so more attention should be paid to its rigor and atmosphere in design. Therefore, the tall space in the design is integrated with the podium; The "starry sky" effect created by perforated walls and roofs not only implies the cultural connotation of "harmony between man and nature", but also enhances the acoustic effect. "At first glance, you may think that the external form is a bit ordinary, but if you look closely, you will find that the Expo Center has a wealth of' expressions'." Fu Haicong specifically mentioned an innovative design-through the zigzag angle change, even if the window is opened, it will not destroy the overall sense of the Expo Center from the outside. "Sawtooth" is one of the expressions of Expo Center. When the World Expo opened, people approached the Expo Center to savor it and look for more interesting "expressions". In addition, during the design and construction of the Expo Center, the concept of green energy saving was particularly emphasized, which became a model and benchmark for other venues to some extent. Fu Haicong believes that environmental protection should not stop at adding advanced equipment, but should try to open up new ideas in design. For example, the World Expo Center can meet the requirements of environmental protection on the basis of meeting the original functional requirements by reducing the surface area and energy-saving curtain wall system. Because of this, the Expo Center project won two lofty honors-the National Green Samsung Standard and the LEED Award for American Architecture. Fu Haicong's greatest experience in designing the Expo Center is that all aspects of architecture should strive to find a "balance point" between each other, including the whole and the part, the exterior and the interior, the architecture and culture, environmental protection and economy. He said: "Every design scheme is a process of calculating the greatest common divisor. Finding it is to make the building truly reach a balance. " Revolutionary concept in rotating museum

Speaking of the day when GM applied for the bid, Rong, the chief designer of the garage, was still excited. "At that time, the judges of American GM came to Shanghai with mixed feelings. We used the architectural design of the garage to say what they wanted to say most-change." The bidding for the design of the sales General Motors Pavilion was held in July 2008. At that time, the annual net loss of the American General Motors Company was $30.9 billion, and its sales volume fell to the lowest level in 49 years. In the same year, GM China maintained a market growth rate of 6. 1%, rising against the market. At this time, it seems that the China market has not felt the tremor on the other side of the ocean, and many bidding teams have no way to understand the inner feelings of American customers. With anxiety and hope, representatives of American General Motors came to China, and the first thing they thought of was to give the garage a name. "At that time, many design teams participated in the bidding, and we must integrate this name into the hearts of the judges." After receiving this task, the design team acted quickly and quickly determined the Chinese name-"Xuanting", which was vivid and catchy. What about English names? Rong made overseas calls, consulted American friends and faxed drawings for their reference. After repeated deliberation, the "revolutionary road" was finally determined. Road stands for main road and road. Revolution has two meanings, the first meaning is "rotation" and the other more familiar meaning is "revolution". Nothing can move Americans more than "The Road to Rotation" and "Revolutionary Avenue". At that time, the most commonly used advertising words in the United States were precisely revolution, revolution. Obama enthusiastically promoted his presidential campaign slogan-"national change" throughout the United States. Today, the name of the garage coincides with it, which is a shot in the arm for all the American judges present, for General Motors and even for Americans. Rong recalled that at the tender meeting that day, the modern urban architecture design institute of his modern design group finally appeared. Their interpretation of the architectural form and the connotation of the project deeply touched the hearts of Chinese and foreign judges and won the standing ovation of the judges. On August 26th, 2009, the steel structure of the garage was capped. The process of "change" has never stopped during the year from winning the bid to capping. "From the beginning, we wanted to make the garage into a circle." Rong told reporters that our garage is round. Circles can bring us a lot of imagination: wheels, steering wheels, engines, gears ... but this "circle" wants to tell you more than that. As a representative of industrial civilization, the greatest achievement of the automobile manufacturing industry with a history of one hundred years is that it can "satisfactorily" process thousands of parts. SAIC-GM Exhibition Hall is located in Puxi Park of the World Expo. The exhibition hall echoes the car everywhere: the streamlined appearance reminds people of the shape of the car, and the spiral design symbolizes the "road of the future". The silver "coat" worn in the car lobby consists of 4000 pieces of renewable aluminum. This kind of aluminum is cold-worked, cut, shaped and corrected by numerical control, which is exactly the same as the processing technology of car body steel plate. In addition, the sheet metal processing technology and painting technology in the process of building a car have also been "transplanted" into the construction of the garage. The circle of the garage contains four exhibition halls. The first floor is the waiting area and waiting area, the second and third floors are the main exhibition area and the fourth floor is the VIP area. In fact, it is a spiral circle from low to high. Four scattered chains are strewn at random, high and low, surrounded by arcs, and the whole building also shows endless rising energy in generate, symbolizing the bright future of continuous renewal and positive development of the automobile industry. This is not the car hall that everyone will eventually see, and the designer will continue to improve in more details. Through some landscape, sculpture and lighting art, the concept of "green industry" can be made more emotional. Think about it. In 20 10, wheat was planted on the roof platform of the garage, and the World Expo will be held from May to 10. In the golden wheat field, cars are placed inside, quietly telling people that in the future, industry and natural ecology can also get along well and live in harmony. Galloping in the curved wall looks like a flat guitar from a distance. You can walk into the "guitar", feel the towering mountains, cross the forest and grassland, cross the valley and lowlands, and finally come to the city ... In the Shanghai World Expo Park, Alex Yaru, an architect from Austrian Caitingnuo Road Architecture Office, and his team will bring people a wonderful journey through time and space in an extremely bold and innovative way. In Austria Pavilion, you can not only throw snowballs hard, but also see them. "What is more exciting than throwing snowballs in the World Expo Park is that in the entire Austrian Pavilion, except for the toilet, there is actually no wall that is a traditional vertical right angle! Bend, fold ... let your imagination. " Mu E, deputy general representative of the Austrian Pavilion at the Shanghai World Expo, revealed. There may be enough reason for this design: mixed with the sound of the cold wind whistling, tourists first enter a mountainous area with high mountains and light clouds. Because there is a snowy area of about 60 square meters in the mountainous area, people will soon tremble at low temperature, and the snow with a thickness of 10cm under their feet will make a creaking sound with every trampling, and the cracking sound of snow-capped mountains will be heard from time to time; Pinch a snowball and hit it on the wall, and you can see the change of snowball flying. Coming down from the snow-capped mountains, the forest appears in front of tourists. Not far away, a timid and frightened deer is running quickly to the depths of the forest, strolling in the forest of conifers, broad-leaved trees, raspberries and mushrooms, and maybe a naughty little squirrel will jump on you and smell that smell. The rustling of leaves, the singing of various birds, and occasionally the low roar of animals; Here, visitors can also see the color changes of leaves due to seasonal changes. Through the dense forest, you will come to a world of water. Visitors can stroll along the river, play in the water, and see all kinds of fish and other animals from the virgin forests of Central Europe and the Danube River basin. Passing through snow-capped mountains, forests and lakes, the last stop for tourists is the city, the home of life. Mozart and Strauss will welcome tourists in green, red and blue in a city of 280 square meters. From shoe dancing to fashion shows, from classical concerts to international VJ nights, beautiful Austrian different cultures will be staged here. "All magical travel experiences, except snow, are real, and they are the projection effects of 72 projectors and 30 computers playing on the wall." Alex said that only by designing the shape of the wall according to the needs of the scene can the effect be more realistic. "I want to thank the designers and project managers from Hyundai Design Group, who completed the structural design of the Austrian Pavilion with superb technology and turned our creativity into real construction drawings." Now, the construction of the Austria Pavilion has entered the stage of structural construction. A sincere cooperation between Chinese and foreign architects will bring infinite surprises when visiting the Austria Pavilion next year. Extending dreams, black gold is also beautiful. Oil, known as "black gold", is the lifeblood of the global economy, but what's good about this black thing at the World Expo? In the early morning of late autumn, when the reporter walked into an obscure office building on Nanjing West Road, he found that it was full of design drawings and various materials, full of academic and exploration atmosphere. Ms. Wu Shenshen, the chairman and chief architect of Modern Gaihua Architectural Design Company, a modern design group, who is busy in the office, told the reporter how she made the "black gold" beautiful at the World Expo. The Petroleum Pavilion, jointly built by China Petroleum, China Petrochemical and China Offshore Oil, is located in Puxi Park of Shanghai World Expo Park, covering an area of 4,000 square meters, adjacent to Puxi Ferry Terminal and Lupu Bridge of Huangpu River. The three central enterprises attach great importance to the construction of the Petroleum Pavilion, and also require to reflect the strength and quality of the central enterprises. The theme of the pavilion is "Petroleum, Extending the Dream of the City", and the design criteria are simple modeling and beautiful atmosphere. How to meet the aesthetic requirements of customers? Wu Shenshen pointed to the design sketch and said that this "skin" is the greatest pride of her and her design team in the whole petroleum museum. "If the outer skin is designed as a net cover structure, the imaginative design above can be fully exerted without affecting the original appearance of the internal building. According to her introduction, the shell of the Petroleum Pavilion adopts the world-advanced PC material polycarbonate, which is also a raw material derived from petroleum derivatives. This compound can also be reused, which is in line with the concept of "Green Expo". Wu Shenshen said that the overall use of PC materials has strengthened the overall sense of architectural appearance. At the same time, the surface of the epidermis is dotted with many criss-crossing textures, like thousands of oil and gas pipelines arranged in a row, which perfectly explains the theme of the venue. She informed that PC materials are rarely used in buildings, and such large-scale use is the first time in China. When you go to the Petroleum Museum, you can also see the shocking audio-visual effects brought by the 4D interactive stereoscopic film. In the design of Wu Shenshen's team, the big screen of the Petroleum Pavilion is 7 meters high and 28 meters long. In such a "wrapped" theater, an eight-minute documentary series "Journey to Oil Time and Space" tells the evolution of oil in hundreds of millions of years, the promotion of human historical development and the beautiful vision for the future. The audience is like a witness, witnessing the vicissitudes of nature and the magic of the creator. When is the most beautiful oil museum? Wu Shenshen suggested that the audience had better go to the Petroleum Museum after dinner. Due to the advanced LED technology used in the joint structure of the oil pavilion skin, the facade of the oil pavilion itself has become a huge "display". Whenever night falls, the light blue skin will be full of brilliance, and play the overture of the cadenza movement with the beat of a large music fountain. Wu Shenshen revealed that the Petroleum Pavilion will start trial operation in March next year. Soon, people will see how designers in China turn "black gold" into beautiful works of art.