How to give first aid to cardiac arrest? Assessment and site safety: The emergency personnel patted the patient on the shoulder and shouted, "Are you all right?" Check whether the patient is breathing, feel his carotid artery and see if there is a pulse. If there is no breathing or normal breathing (that is, only breathing), immediately start the emergency system and start chest compressions. Open the airway. If the patient lies on his back, the unconscious person will often have airway obstruction due to the root of his tongue falling off. At this point, the rescuer should kneel on one side of the patient's body, hold his forehead with one hand and hold his chin with the other. The standard is that the line between the mandible and the earlobe is perpendicular to the horizon, indicating that the airway has been opened.

Chest compression. If the patient has no pulse, chest compressions are needed. Methods: The rescuer should first find the pressing part. Touch the joint from the bottom to the middle along the ribs on both sides of the lowest edge, which is called xiphoid process. Taking xiphoid process as the point, two horizontal fingers are sleeved on the sternum, that is, the junction of middle and lower sternum 1/3. This is the realization point. The rescuer puts one hand on the back of the other hand, crosses his fingers, puts the palm root in the position he just found, and presses it vertically downward with the strength of the upper body. The sinking distance of the sternum is about 4-5 cm, and the arm must be straight and not bent. After pressing, it should be lifted quickly, and the frequency should be controlled at 80- 100 times per minute. Note: the strength must be controlled, not too hard, because too much strength is easy to cause rib fracture, which will cause ribs to pierce important organs such as heart, lung, liver and spleen. Old people have brittle bones, so pay more attention.

Artificial respiration. If the patient stops breathing, give mouth-to-mouth resuscitation twice immediately and then touch the carotid artery. If you can feel the pulse, you can only give artificial respiration. Methods: It is best to find a clean gauze or towel and put it in the patient's mouth to prevent bacterial infection. The rescuer holds the patient's nose with one hand, inhales with his big mouth, holds it down, bends down quickly, wraps the patient's mouth with his mouth, and blows in gas quickly. At the same time, the rescuer's eyes need to observe whether the patient's chest is inflated due to gas filling. After the gas is ejected, release the hand holding the nose and let the gas exhale, thus completing a breathing process. The ratio of cardiac compression to artificial respiration is 30:2.

Testimony to stop CPR. When rescuing patients, we should always observe their vital signs. Touch the patient's hands and feet. If the body temperature rises, further touch the carotid artery. If there is pulsation, stop cardiopulmonary resuscitation and send the patient to the hospital for further treatment as soon as possible.

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