Su Shi

The surging river flows eastward, and those heroes of the past are gone forever.

To the west of the old base, there is a rich collection of people: Chibi, Zhou Lang, where the three countries stand.

The steep rock wall, like thunder waves lapping against the river bank, waves like rolling up thousands of snow.

The majestic rivers and mountains are picturesque, and many heroes emerge at once.

Looking back on Zhou Yu's spring breeze era, young and beautiful Joe just married him, and he was full of heroic spirit.

A white figure with a feather fan came face to face, and while talking and laughing, the enemy warships burned to ashes.

I am wandering in the battlefield today. I feel a feeling heart and give birth to white hair prematurely.

Life is like a dream, sprinkle a glass of wine to pay tribute to the bright moon on the river.

translate

The surging river flows eastward, and those heroes of the past are gone forever.

The Yangtze River flows eastward. For thousands of years, all talented heroes have been washed away by the waves rolling along the Yangtze River.

To the west of the old base, there is a rich collection of people: Chibi, Zhou Lang, where the three countries stand.

On the west side of the old camp, people said: This is the Red Cliff where Zhou Lang defeated Cao Bing in the Three Kingdoms.

The steep rock wall, like thunder waves lapping against the river bank, waves like rolling up thousands of snow.

The steep and uneven rock wall goes straight into the sky, crashing on the shore and rolling up a thousand layers of snow-like waves.

The majestic rivers and mountains are picturesque, and many heroes emerge at once.

The country of the motherland, how many heroes there should be in that period!

Looking back on Zhou Yu's spring breeze era, young and beautiful Joe just married him, and he was full of heroic spirit.

Just imagine, Zhou Gongjin and Xiao Qiao just got married, but Zhou Gongjin is imposing.

A white figure with a feather fan came face to face, and while talking and laughing, the enemy warships burned to ashes.

Feather fan in hand and blue silk headscarf on head, Cao Cao's countless warships burned to ashes in smoke and fire amid laughter.

I am wandering in the battlefield today. I feel a feeling heart and give birth to white hair prematurely.

Wandering in the battlefield of the old country (Three Kingdoms), you should laugh at me for being too sentimental and giving birth to white hair prematurely.

Life is like a dream, sprinkle a glass of wine to pay tribute to the bright moon on the river.

A person's life is like a big dream, so give a glass of wine to the bright moon on the river and get drunk with me!

Whole word appreciation:

The River of No Return, a romantic figure throughout the ages-writing about the Yangtze River gives people a magnificent feeling. The River of No Return is the river view in front of us, which is used to cheer up the spirit. The sound of the river rolling day and night makes people feel the passage of history and miss the heroes of the past infinitely.

This sentence is the author's touching feeling. Facing the rolling waves, he felt the passage of history, like an eastward river, and could not help but arouse the memory of historical heroes. These two sentences are not only about the river view, but also about homesickness. They write with great momentum and full of emotion. The word "the waves are exhausted" implicitly and powerfully expresses the author's feelings of mourning for the ancient battlefield. In this way, the beginning also set off the environment and rendered the atmosphere for the following description of Chibi and the memory of Zhou Yu.

On the west side of the old base, the humanities are: Chibi, Zhou Lang and the Three Kingdoms-this sentence not only aims to point out the significance of the topic, but also leads to memories of the Three Kingdoms War through the description of the geographical location of Chibi and the historical figure Zhou Yu, which naturally associates with the magnificent battle scenes in Battle of Red Cliffs. The phrase "west of the old base area" points out the specific times, people and places of nostalgia and introduces the mourning for the ancient battlefield. In this way, the author naturally and skillfully leads the reader to this historical review through association.

Rocks go through the air, waves beat on the shore, and thousands of piles of snow are rolled up-a positive description of the scenery of Chibi. It is not difficult to imagine the tragic fighting at that time and Zhou Yu's heroic fighting style of commanding the water army. The mountains are steep, the rugged rocks point directly at the sky, and the rushing currents are surging and violently impacting the rocks. What a magnificent sight it is! Only thirteen words are used here, which vividly outlines the magnificent picture of this ancient battlefield from the aspects of shape, sound and color, expresses the author's feelings of loving the motherland and mountains and rivers, and also paves the way for the following praise of Zhou Yu.

As picturesque as a mountain, there are many heroes at one time-the author returned to reality from fugue. Heroes go with the Yangtze River, leaving only picturesque mountains and rivers and "I" with no achievements.

These two sentences are a link between the preceding and the following, and it is very natural to transition from describing scenery to writing people. How many heroes are there at a time is a fake writing, which not only takes care of the "romantic figures of the ages" at the beginning, but also paves the way for Zhou Yu's next writing.

Express your feelings on the spot and evoke the memory of ancient heroes through the description of ancient battlefields.

Looking back on Zhou Yu's spring breeze era, young and beautiful Joe just married him, and he was full of heroic spirit. Feather fan, black silk scarf, laughing and falling dust-this paragraph is dedicated to Zhou Yu, an eternal romantic figure. The author did not directly write that Zhou Yu got off his horse and was shot in the palm, but the military attache wrote that Zhou Yu was young and handsome, handsome and elegant, and had firm command over Confucianism. This fully shows Zhou Yu's outstanding command ability and heroic spirit of despising strong enemies. The purpose of the author's writing Zhou Yu is to pay tribute to the ancients, so as to express his depressed and bitter feelings and lofty aspirations. Zhou Yu is young and promising, with outstanding achievements, and is famous in history. However, at the age of nearly half a century, he achieved nothing, but was demoted. Such suffering will naturally make you sad. He had to borrow the past to amuse himself.

Wandering in the old country, loving Ying Xiao Wo, and having a noble family early-this sentence expresses the author's extremely contradictory and depressed mood. In the face of great rivers and mountains, I cherish the memory of Zhou Yu's young success, and I am deeply trusted by Sun Quan. When I was young, I made great achievements, but although I had ambition, I didn't have ambition, but I did nothing. In contrast, I feel infinite. The mood changed from excitement to depression.

Life is like a dream, the statue returns to the moon-the ending sentence, on the one hand, shows the author's negative and pessimistic mood, and is a reflection of the author's class limitations and times limitations. In feudal society, once people can't control their own destiny, they often use philosophy to solve the contradiction between ideal and reality. The author is no exception. At the same time, we should also see the other side, which is the heroic feelings of pursuing political achievements.

Xiaque mainly writes people, and expresses her feelings of achieving nothing by admiring Zhou Yu.

Difficult finger fluid

Why is the image of Zhou Yu in Nian Nujiao so different from that in Romance of the Three Kingdoms? Zhou Yu, written by Su Shi, is young and promising, with romantic literary talent, a combination of beauty and beauty, a proud spring breeze, a Confucian demeanor, a determined commander-in-chief, extraordinary courage and heroism. The image of Zhou Yu in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms has both a shrewd and capable side and a narrow and jealous side, without the Confucian demeanor of "black silk scarf with feather fan". The descriptions of the same character in the two works have their own advantages and are deeply rooted in the hearts of the people. There is no need to investigate who is closer to the historical truth. However, it must be understood that Su Shi's description and praise of Zhou Yu in his poems is intended to remember the past, hurt the present and express his feelings that he will be over half a year old and accomplish nothing.

Complain about one's feelings

Lu you

In those days, Wanli sought a seal, and one horse guarded Liangzhou.

Where is the dream of closing the river, the dust darkens the old mink and fur.

The Hu people are still alive, the temples are frosty in autumn, and the affectionate tears are dry.

Who could have predicted in this life that the original intention was to leave the enemy in Tianshan Mountain, but now he is destined to die of old age in Cangzhou!

The Southern Song Dynasty, which is poor, weak and increasingly embarrassed, is an era in which heroes are needed, but it is also an era of "excess" of heroes. Lu You took fighting against Jin Xingguo as his duty all his life, but he had no choice but to ask for help, and was repeatedly relegated. In his later years, he retired to Yin Shan, and his ambition was hard to realize. "Strong men are lonely and idle, and famous flowers are scattered in the rain." The autumn of history, the storm of the times, the true nature of heroes and the difficulties of reality have all contributed to this tragic and melancholy "Complaining for Love".

When writing this poem, the poet was nearly seventy years old, living in his hometown, not forgetting the worries of his home country, becoming a martyr in his twilight years, with great ambitions. This high political enthusiasm and never-failing patriotism form the lofty beauty of his poetic style. However, ambition can't be realized and no one understands it. Although "people are as dead as iron" and have no choice but to "serve the country and die without a battlefield", this deep sense of oppression has formed a tragic mood in his poems. The lyrics are loyal and angry, full of sadness.

In the first two sentences, "When Wan Li was looking for prints, he kept Liangzhou alone", and the poet reappeared the heroic spirit of the former top gun and went to the front line behind enemy lines. "That year" refers to the eight years of Avenue (1 172). At that time, Lu You came to Nanzheng (now Hanzhong, Shaanxi Province) and defected to Wang Yan, the ambassador of Fu Xuan, Sichuan. At the front, he personally participated in the encounter with the nomads from the army. "Searching for India" uses the allusion of Ban Chao's meritorious military service in a foreign country to write his ambition to serve the motherland and clean up the old rivers and mountains. The word "Qiu" shows the poet's self-promise, self-confident ambition and firm and persistent pursuit spirit. "Wan Li" and "Pima" are in sharp contrast in spatial image. Pima Li, "In his prime, he joined the army and swallowed the remnants of Lu" ("Xie Chichun"), presents an extraordinary atmosphere. "Sad songs hit the building, relying on high wine" ("Eye-catching"), "Call the eagle to the ancient base and cut the tiger flat" ("Han Gong Chun"), the heroic and exciting military life is still vivid in my mind, and he is always haunted by dreams. The reason for this is that strong desires are suppressed too much, and repressed feelings can only be vented in dreams. "Where the dream closes the river, the dust darkens the old mink and fur". Lu You was transferred after only half a year in Nanzheng front. From then on, he closed the river defense and could only realize his wishes in his dreams from time to time, but he didn't know where he was when he woke up. Only the old mink put on the uniform, gray and black. A word "dark" turns the passage of time and personnel into a hazy picture of dust, and the mood is full of melancholy.

At the beginning of the first film, the word "that year" was wedged into the memories of the heroic military life in the past, and the tone was high, and the dream was shattered, forming a strong emotional gap and turning generosity into sadness. The following films further expressed the contradiction between ideal and reality, fell into a deeper sigh, and sadness turned into depression.

"Hu is not extinguished, and the first autumn, tears flow empty." These three sentences are tight and short, and they will never succeed in life. Looking at the northwest, China sank, and the remnants were not swept; Looking back on life, the years are dark and the temples are pale; Looking back on the past, although the ambition is there, it is difficult to pay for it. The words "Wei", "Xian" and "Kong" show deep feelings in the comparison, and they are getting deeper and deeper: who has not been old since ancient times? However, the anti-Hu has not been extinguished, the achievements have not been achieved, and the years are passing. This makes people feel the bitterness of "getting old first" urgently. "Nothing", a sadness filled my heart, life is the oldest! However, even after several years, the temple is green again, how can we achieve the cause of "eliminating traitors and rejuvenating the Han Dynasty"? "Zhumen sings and dances, and the stable horse is fat and the bow is broken." "There is Qian Shan outside the cloud, and no one has asked." Therefore, the tears of worrying about the country are just "empty" streams. The word "empty" not only wrote the inner disappointment and pain, but also wrote the dissatisfaction and indignation of the small court in the southeast corner of Pian 'an where the monarch and his subjects were drunk. "Who knows that in this life, my heart is in Tianshan and I am always in Cangzhou". The last three sentences summarize your life and reflect on reality. "Tianshan Mountain" refers to the front line against the enemy, "Cangzhou" refers to a secluded place, and "Who expected this life" refers to "Who expected this life". The poet did not expect that his life would be constantly in the conflict between "mind" and "body". His mind was fascinated by the battlefield, but his body was lying in a remote village. He saw the "Tiema Glacier", but it was only in his dream. His mind was lifted high and flew to the "Tianshan Mountain", but his body fell heavily in Cangzhou. The word "who expected" describes the naivety of the past and the disappointment of today. "When I was young, I knew that things were difficult" and "Now I know the taste of sadness". Ideal and reality are so incompatible, no wonder the poet sighs loudly. At the end of the sentence "The heart is in Tianshan Mountain, the old Cangzhou", it is first raised and then suppressed, forming a big turning point. The poet is like an eagle bent on fighting the sky, but his feathers break and fall to the ground, groaning in pain.

Lu You's poems are indeed full of autumn life, but because the poet's sigh of "living in Cangzhou when he is old" contains more historical content, his tears are full of passionate feelings for the motherland. Therefore, the emotional appeal of the words embodies the characteristics of depression without losing openness and depth, which is more powerful and moving than the general works that only express personal depression.

Man Jiang Hong

Yue Fei

Angry hair rushes to the crown, leans against the aperture, and rests in the rain. Looking up, screaming in the sky, strong and fierce. Thirty fame, dust and earth, eight thousand miles of clouds and the moon. Don't be idle, grow old together and be unhappy.

Jingkang shame, still not snow; When do courtiers hate their guts! Driving a long car, stepping over the missing Helan Mountain, I was hungry for pork, laughing and thirsty for Hun blood. Stay from the beginning, clean up the old mountains and rivers, and go to the sky.

To annotate ...

Fly into a rage: describe extreme anger. Xiaoxiao: Describe the sudden rain. Long whistle: Squeeze your mouth when you are excited and make a crisp and long sound, which is a lyric move of the ancients. Idle: relaxed and casual. Shame on Jingkang: In the second year of Jingkang in Song Qinzong (1 127), Jin Bing captured Bianjing and took Hui Di and Qin away. Helan Mountain: In the present Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region. Tianque: the view of the building in front of the palace.

[b] translation

I was furious and climbed up the railing alone. The wind and rain just stopped. I looked up at the sky. I can't help screaming at the sky, and my heart is full of patriotism. More than 30 years of fame, such as dust, eight thousand miles of life through many storms. My hero, we should seize the time to make contributions to our country, and don't waste our youth until we are old. I can't forget the great humiliation in Jingkang period. When will the resentment as a national civil servant disappear? I want to get on the chariot and break through the lack of Helan Mountain. I was full of ambition and vowed to drink the blood and eat the flesh of the enemy. When I recover the old mountains and rivers, I will report good news to the country.

For a long time, people thought that the author of the word "Man Jiang Hong" was Yue Fei, a famous patriotic general in the Song Dynasty. When he wrote the word "Man Jiang Hong", it was the time when the Central Plains was trampled by the soldiers of the Nuzhen slave owners and nobles. Yue Fei is determined to resist gold and pursue the grand plan of recovering lost land and revenge; He fought all his life and opposed surrender, which represented the will of the broad masses of people; He is aboveboard and serious in his studies, and he is an outstanding strategist and strategist in the ancient history of China. He is humble and upright, and carries forward the fine traditions of the Chinese nation. Therefore, the word "Manjianghong" has been sung on the land of China as a swan song of patriotism and Yue Fei's own moral festival. Few people doubt whether "Manjianghong" is fake or not. Yu Jiaxi, who was the first to doubt this, raised two questions in Dialectics of Four Treasures of the Study. Yue Fei's grandson York did not include this word in the Collected Works of Jin Lun Nazis, and York spared no effort to collect Yue Fei's articles. It took 365,438+0 years to reprint this collection. Why is it not included? This is a ... This first word was first seen in Xu Jie's "The Legacy of Yue Wumu" in the Ming Dynasty, which was based on the inscription made by Zhao Kuan, an assistant envoy of Zhejiang Province, on the Moon Powder Tomb in the 15th year of Hongzhi (AD 1502). Zhao Kuan didn't say what it was based on, and its origin was unknown. In addition, another poem by Yue Fei mentioned in Zhao Kuan's epitaph, "Send Mr. Yanzi to the Northern Expedition", was proved to be forged by the Ming people. Before that, this word did not exist in the works of Song and Yuan Dynasties. Why did it suddenly appear after the middle of the Ming Dynasty? The second is. The author further researches that in the Ming Dynasty, northern Tatars once invaded Gansu and Liangshan through Helan Mountain. In the 11th year of Hongzhi in Ming Dynasty (1498), Amin general Wang Yue fought against Tatars in Helan Mountain and won. Therefore, "stepping on Helan Mountain Que" and "stepping on Helan Mountain Que" were really anti-Japanese slogans in the middle of the Ming Dynasty, not in the Southern Song Dynasty. Later, in the late 1960s, Xia also wrote "A Textual Research on Yue Fei's Poem Manjianghong". In addition to agreeing with his doubts, he also found a proof from the content of the poem, that is, the problem referred to by the place name of "Helan Mountain Que". He thinks that the Huanglong House where Yue Fei cut gold is in today's Jilin Province, and Helan Mountain is west of today's Inner Mongolia Hetao. In the Southern Song Dynasty, it belonged to Xixia, not the land of Jin. If the word really comes from Yue Fei, it should not be recited like this. This is a ... If Helan Mountain is different from the "Yumen" and "Tianshan Mountain" usually mentioned by predecessors, it entered the history books and began in the Northern Song Dynasty. During the Tang and Song Dynasties, people took Helan Mountain as a reference in their poems, and so did it after the middle of Ming Dynasty. It seems unreasonable to mention the "good back" of stone in general. Here are two. 1980, there has been an upsurge of discussion on this issue at home and abroad. For example, Taiwan Province China Times published an article by Sun Shuyu, which once again questioned Man Jianghong's lyricist. He first pointed out that his stories and allusions, such as Thirty Laws and Eight Thousand Miles of Clouds and Moon, are all well-known materials, and it is easy for a prospective author to write such words. Secondly, he thinks that the style of the word "Manjianghong" is quite different from that of another word of Yue Fei, Xiao Chongshan, which has been proved. The former is impassioned and heroic, while the latter is a reflection of his melancholy psychology during his years of struggle. In contrast, "Man Jiang Hong" is a word with action and ambition but no experience. Deng Guangming, Wang Qi and Ang Lee held different opinions and demonstrated from different angles. Deng Guangming wrote at the beginning of 198 1 May that Yue Fei's Man Jiang Hong is not a fake. He thinks: First, Yue Lin and York didn't accept this word, which only shows that the descendants of Yue Fei are lacking in this respect. According to the existing historical data, Yue Lin and his son do have some missing evidence. For example, Yue Fei's "heroic spirit" recorded in "Bing Tuilu" vowed to avenge the king. The poem "Wan Huhou, don't ask, don't go to the altar" doesn't appear in the anthology compiled by York. If we rule out the possibility that their father and son didn't collect it at that time, we can conclude that it is fake. Then, if this poem appeared in the works of Ming people, it was because of the loss of "Bing Tuilu", can it be doubted? In addition, from the ideological content reflected in Man Jiang Hong, it is consistent with other poems of Yue Fei. For example, "I swear to avenge you, cut off stubborn evil and drive a car" is a portrayal of "waiting to clean up the old mountains and rivers from the beginning and face the sky", isn't "Mo Wen went to the altar to go to Wan Huhou" a footnote of "dust of thirty fame"? For example, some inscriptions in the Collection were written anytime and anywhere when Yue Fei was marching in the war, which should be his true inner record at that time. Since Yue Fei has the idea embodied in "Man Jiang Hong" and the ability to write poems and lyrics, why can't he lyric lyrics? Secondly, regarding the geographical position of "stepping on Helan Mountain Que" in the poem "Man Jiang Hong", he thinks that "Helan Mountain Que" refers to a general rather than a real general, just as "Land Rover Meat" and "Hun Blood" in the poem refer to Jurchen rather than Xiongnu, that is, enemies in a broad sense. Thirdly, if the author of "Man Jiang Hong" is Wang Yue, why did he marry Yue Fei instead of boasting about his exploits? What he wrote is true, so can the sentence "Jingkang is ashamed, it is still snowing" be written in general? If it is "reflecting the geographical situation and consciousness of the times of the Ming people", then what is this incident of national subjugation alluding to the Ming Dynasty? It seems unconvincing to put aside the overall idea reflected by the word "Manjianghong" and dwell on the geographical location of "Helan Mountain Que". Ang Lee put forward different opinions on Sun Shuyu's article. He believes that from the historical comparison and text content, "Thirty Fames, Dust Settled" can be seen that Yue Fei was made in his thirties and forties. At the age of thirty, Yue Fei was in charge of the imperial court (A.D. 1 133). "Because of its great responsibility, I was deeply honored and moved, so I pretended to write this poem" Man Jiang Hong "with lofty aspirations. Yue Fei joined the army in his 20 s and entered the DPRK from Jiujiang in his 30 s. "Counting the itinerary, it is more than 8,000 miles." It is the same as the sentence of "eight thousand miles of clouds and moons" between the lines. When Yue Fei set up Sijiangzhou at the age of 30, he said, "It's autumn and it's rainy in the local area, so there is a sentence of' rain break' in his words". Therefore, "Man Jiang Hong" was written by Yue Fei in Jiujiang in the autumn of 1 133 to express his true feelings. He also discussed the styles of "Man Jiang Hong" and "Xiao Zhongshan", and thought that these two words were written in different times and their styles were naturally different, so the authors should not be criticized.