Later, the word "traitor" even became a part of the legal system. The National Government has formulated the Regulations on Punishing Traitors (1938) and the Regulations on Handling Traitors (1945) as the main tools to crack down on political enemies (mainly Wang Jingwei's Nanjing government). After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), the China * * * Production Party also issued the "Instructions on Confiscating the Property of War Criminals, Traitors, Bureaucratic Capitalists and Counterrevolutionaries" (195 1) to carry out political struggles against specific people.

One formulation of the word traitor is that during his stay in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, Malaysian businessman Chen Jiageng proposed to the Chongqing National Government that "the enemy should speak before withdrawing from our country and be punished as a traitor". This proposal was adopted by the second congress in Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, and was called "the greatest proposal at all times, at home and abroad" by Zou Taofen.