Albinism is a common disease caused by melanin deficiency in skin and its affiliated organs. It is a hereditary leukoplakia caused by congenital deficiency of tyrosinase or decreased tyrosinase function and melanin synthesis disorder. This kind of patients usually lack melanin in the skin, hair and eyes of the whole body, so there are five kinds of pigments in the retina of the eyes, the iris and pupil are pale pink, they are afraid of light and always squint at things. Skin, eyebrows, hair and other body hairs are white or white with yellow. People usually refer to such patients as "white-headed sheep". Albinism is a family hereditary disease with autosomal recessive inheritance, which occurs in people who get married by close relatives.

Early researchers had many different inferences about the causes of albinism, but none of them were correct. It was not until the beginning of the 20th century that scientists truly affirmed that albinism was caused by gene abnormality controlling tyrosinase, which is a congenital metabolic abnormality with a defective melanin production process, and belongs to a somatic chromosome recessive genetic disease, which is a monogenic genetic disease (tyrosinase can convert tyrosine into melanin). Melanin lacking in albinos is produced in pigment cells.

If you have albinism, you must actively cooperate with the treatment.