Building a new socialist countryside is an important measure to implement Scientific Outlook on Development, an inevitable requirement to smoothly promote modernization, an important deployment to solve the "three rural issues", a key task to build a well-off society in an all-round way and an important foundation to build a harmonious socialist society. How the land and resources management department supports and serves the construction of new socialist countryside is an arduous task before us. We should base ourselves on our duties, fulfill our duties, intervene in advance, take the initiative to participate, put support for new rural construction on the important agenda, and accelerate the pace of new rural construction.
First, unify thoughts, raise awareness and promote the construction of new countryside.
China put forward the concept of "new socialist countryside" as early as 1950s. In the early 1980s, building a new socialist countryside was regarded as an important part of a well-off society. The Fifth Plenary Session of the 16th CPC Central Committee put forward "building a new socialist countryside" at a new historical starting point. From the historical background, the support is stronger. What we want to build now is a new countryside with developed production, affluent life, civilized rural customs, clean village appearance and democratic management. This is both a comprehensive goal and a long-term task.
During the Tenth Five-Year Plan period, the adjustment and growth of China's economy, whether in terms of GDP, government revenue or the investment scale of the whole society, increased by more than 1 times in five years. However, with the rapid economic and social development in China, farmers are lagging behind the modernization process, and the income gap between urban and rural residents is widening. This is quite unfavorable for building a well-off society and a harmonious society in an all-round way. China's weak agricultural foundation also needs to be changed. In 2005, although the national grain output increased by more than 50 million tons over the previous year, it was still less than the highest year in history by more than 28 million tons. Building a new socialist countryside has become an urgent task related to the sustained and stable development of China's economy and society.
New background. The construction of new countryside is a subject put forward after China entered a new development stage of promoting agriculture with industry and bringing countryside with cities. At present, the leading industry of China's national economy has changed from agriculture to non-agricultural industries, and the driving force of economic growth mainly comes from non-agricultural industries. According to international experience, China has now reached the stage where industry feeds back agriculture. The focus of the policy of industry feeding back agriculture is not to directly subsidize farmers' income or prices of agricultural products, but to shift from supporting industry with agricultural accumulation to strengthening support and protection for agriculture, and to increase the support of public finance for agriculture, so that public services can go deeper into rural areas and benefit farmers, and public finance can cover rural areas more. The formulation of building a new socialist countryside is consistent with the guiding ideology of solving the contradiction between urban and rural dual structure and coordinating urban and rural development formally put forward by the 16th National Congress of the Communist Party of China for the first time, and with the statement that solving the "three rural issues" is the top priority of the whole party's work. It is the concretization of coordinating urban and rural development, promoting agriculture through industry, and bringing rural areas with cities. This is the fundamental way to curb the widening gap between urban and rural areas, expand rural market demand, solve the "three rural issues" and build a well-off society in an all-round way. Promoting the construction of new socialist countryside not only puts forward more clear requirements for solving the problems concerning agriculture, countryside and farmers, but also provides a rare opportunity for doing well the work concerning agriculture, countryside and farmers after the economic development enters a new stage.
More comprehensive goals. The new rural construction is a huge systematic project, covering economic construction, political construction, cultural construction and social construction. The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China's Proposal on Formulating the Eleventh Five-year Plan for National Economic and Social Development describes a beautiful blueprint for the new countryside in 20 words: "production development, affluent life, civilized rural customs, clean village appearance and democratic management". The overall goal of promoting new rural construction should be: in the next 15 years or so, the overall appearance of rural areas will be greatly improved, and the gap between urban and rural areas will be significantly narrowed. The specific objectives should be: developing rural productive forces and promoting the sustained growth of farmers' income; Vigorously strengthen rural infrastructure construction and significantly improve farmers' production and living conditions; Accelerate the development of rural education, medical care, culture and other social undertakings, and form a good social atmosphere of family harmony, simple folk customs, mutual assistance and cooperation, stability and harmony; Strengthen the improvement of rural environmental sanitation and obviously change the appearance of villages; Promote the construction of democratic politics in rural areas and constantly improve farmers' awareness of democracy and the rule of law.
A more complete idea. In guiding ideology, a basic understanding is made clear, that is, the central task of new rural construction is to develop rural productive forces, and new rural construction cannot be simply understood as new village construction; It is emphasized that we must adhere to the fundamental policy of coordinating urban and rural development and make steady progress on the basis of meeting farmers' wishes, bringing benefits to farmers and obtaining farmers' support. In terms of specific work ideas, we should not only pay attention to improving farmers' production and living conditions and living environment, but also change the appearance of villages and promote the all-round development of rural economy and society; It not only attaches importance to safeguarding farmers' material interests economically, but also attaches importance to respecting farmers' democratic rights politically, and emphasizes continuing to promote rural grassroots democracy construction; It not only emphasizes promoting the reform and development of agriculture and rural areas themselves, but also attaches importance to industry feeding back agriculture and cities driving rural areas; It not only emphasizes the support and guidance of the government, but also arouses the enthusiasm of farmers and advocates the participation of social forces; Based on solving the current outstanding problems and focusing on long-term planning, this paper puts forward a policy framework to ensure the sustainable construction of new countryside. For the vast rural areas, promoting the construction of new socialist countryside will bring unprecedented changes and inject new vitality into the development of the whole countryside.
Most of China's land resources are distributed in rural areas, and many policies of land resources management are directly related to the development and stability of rural society. Land and resources work is related to the construction of new socialist countryside. In the final analysis, building a new countryside means developing economy, increasing income, democratic mechanism, civilized spirit, social stability, reform and mobilizing the enthusiasm of all parties, especially farmers, which all put forward new and higher requirements for land and resources work. Land and resources departments at all levels should, on the basis of further improving their understanding and unifying their thinking, base themselves on their own duties and take active actions to do a good job in related work and make new contributions to the construction of new socialist countryside in China.
Second, analyze the present situation, improve the present situation and promote the construction of new countryside.
It is impossible to build a new socialist countryside overnight, which determines the long-term and arduous nature of building a well-off society in rural areas. Building a new socialist countryside is not a political slogan, let alone a performance project. Like building a well-off society in rural areas in an all-round way, it is a systematic project that is interdependent, interrelated and mutually promoting, with a broad future and a long way to go. Therefore, it is necessary to combine the reality of Xinjiang and carry out the work realistically according to the present situation.
The land area of Xinjiang is1664,900 square kilometers, accounting for about 1/6 of the total land area of China. By the end of 2004, there were 63,045,800 hectares of agricultural land in Xinjiang (including 4,025,500 hectares of cultivated land), accounting for 37.89% of the total land area. Construction land 12 10500 hectares, accounting for 0.72%; Unused land 102233500 hectares, accounting for 6 1.39%. Land use is characterized by vertical zonality and oasis irrigation agriculture in the basin, which has the advantage of developing characteristic agriculture.
Xinjiang is located in the temperate continental arid and semi-arid climate zone in the hinterland of Asia and Europe, with less precipitation and strong evaporation. Forest and grassland vegetation are mainly distributed in mountainous areas, and the vast plains are mostly deserts with sparse vegetation, showing the pattern of oasis embedded in the desert on the edge of the basin, with fragile ecological environment and serious desertification threat. Due to drought and lack of rain, soil leaching is weak, excessive irrigation and serious water leakage in the canal system make the groundwater level rise, and soil salinization is serious under strong evaporation. The special geographical location and topography cause the low self-purification ability of land pollution in the autonomous region.
In terms of land use, there is also a problem of low land utilization rate; Insufficient investment and poor infrastructure; The construction of water conservancy projects is lagging behind, and the ability of water resources regulation is poor; The land use structure is unreasonable and the utilization efficiency is poor; Unreasonable use leads to the decline of land quality and the deterioration of ecological environment; The pace of erection is accelerated, the growth rate of construction land is fast, the amount of cultivated land occupied by construction is increasing rapidly, and the contradiction between cultivated land protection and construction occupation is increasingly prominent; Low utilization rate of construction land, economical and intensive use.
Seeing problems and shortcomings means finding gaps and working better and more effectively. In research, practice and exploration, we have captured the great potential of development. The autonomous region is rich in reserve resources of cultivated land, and there are many wasteland and abandoned cultivated land in cultivated land, which has great potential for land development and consolidation.
In terms of the potential of agricultural land development and utilization, the potential of cultivated land consolidation in autonomous region is great. The autonomous region plans to arrange 2,264,200 hectares of cultivated land, and 435,600 hectares of agricultural land can be increased, of which 370,300 hectares can be increased. Cultivated land consolidation can not only improve the ecological environment in agricultural areas, improve the ability to resist natural disasters, but also reduce the labor intensity, increase the effective cultivated land area, improve the quality of cultivated land, increase employment and the income of farmers and herdsmen, which is one of the important ways to promote the construction of new countryside.
The integration potential of rural residential areas. The per capita land area of rural residential areas in Xinjiang is 395.26 square meters, which is much higher than the national average. Rural residential courtyard has a large economic land. The consolidation area of rural residential areas is 6.5438+0.55 million hectares, which can supplement 0.69 million hectares of cultivated land. Through the consolidation of rural residential areas, we can tap the land potential of rural residential areas, improve land use efficiency, improve the human environment, promote rural economic development, and comprehensively promote the process of new rural construction.
Land improvement potential. The land area to be reclaimed in Xinjiang is 40 1 10,000 hectares, which can increase agricultural land by 29,600 hectares, including 22,300 hectares of cultivated land. Through land reclamation, the ecological environment can be improved, the area of agricultural land and construction land can be increased, and the contradiction of land use can be alleviated.
Land development potential. The total land reserve resources in Xinjiang are14,866,700 hectares. Before 2030, the reserve resources of cultivated land with guaranteed water source and concentrated contiguous area of more than 2 million hectares will be 33 1.73 million hectares, which is the centralized distribution area of cultivated land reserve resources in China. The degree of water resources development and utilization determines the level of land development and utilization. Under the condition of new water conservancy facilities, the water resources storage capacity will be further enhanced, which will greatly promote the land development and consolidation work and further tap the land development potential. Through land development, improving the land utilization rate and increasing the effective cultivated land area is one of the important ways to realize the dynamic balance of the total cultivated land in Xinjiang and even the whole country and ensure the food security in Xinjiang, which will effectively promote the construction of new countryside.
Three, perform their duties, safeguard rights and interests, and promote the construction of new countryside
Building a new socialist countryside is the key work of the whole party and society at present, and it is also a long-term and arduous historical task in the future. In my opinion, doing a good job in the management of land resources, especially land, protecting land resources (especially cultivated land), safeguarding farmers' legitimate rights and interests, rectifying the order of land market, actively studying policies and measures, and actively promoting development and stability are the real greatest support for us to build a new socialist countryside, and it is also an arduous and long-term task.
We should not only actively support the construction of new socialist countryside, but also implement the basic national policy of resource conservation, the policy of strict protection and rational utilization of resources and strict management system in the process of supporting the construction of new countryside. According to this idea, we feel that the work of land and resources to support the construction of new socialist countryside mainly includes the following tasks:
First, give full play to the overall coordination role of land use planning and planning, and provide scientific basis for rational land use in new rural construction. We should give full play to the overall role of planning in the construction of new countryside. In accordance with the strategic deployment and overall requirements of new rural construction, under the premise of strictly protecting cultivated land, focusing on controlling construction land and focusing on saving intensive land, we will promptly carry out a new round of overall land use planning in Xinjiang. Before the end of the year, the overall land use planning in Xinjiang will be basically completed, and preparations will be made for the construction of planning database and management information system. Do a good job in the study of major issues in the preliminary work of the overall land use planning at the prefecture (city) and county (city) levels, speed up the work of "four inventory" and "four control", and complete it before the end of the year. Improve the overall land use planning (town), optimize the structure and layout of agricultural land and construction land, and make overall arrangements for urban and rural land use. The revision of the overall land use planning of the new rural construction demonstration sites should give priority, intervene in advance, take the initiative and keep up with the pace. It is necessary to listen to the opinions and suggestions from all walks of life, fully respect the wishes of farmers, and enhance the openness and transparency of planning.
The second is to strictly protect cultivated land, especially basic farmland, and promote protection through construction. Further implement the "Decision of the State Council on Deepening Reform and Strict Land Management", adhere to the strictest farmland protection system, and ensure that the number of basic farmland will not decrease, the use will not change, and the quality will be improved. In line with the overall land use planning and annual plan, it is necessary to further improve the examination and approval efficiency and service level, and highlight key projects. According to the overall goal of building a new countryside and the requirements of land consolidation planning, further deployment of land consolidation work. Adhere to the tilt of land consolidation to major grain producing areas, basic farmland protection areas and major land consolidation projects.
Strengthen the protection, supervision and management of basic farmland, especially the basic farmland in the major grain producing areas of the autonomous region, do a good job in the construction of basic farmland protection demonstration areas, and support the major grain producing areas to improve the comprehensive grain production capacity. Further implement the responsibility system for farmland protection focusing on the protection of basic farmland, carry out the verification of the balance of farmland occupation and compensation in the whole region, and urge the establishment of a balance account of farmland occupation and compensation; Study and formulate the management measures for the collection and use of cultivated land reclamation fees in the autonomous region, the measures for supplementing cultivated land in the whole region and the compensation measures for collective land occupied by key projects, implement the compensation system for cultivated land occupation, and ensure the balance of cultivated land occupation and compensation in the whole region. According to the arrangement of the Ministry of Land and Resources, do a good job in the preparation of the implementation plan for the conversion of supplementary cultivated land grades.
According to the Technical Requirements for Compilation of Implementation Plans for Major Land Development and Consolidation Projects in China, further improve the Implementation Plan for Major Land Development Projects in Yili River Basin; Start the land development and consolidation project in the Yili River Basin, and focus on organizing and implementing the demonstration area project and the land development and consolidation project in the south bank main canal irrigation area of the Yili River Basin. Pay close attention to the compilation of the Implementation Plan of Land Development and Consolidation Project in the Northern Oasis Area of Junggar Basin and the Implementation Plan of Saline-alkali Farmland Consolidation Project in the Southern Oasis Area of Tianshan Mountain, which will be completed before the end of August 2006, and strive to pass the expert argumentation and evaluation before the end of the year. According to the requirements of the Ministry of Land and Resources, the construction standards of land development and consolidation projects in the autonomous region were compiled. Establish an inspection mechanism for land development and consolidation projects and strengthen project implementation and management.
Conscientiously implement the "the State Council Decision on Deepening Reform and Strict Land Management", reasonably control the number of new construction land, encourage the revitalization of existing construction land, and promote the formation of an intensive land use mechanism. Further standardize and develop the land market and improve the degree of market-oriented allocation of land and resources. Conscientiously implement the Opinions of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region on Making Full Use of State-owned Unused Land to Accelerate the Industrialization Construction of the Autonomous Region, and encourage powerful enterprises inside and outside the region to use non-cultivated land for project construction. Vigorously support the construction of parks with distinctive characteristics, strong industrial relevance and strong radiation-driven ability, and provide land services and land security for the construction of economic industrial clusters with characteristics in the autonomous region. For the identified land for key construction projects in the country and the autonomous region, it is necessary to intervene in advance, do a good job in land acquisition, and ensure that the project starts on time.
The third is to strengthen the management of rural construction land and vigorously promote economical and intensive land use. At present, the total urban land in Xinjiang is 82,300 hectares, and there are 4,700 hectares of idle land in urban land in the whole region. With the development of urbanization and the in-depth implementation of the policy of saving and intensive land use, it is promising to make full use of idle land. In the construction of new countryside, according to the overall land use planning and rural construction planning, we should transform houses and infrastructure on the existing basis, make full use of existing construction land such as residential land and idle homestead in the village, and make full use of low gentle slopes and "four barren" land that does not occupy or occupy less cultivated land. Where conditions permit, we should, on the premise of fully respecting farmers' wishes, guide farmers' housing to be concentrated in central villages and towns, rural industries to be concentrated in industrial land areas, and agriculture to be concentrated in promised scale operations, promote economy and intensification, and improve the utilization rate of rural construction land.
To meet the requirements of new rural construction, we will steadily promote the pilot project of linking the increase and decrease of urban construction land and the transfer of collective non-agricultural construction land use rights, constantly sum up the pilot experience, and standardize and improve it in time. Strictly prevent large-scale construction from blindly demolishing, occupying cultivated land and harming farmers' interests. Insist on building new buildings and demolishing old ones. According to the principle of adjusting measures to local conditions, the vacated land should be reclaimed for construction. The land saved by village consolidation is given priority for rural economic and social development.
Fourth, strict land acquisition management, safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of landless farmers. In accordance with the requirements of narrowing the scope of land acquisition, improving compensation methods, broadening resettlement channels and standardizing land acquisition procedures, the reform of land acquisition system will be steadily promoted. Promoting the reform of land examination and approval system with the focus on changing functions. In the approval of agricultural land conversion and land expropriation, the quantity and scope of land expropriation should be strictly controlled. Strengthen the audit of compensation standards for land acquisition and resettlement measures for landless farmers. Land requisition compensation standards are illegal, resettlement measures are not implemented, the living standards of landless farmers can not be effectively guaranteed, and long-term livelihood can not be guaranteed, and land shall not be submitted for approval. Further standardize the procedures of land expropriation, and guarantee the right to know, participate, supervise and make statements of the landless farmers. We will further implement the reform measures for land acquisition compensation and resettlement, and focus on establishing a coordination and adjudication mechanism for land acquisition compensation and resettlement disputes, a mass interest appeal mechanism and a rights protection mechanism. Vigorously promote the pre-emptive system in land acquisition compensation, study and establish a coordination mechanism for land acquisition disputes, and earnestly safeguard the rights and interests of land-expropriated farmers.
Fifth, vigorously strengthen the monitoring and prevention of geological disasters in rural areas to protect the lives and property of farmers. Do a good job in flood season geological disaster inspection, flood season duty, emergency investigation, disaster quick report, group monitoring and prevention, meteorological forecast and early warning. , to minimize or avoid people's personal injuries and property losses. We will carry out investigation and division of geological disasters in counties (cities) and emergency investigation and management of geological disasters, actively promote the pilot construction of a network system for monitoring and preventing geological disasters, and improve the ability of the whole society to prevent and reduce disasters. Comprehensive implementation of geological disaster risk assessment in villages and towns and infrastructure construction. In the agricultural and pastoral areas where geological disasters are widespread and cause great losses to people's lives and property, according to the principle of voluntary participation of farmers and herdsmen, on the basis of scientific investigation and reasonable planning, the work of preventing and avoiding geological disasters will be implemented step by step and in stages.
Seriously organize and implement the state-funded mine geological environment control project, the capacity building project of groundwater information center in Urumqi River Basin, and the geological disaster monitoring and early warning demonstration project. As soon as possible, we will establish an investment mechanism for the restoration and management of natural ecological environment in mines, and where conditions permit, we will promptly establish a reserve fund system for the restoration and management of natural ecological environment in mines. Strengthen environmental protection and comprehensive management of rural mines. Accelerate the rectification and integration of small rural mines. Continue to strengthen the investigation and evaluation of rural groundwater and hydrogeological exploration of water supply in water-deficient areas.
The construction of new countryside is a comprehensive project and a long-term and arduous task. We should proceed from reality, be good at summing up experience, study policies, solve new problems in new rural construction in time, ensure the healthy development of new rural construction, and promote land and resources management in an orderly manner. It is necessary to carry out the activities of "perfecting the system and improving the quality" in depth, which is an important guarantee for further doing a good job in land and resources and supporting the construction of new countryside. Focus on strengthening the construction of township land and resources. Further straighten out the management system, strengthen team building and improve the ability to serve the construction of new countryside.