It has gone through four stages. On the eve of the founding of New China, China Central Committee and Mao Zedong proposed that the new China would pursue a peaceful foreign policy according to the international environment at that time and the experience and lessons of China's democratic revolution for decades. Its basic principles are: first, "start a new stove." That is, we should not recognize all the old humiliating diplomatic relations established by the National Government, but establish new equal diplomatic relations with other countries on a new basis. Second, "clean the house first and then treat." That is, we should first eliminate the remnants of imperialism in China and ban all the privileges of imperialism in China, and then consider establishing diplomatic relations with western countries. Third, "one-sided." That is to say, to socialism. Under the specific historical conditions and international environment that the world was divided into two camps at that time, the China government firmly stood on the side of the Eastern Group headed by the Soviet Union and put the development of diplomatic relations with the Soviet Union and people's democratic countries in the first place. According to the above-mentioned basic principles, after the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), China's diplomatic work was gradually carried out. First, establish diplomatic relations with the Soviet Union, people's democratic countries in Eastern Europe and Asia; Second, actively develop friendly relations with neighboring countries and emerging nation-states and put forward the "Five Principles of Peace"; Third, we fought tit-for-tat against the aggressive policies and behaviors of the United States, such as giving the United States a heavy blow on the Korean battlefield and forcing it to sign an armistice agreement, which is a typical example; The fourth is to attend the Geneva international conference, which solved the development prospect of Indian zhina region; Fifth, attend the Asian-African Conference and put forward the policy of "seeking common ground while reserving differences", which promoted the success of the Conference and strengthened ties with Asian and African countries. Second, anti-Soviet and anti-American-the diplomatic strategy of "hitting people with both fists" In the 1960s, the international situation changed greatly: the Soviet Union pursued hegemonic policies abroad; The Eastern Group is in turmoil and divided; National independence movement is on the rise, and the third world is on the rise. In this situation, China's diplomacy has withstood a severe test, and at the same time, under the pressure of the two superpowers, the United States and the Soviet Union, it has made pioneering progress. It is manifested in the following aspects: First, the struggle against hegemony was launched. Facing the pressure and threat from the Soviet Union in politics, economy, military affairs and diplomacy, the China administration fought tit-for-tat with the Soviet Union's chauvinism and hegemonism in order to defend its sacred sovereignty. The second is the struggle against American imperialism. In view of the events such as the United States instigating Chiang Kai-shek's group to counterattack the mainland, supporting the Indian war against China, and escalating the Vietnam War, the China administration issued the slogan "People all over the world unite to defeat American imperialism and its lackeys". Third, vigorously support the world national liberation movement. During this period, China established diplomatic relations with independent Asian and African countries, which expanded China's influence in the world. Third, unite the United States to contain the Soviet Union-After the diplomatic strategy of "one line and one large area" entered the 1970s, the international environment in which China lived has undergone tremendous changes, and the balance of power between the United States and the Soviet Union has changed in favor of the Soviet Union. In order to cope with the competition with the Soviet Union, the United States had to adjust its foreign policy and actively seek to improve US-China relations in order to contain the Soviet Union. In response to the changes in the situation, the China government has also adjusted its foreign strategy in a timely manner. Under the guidance of Mao Zedong's "Three Worlds" strategic thought, China has strengthened its unity and cooperation with third world countries, improved its relations with western countries and promoted the significant development of China's foreign relations. The first is the relaxation of Sino-US relations. Sino-US relations took the opportunity of US President Nixon's visit to China in February, 1972 normalized, and 1979 formally established diplomatic relations. Secondly, the development of Sino-Japanese relations. Under the direct impetus of the relaxation of Sino-US relations, Japanese Prime Minister tanaka kakuei visited China on 1972 and signed an agreement on the normalization of diplomatic relations between China and Japan. In addition, China has established or resumed diplomatic relations with Western Europe, the South Pacific, Eastern Europe and some neighboring countries. Another outstanding achievement of China's diplomatic relations during this period was that China's legitimate seat in the United Nations, including the permanent seat of the Security Council, was restored at the 26th session of the United Nations General Assembly in June19710. Fourth, develop friendly relations with foreign countries in an all-round way-a new diplomatic strategy of "all-round" In the late 1970s and early 1980s, great changes took place in the international situation. Due to the ups and downs of their respective economic and military strength, the United States and the Soviet Union presented a strategic situation of mutual attack and defense. At the same time, the strength of western Europe, Japan and third world countries is developing rapidly. Starting from the practical needs of maintaining world peace and promoting development, and on the basis of in-depth summing up historical experience, China's foreign policy was greatly adjusted in the early 1980s. Is to establish a new concept of war and peace. Judging from the current general situation in the world, world peace can be maintained. Although the danger of war still exists, the forces restricting war have developed gratifying, and it is possible that a large-scale world war will not happen for a long time. Therefore, opposing hegemonism and power politics and safeguarding world peace have become China's national policy. Second, the basic national policy of opening to the outside world has been formulated. "Now the world is an open world. Externally, we should further implement the open policy. Decades of experience tell us that it is impossible to build behind closed doors and it is impossible to develop. " The implementation of this policy will continue to play an active role in China's modernization. Third, the principle of independence has been given new content. Manifested as a non-aligned policy. On the basis of the Five Principles of Peace, we will develop friendly and cooperative relations with any country to jointly safeguard peace and promote development. Fourth, the concept of "one country, two systems" was put forward. "One country, two systems" not only provides a brand-new model for all countries in the world to achieve national reunification by peaceful means, but also provides a new experience for solving international disputes left over by history and developing relations between countries and regions with different social systems by peaceful means. The timely adjustment of the above policies has created a new situation in China's diplomatic work, thus presenting a new situation in its foreign relations. China's relations with neighboring countries, third world countries and western countries have made remarkable progress, and exchanges and cooperation in economy, trade, science and technology, culture and other fields have been strengthened. On the international stage, China is playing an increasingly important role in world peace and development.