Zhang is now the third largest surname in China. Ji's surname originated from the ancestor Xuanyuan Huangdi. It is an important part of China people. Zhang's surname originated from the son of the Yellow Emperor and the grandson of Qingyang. Because of the invention of archers, he was given the surname of Chinese workers, Changyu Qingyang (now Qinghe, Hebei). The surname Zhang is widely distributed. For example, Zhang ranks first in Shanghai, with many celebrities, such as Zhang Yi, strategist, valiant soldier Zhang Fei, Zhang Heng, doctor Zhang Zhongjing, diplomat Zhang Jian, calligrapher Zhang Xu, poet Zhang Jiuling, painter Zhang Zeduan, national hero Zhang Zizhong, industrialist Zhang Qian and revolutionary Zhang Wentian. You can go to Qinghe in Hebei, Puyang in Henan and Hongdong in Shanxi. A detailed investigation can be found in zhangjiapu, The Complete Collection of Surnames in China and other historical materials. Henan Puyang Swing Cemetery. The origin of Zhang surname is the migration and distribution of ancestors. County Wang Tang Nuo. Zhang's Ancestral Hall in Nigou Township, Puning City, Guangdong Province reported to this hall. Quoting Zhang Gongyi's forbearing family precepts, Zhang's celebrity historical celebrities, the clan characteristics of modern celebrity artists, Zhang's ancestral hall couplet Zhang's ancestral hall lintel inscription Zhang's ancestral hall four words couplet Zhang's ancestral hall five words couplet Zhang's ancestral hall six words couplet Zhang's ancestral hall seven words couplet Zhang's ancestral hall seven words couplet Zhang's ancestral hall seven words above the couplet Zhang's ancestral memorial story make the finishing point, Forgive abuse and Zhang's chat notes on "Riding a donkey can teach" quote Zhang Gongyi's forbearing family precepts, Zhang's celebrity history celebrities, the clan characteristics of modern celebrity artists, Zhang's ancestral temple, Zhang's ancestral temple lintel inscription, Zhang's ancestral temple, Zhang's ancestral temple, Zhang's five-character couplet, Zhang's ancestral temple, six-character couplet, Zhang's ancestral temple, seven-character couplet, Zhang's ancestral temple and more than seven-character couplet, which makes the finishing point and absolves abuse, and Zhang's son can teach " A monument of "surname originated from Henan" was erected in the Expo Park. Among them, the third place is "Puyang Zhang surname". (4) According to the information provided by Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Hometown Map of the Most Popular Surnames in Henan shows that 73 of the most commonly used surnames in 100 are from Henan. Among them, Zhang surname and Yao surname originated from Puyang. According to 1, historical basis. 2. Cultural relics. 3 genealogical records. According to the contemporary research results, 1 comes from the Yellow Emperor, and then the waves. According to the genealogy table of prime ministers in the book of the New Tang Dynasty, "The son of the Yellow Emperor, Qingyang Wuzi, wielded a bow and arrow, and later generations gave him the surname Zhang." According to Yuan He's compilation, "Qingyang, the fifth son of the Yellow Emperor, was born and lingering, making bows and arrows because of his surname Zhang, and worshiping arc stars." As can be seen from the records of the above two historical materials, it was once the inventor of an important weapon bow, and was later named Zhang. Zhang's totem, a branch of Zhang's surname handed down directly from the Yellow Emperor, was named after living in Qingyang, which is located in the south of Qinghe (now east of Qinghe County, Hebei Province). Later, aristocratic families also came from this area. It belongs to the Zhang family in Hebei. 2, from the descendants of the Yellow Emperor Ji surname. According to Genealogy, in the Spring and Autumn Period, there was a doctor in the State of Jin named Zhang, whose grandson was also named Zhang. In addition, Zhang was an official in the Jin Dynasty. After Korea, Zhao and Wei carved up the State of Jin in 403 BC, most of them moved away with the capitals of the three countries except some. Among them, Zhang, who moved to South Korea, had a great influence and entered the DPRK as an official in previous dynasties. South Korea started in Pingyang (now southwest of Linfen, Shanxi), then moved south to Yiyang (now Hancheng, Yiyang County, Henan Province), then moved to Yangzhai (now Yuzhou, Henan Province), and finally moved to Zheng (now Xinzheng, Henan Province). Zhao Chu established Jinyang (now southwest of Taiyuan, Shanxi), then moved to Zhongmou (now west of Hebi, Henan), and finally moved to Handan (now Hebei). Wei started from Anyi (now northwest of Xia County, Shanxi Province) and later moved to Daliang (now Kaifeng City, Henan Province). It's for the Zhang family in Shanxi, Hebei and Henan. 3, from the given surname or his surname, his family changed his surname. According to Records of the Historian, Zhuge Liang of Shu gave Zhang the surname when Long, the leader of the Nan people, was taken by the Three Kingdoms, and later generations took Zhang as their surname. Zhang Liao, the general of Wei, whose real name was Nie, was later changed to Zhang, who lived in Mayi, Yanmen (now Shuoxian County, Shanxi Province) and later became the most popular surname. In addition, people with Han and Ji surnames and some branches of ethnic minorities such as Wuhuan, Jurchen, Jiejie, Xianbei, Xiongnu and Qidan all changed their surnames to Zhang. According to the statistics of the Ministry of Public Security, the most populous surname is Zhang Pai, with 87.502 million people, accounting for 6.83% of the total population in China. The editor of this paragraph is surnamed Zhang Hui. Zhang was born a long time ago, with a history of about five thousand years. In the era of the earliest ancestor of mankind, Huangdi had a son named Zhang Huihao, who was the ancestor of Zhang Shao-Qingyang. Yao, his son, is very smart since he was a child and likes to think. Once, he looked at the night sky and was inspired by the combination of stars. After research, he invented the bow. At that time, people basically made a living by hunting, and the invention of the bow was a great event, so the Yellow Emperor named it "Gong Zheng", also known as "Gong Chang", and combined the official names into one and gave it the surname "Zhang". Zhang Hui became Zhang's ancestor. It is said that Zhang's ancestor was called "Hua". He is the grandson of the Yellow Emperor (the son of the Yellow Emperor) and a great inventor. He invented the bow and arrow and the net. Bows and arrows and nets, as new production tools at that time, enabled people to hunt more birds and animals, catch more fish and shrimp, and reduce the harm of wild animals to themselves. The clan and tribe to which Bo belongs have produced bows and arrows and fishing nets for generations, so his descendants take "Zhang" as their surname. The Yellow Emperor is Zhang's recognized blood ancestor and the leader of the Chinese tribal alliance in the ancient legend era. He ruled the world with virtue, benevolence, faith, selecting talents and appointing talents, and severely punishing stubborn killers, creating a prosperous time of singing and dancing. Zhang Hui is the ancestor of Zhang's surname, but there are two different views on the relationship between Zhang Hui and the Yellow Emperor. One view is that Zhang Hui is the son of the Yellow Emperor, and the other view is that he is the son of Qingyang, Shao Hao, the son of the Yellow Emperor, that is, Zhang Hui is the grandson of the Yellow Emperor. Although the historical records of surnames, such as Yuan He's Compilation, Book of Ancient and Modern Surnames, Jipian Surnames, New Tang Book and Prime Minister's Spectrum Table, are different, they all claim that Zhang is the grandson of the Yellow Emperor, saying that Zhang is from Ji, the son of the Yellow Emperor, Qingyang, and wields bows and arrows. In fact, he set out to fetch animals and worship arc stars. Later generations of Zhang compiled Zhang's Genealogy and Zhang's Genealogy, which many people use. Long Jiayin rebuilt the Tang version of Zhang's Genealogy, Volume III, A Textual Research on the Origin of Surnames: "Zhang is from Xuanyuan, a native of Jintian, also known as Qingyang. Wuzi waved an arrow, and the official went to Gong Zheng, worshiping Arc Star and taking charge, and gave him the surname Zhang. " Zhang Hui, the son of the Yellow Emperor, was called "Guang Yun" and "Yi Shi" by Ma Su, and many genealogies of Zhang's descendants agreed with this statement. China people's surnames in the main hall have their origins and follow certain principles. The principles of naming surnames can be summarized as: country, city, township, pavilion, and names, characters, birth order, official position, official name, rank, rank, country name, technology, affairs, posthumous title, posthumous title, clan, clan and so on. Zhang's ancestral surname is also based on the above principles. Although ancient literature records hold different opinions on whether Zhang Hui is the son of the Yellow Emperor or the grandson of the Yellow Emperor, there is no big difference in Zhang Hui's own situation, and they all admit the basic facts that he made bows and arrows, made official bows and worshipped arc stars. However, careful readers will also find from our previous literature that remembering Zhang's lingering surname is slightly different from "watching bows and arrows, giving the surname Zhang", "making bows and arrows at the beginning, making official bows and arrows, worshiping arc stars, giving the surname Zhang" and "making long bows and arrows, being good at Zhang Gang, being hereditary and giving the surname Zhang". On this basis, we can say that the lingering surname is Zhang, that skill is a profession, that official is a surname, or that official is a surname. Gong Hui Club Gong Hui Club is located in Qinghe County, Hebei Province. It is the birthplace of the Zhang family, and the World Zhang Family Friendship Association is held here every year. In 2009, Zhang's descendants from more than 30 countries at home and abroad attended the 4th World Zhang Clan Congress. Zhang Park in Qinghe County has one hall and two parks. "One Hall", that is, China Zhang Ancestral Hall (also known as China Zhang Ancestral Hall), based on the original image of "Mingtang", deduces the "product" style of ancient ancestral worship architecture. The planned construction area is 60,000 square meters, about 90 mu, and the surrounding areas, squares, corridors, etc. are * * * 300 mu. The "two gardens" of Zhang's ancestral hall in Nigou Township, Liaoyuan Town, Puning City, namely Zhang's cultural ecological park and the world Zhang's industrial park. Zhang Cultural Ecological Park surrounds the museum, based on the existing 1000 mu forest park, with the "bow" lake and "ecological" forest as the overall framework, radiating nearly 5,000 mu around, creating a high-grade cultural ecological park integrating ecology, tourism, culture and leisure. Tianxiazhang Industrial Park, including the cashmere park in the provincial development zone and the Zhang Ecological Park, has a conceptual plan of about 30 square kilometers. It is planned to attract investment as a whole and develop in sections, and eventually it will become a well-known international and domestic park relying on characteristic industries, led by high-tech industries, and gathering talents to start businesses. The migration and distribution of this section is an pictograph, which looks like a person who wants to shoot an arrow with a bow. Zhang, in traditional Chinese, is a combination of a bow and a length. People surnamed Zhang often say "bow" when introducing their surnames to others, which shows that they attach great importance to the word "bow" in surnames. From the perspective of philology, "bow" is also the core of the word "Zhang". Zhang Zi was not found in Oracle Bone Inscriptions, but there are many inscriptions on bronzes and stone tools, and their writing styles are also different. Although these words are written in different ways, they have a basic feature, that is, they cannot be separated from bows, arrows and lengths, especially bows. It can be said that without a bow, there is no Zhang. Judging from the evolution of glyphs, Zhang was originally a combination of bows and arrows. Bow and arrow are naturally combined into one. Where there is a bow, there must be a target, which need not be emphasized. So the arrow gradually withdrew and gave way to the longbow, and finally stabilized into a longbow complex. A long bow means that this bow is more powerful than an ordinary bow. Zhang Zi has many meanings. The New Chinese Dictionary has 2 1 meaning, and the general dictionary has more than ten meanings such as exaggeration, openness, vigor, prosperity, posting, reading, reading, expansion and layout. However, most of them come from later generations, and there are not many meanings recorded in the earliest Chinese dictionary of Zhang Fang Zuci in Nigou Township, Liaoyuan Town, Puning City. "Shuo Wen Jie Zi" said: "Zhang, bow string is also. From the bow, long sound. " Guangya Shi San: "Zhang," There is another meaning, which can be seen: "Luo takes birds and animals and says Zhang." He also said, "Zhang, set it up and set it as a machine trap to serve birds and animals." Zhang also has a surname based on the name of his ancestors. During the Spring and Autumn Period, there was a man named Zhang Hou in the State of Jin, named Zhang Jie. Later, he took the word grandfather as his surname. Since then, the state of Jin has a surname of Zhang. In 403 BC, after Zhao, Han and Wei carved up the State of Jin, Zhang's population was also scattered in three vassal states. Both of these statements explain the origin, reproduction and even the reason why it has become the third largest surname today. First, Zhang has a long history and is one of the earliest surnames in China, which is highly valued. In primitive clan society, hunting is an extremely important means for people to make a living, and the status and role of bows and arrows can be imagined. Moreover, at that time, a few tribes in Dongyi flourished all over the vast area between Shandong Peninsula, northern Jiangsu and Jianghuai. According to legend, Shang tribe is its direct descendant. Second, the surname Zhang is widely distributed, and Jin has this surname. As the three clans divided into Jin, they spread all over Zhao, Han and Wei, that is, the vast areas of North China and Central Plains today. There are still many people who have been given the surname Zhang; For example, in the Three Kingdoms, Zhuge Liang gave Longyou a title; Zhang Liao, the general of Cao Wei, was originally named Nie and later changed his surname to Zhang. Many non-Han people changed their surnames to Zhang. The Tejia family in Jin Dynasty took Zhang as their surname because they lived in Zhanghuangbao for generations. In the Yuan Dynasty, many Mongolians and Semu people changed their surnames to Han, and they often changed their surnames to Han, which also expanded Zhang's population. According to records, during the Jin Dynasty, Zhang moved from the Central Plains to Fujian. During the general chapter, Zhang was ordered to enter Zhang's ancestral hall and was accompanied by Zhang's military school. After Wang Chao and Wang entered Fujian, people from Gushi, Henan, accompanied them to live in Meixi, Gutian, and were later named Liang Guogong. Zhang Fujian was roughly divided into Jianhu, Jin Po, Bangor and other schools according to its place of residence, and later moved to Guangdong. It is said that its ancestors came from Gushi, Gwangju, Henan. Since the early Qing Dynasty, Zhang people from Fujian and Guangdong have moved to Taiwan Province Province, and many people have gone abroad to make a living. Zhang is mostly from the north, mainly from the Han nationality, but many people have merged into ethnic minorities in many great ethnic integrations. Zhang, who has emigrated overseas, is now mainly distributed in Singapore, Indonesia, Thailand, the Philippines, the United States, Britain, France, Australia, Panama and other countries and Hong Kong. Editor's Note: After Wei and Jin Dynasties, people with the same surname who lived in different areas were called "Wang Jun". Qinghe County: The Han Dynasty was located in Qingyang (now southeast of Qinghe County, Hebei Province). This Zhang family lives in Wucheng, and its ancestor is Hou's grandson Zhang Xin. Fanyang County: In the Wei Dynasty of the Three Kingdoms, in the seventh year (AD 226), it was changed to a county, with jurisdiction (now Hebei). The ancestor of this Zhang family is Zhang Yu, the son of Sikong in the Eastern Han Dynasty. Taiyuan County: During the Warring States Period, it was located in Jinyang (now southwest of Taiyuan City). This branch of Zhang's family originated from General Pingdong of the Northern Wei Dynasty and Zhang Wei, the secretariat of Yingzhou. Jingzhao County: The Han Dynasty was located in Chang 'an (now northwest of Xi City, Shaanxi Province). The ancestor of this branch of the Zhang family is Zhang Tang, an ancient physician in the Western Han Dynasty. Dunhuang County: Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty separated from Jiuquan County and ruled Dunhuang County (now west of Dunhuang County, Gansu Province). Jurisdiction over the western end of Hexi Corridor. Anding County: the county was established in the Western Han Dynasty, and the governing office was Gaoping (now Guyuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region). The Eastern Jin Dynasty moved its capital to settle down (now Jingchuan North, Gansu Province). This Zhang family is after Zhang Er, the king of Zhao in the Western Han Dynasty. Xiangyang County: Xiangyang County was established in the Han Dynasty, and Xiangyang County was established in the late Eastern Han Dynasty. Governance in Xiangyang (now Xiangfan City, Hubei Province). Later, Xiangyang was ruled by counties, prefectures, roads and governments. The ancestor of this Zhang family is Zhang Anzhi. Luoyang county: Qin always set the county, and Eastern Wei set the county. Han and Wei dynasties are located on the north bank of Dongluoshui of Baima Temple in Luoyang. Sui and Tang Dynasties moved the capital to the west of Seoul. Hedong County: Qin County is under the jurisdiction of Anyi (now the northwest of Xia County, Shanxi Province). Today, Nigou Township, Liaoyuan Town, Puning City, east of the Yellow River in Shanxi Province, and Zhangjiazu Temple in Xiaxian County. Shixing County: The Three Kingdoms Wu was separated from Guiyang County and was under the jurisdiction of Qujiang (now the south of Shaoguan City, Guangdong Province). Governance is equivalent to Lianjiang, Qujiang and Shaoguan in Guangdong Province today. Fengyi County: Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty set Zuo Fengyi, and the Three Kingdoms changed from Wei to Fengyi County. Governance is in Linjin (now Dali, Shaanxi). Wu Jun: At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, it was located in Huiji County. Governance is located in Wuxian (now Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province). It governs the area south of the Yangtze River in today's Jiangsu Province. Pingyuan County: Established in the early years of the Western Han Dynasty, where it is governed (southwest of Pingyuan County). Governance is equivalent to Pingyuan County in the northwest of Shandong Province today. Hejian County: It was originally the land of Zhao in the Warring States Period. Emperor Henkel set up a county. Governance is located in Lecheng (now southeast of xian county, Hebei Province). Governance is located in Hejian County, central Hebei Province. Zhongshan County: During the Warring States Period, it was the country of Zhongshan, and the county was set up by Emperor Gao Han. Governance is located in Lunu (now Dingzhou, Hebei Province). Governance is equivalent to the northern part of Hebei Province today. Wei Jun: The Emperor Gaozu Gaudi was first established. It is equivalent to the area between Weixian County, Hebei Province, Xunxian County, Henan Province and guanxian, Shandong Province. Governance is located in Ye County (now southwest of Linzhang County, Hebei Province). Shu County: Qin lived in the Warring States Period and ruled in Chengdu (now Sichuan Province). Jurisdiction over the surrounding areas of Chengdu, Sichuan Province. Wuwei County: Western Han Dynasty. It is equivalent to the area west of the Yellow River in Gansu and east of Wuwei. Governance in Wuwei (now northeast of Minqin County, Gansu Province). Qianwei County: Established in the 6th year of Western Han Dynasty. Yizhou is located in the southwest of Yibin County, Sichuan Province. Governance is located in our county (Zhang's ancestral hall in Nigou Township, Liaoyuan Town, Puning City, now west of Zunyi City, Guizhou Province). Pei Jun County: Emperor Wudi changed surabaya county to Pei Jun County and Guo Pei in the Eastern Han Dynasty. It is located in Xiangxiang County (now northwest of Suixi County, Anhui Province). Liang County: Emperor Gaozu set up Liang State, and the Southern Song Dynasty changed it to Liang County. It is equivalent to the area from Shangqiu, Henan to Dangshan, Anhui. Governance in Suiyang (now Shangqiu South, Henan Province). Jixian County: The Western Jin Dynasty was established for two years, and it was soon abolished. Governance is located in Jixian County (now southwest of Jixian County, Henan Province). Hanoi county: Chuhan. It is equivalent to the area of Wuzhi County on the north bank of the Yellow River in Henan Province. Governance is located in Huai County (now southwest of Wuzhi County, Henan Province). Gaoping County: In the first year of Taishi in the Western Jin Dynasty, the original Shanyang County was changed to Gaoping County, located in Juye County, Shandong Province. Governance is located in Changyi (now south of Juye County, Shandong Province). Shanggu County: Yan State was established during the Warring States Period, which was ruled by the Qin Dynasty (now southeast of Huailai, Hebei Province). Harno. Qinghetang: Zhang is the ancestor Zhang Hui, whose name is Yu Jue and Tian Lu, and he is the son or grandson of the Yellow Emperor. He "made bows and arrows, giving them the surname Zhang", or "made bows and arrows at the beginning, made official bows and arrows, worshipped the arc stars, and took charge of the world, giving them the surname Zhang", or "made long bows and arrows, and took up their duties, because they were given the surname Zhang. Living in the county south of Qinghe, Han belongs to Qinghe County and Qinghe County. Later generations, Zhang's genealogy thought that the county was the hope, but most of them took Qinghe as the county hope, and the words "Qinghe Hall" were often marked on the genealogy to show the place where ancestors lived forever. Qinghe is a very old river, which was the dividing line between Qi and Zhao during the Warring States Period. According to the Water Classic Note, it originated in northern Henan, below Wei County in Hebei Province, and has been called Qinghe. The northeast flows through the ancient city north of Qinghe County, south of Jingxian County, to Dongguang West, and slightly flows into the sea along Weihe River and Haihe River. After the Sui Dynasty, Yongji Canal (a part of Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal), which led below Dongguang, was gradually abandoned above the Northeast. There is no Qinghe in Qinghe County today.