From July of the first year of Wen Jian in Ming Dynasty (1399) to June of the fourth year (1402), Judy, the prince of Yan, and his nephew Zhu Yunwen fought for the throne.

Judy is the fourth son of Zhu Yuanzhang, the fourth ancestor of the Ming Dynasty, and has always been dissatisfied that Zhu Yunwen is the grandson of the emperor. In the thirty-first year of Hongwu (1398), Zhu Yuanzhang died in May. After Zhu Yunwen succeeded to the throne as Hui Di, together with courtiers Ji Tai and Huang Zicheng * * *, he divided the princes, successively cut off the five kings of Zhou, Qi, Xiang, Dai and Min, and dispatched troops in Peiping (now Beijing) to prepare to cut off the most powerful prince Judy among the kings.

In July of the first year of her reign, Judy quoted Zuxun and took Qing Jun Bian as a famous book. Transfer soldiers to revolt, claiming to be the teacher of "Jingnan". At the beginning of the war, the Yan army was at a disadvantage militarily, politically and economically, so its strategy was to consolidate the Beiping base area, make use of the favorable conditions of interior-line operations, quickly turn passivity into initiative, and strive to conquer each other. On the fifth day of July, after defeating Zhu Yunwen's army in Peiping, Judy took over Tongzhou (now Tongxian County, Beijing), Jizhou (now Jixian County, Tianjin), Zunhua, Miyun, Juyongguan, Huailai, Kaiping (now Dushikou, Chicheng, Hebei) and Longmen (now Longguan, Chicheng, Hebei) and other places, which consolidated the Beiping base area and laid the foundation for the southward attack. At this time, relying on its military, political and economic advantages, Zhu Yunwen concentrated its powerful forces and joined forces to quickly surround the Yan army in Peiping and annihilate it.

On July 24th, with Changxing Hou Gengbing Wen as the general, Xu, A surname, Du as the left and right lieutenants, he led the Northern Expedition and ordered Lu Yu Shaanxi to provide military pay. On August 12, Geng Bingwen led 300,000 troops to Zhending (now Zhengding, Hebei Province), Xu Kai led the troops 1 10,000 people camped in Hejian (now Hebei Province), Pan Zhong was stationed in Zhou Mo (now Renqiu, Hebei Province), and Song Yang led 9,000 people as pioneers in Xiongxian County. Judy took the initiative to attack with the undecided Northern Expedition Army. On the night of August 15, Xiongxian County was breached and Song Yang was completely annihilated. Then they ambushed Pan Zhong's reinforcements and defeated them. On the 25th, the Yanjun took a firm decision and defeated Geng Bing Wenjun in Hutuo River, beheading more than 30,000 people and defending the city. On the 3rd, the Yan army attacked the city and abandoned the north. At the end of August, Zhu Yunwen took Cao Guogong, Li Jinglong and Geng Bingwen as generals, led 500,000 troops to Hejian, and then planned the Northern Expedition, which made the siege level of Jiangyin (now Lulong, Hebei) Wu Hou higher. On September 5, in order to induce Li Jinglong to go deep and solve the siege of pacify, Judy left a few troops to defend pacify and led the main force to help pacify. Wu Gao retreated without fighting, Yanshi went down to Pingdu and Shanhaiguan, made progress in Daning (now Ningcheng, Inner Mongolia), and merged the troops of Wang Ning and Duoyan Sanwei. Li Jinglong learned that Judy was attacking Daning in the north, so he led his troops to besiege Peiping, only to be met with stubborn resistance from Yanshi, the guarding city. On the fourth day of November, Judy returned to Peiping, fought with the rest of the army, and defeated the Li Jinglong army at Zhengcunba (now 20 miles east of Beijing), killing more than 654.38+ 10,000 people. Li Jinglong returned to Texas to prepare for a big attack next spring.

In the second year of Wen Jian (1400), on the first day of April, Li Jinglong led 600,000 troops to split up from Texas and launched a massive Northern Expedition. Judy led more than 654.38 million troops to fight. The two armies fought in Baigou River (now Xiongxian County, Hebei Province). After several days of fierce fighting, Yanshi defeated Li Jun, killed more than 654.38 million people and conquered Texas. Li Jinglong 65438+ more than ten thousand people retreated to Jinan. Yan followed suit and entered Jinan, but met with strong resistance from Tie Xuan, a political participant in Shandong Province, and Sheng Yong, the governor of Shandong Province. Besieged in March, the rear was threatened by the Northern Expedition and withdrew from Peiping. In September, Zhu Yunwen took Li Jinglong in the prosperous Tang Dynasty as the general, Governor Ping An and Wu Jie as the deputy generals, and then led troops to the Northern Expedition. Shengyongtun, Ping 'an and Dingzhou Five Streets in Texas; Commander-in-Chief Xu Kaiying is in Cangzhou, fighting each other to trap Peiping. In October, Judy learned that Sheng Jun was advancing northward, so she pretended to attack Liaodong and Tongzhou, and suddenly turned south to attack Cangzhou, but Xu Kai was captured alive, killing more than 10,000 people. Yanshi went to Texas to lure Sheng Jun out of the city. Then go south along the canal to Lianke Linqing, Guantao, Daming, Jining and other places. Sheng Yong and Tie Xuan led an army to camp in Dongchang (now Liaocheng, Shandong Province), seized Yanshi and returned home. On December 25th, Yanshi returned to Dongchang and was stopped by Sheng Jun, killing tens of thousands of people. General Zhang Yu was killed and forced to return to Beiping. In the spring of Wen Jian's third year (140 1), Sheng Yong led an army of 200,000 troops in Texas, and Wu Jie and Ping An were stationed calmly, each in a corner, waiting for an opportunity to attack. In March, Judy led troops south again, defeated Sheng Jun in Jiahe (now Wuyi, Hebei) and beheaded 65,438+10,000 people. Leap on March 10th, Wu Jie and Ping 'an Army were lured to surrender, defeated by Hutuo River, and more than 60,000 people were beheaded. Win victories in Lianke Calm, Shunde (now Xingtai, Hebei Province), Guangping (now Yongnian, Hebei Province) and Daming. Zhu Yunwen, as a delaying tactic, wrote a letter to pardon the crime of the prince in an attempt to make him slack off; At the same time, he sent troops to cut off his grain route to force him to return to the north and wait for an opportunity to annihilate him. Judy saw through the plan. In mid-June, he sent the capital to command Li Yuan to lead 6,000 people south, and even Jining, Peixian and other places burned hundreds of shops and millions of stones, causing a major earthquake in the capital (now Nanjing). In July, Sheng Yong went south through Yanshi and led a peaceful attack on Peiping. Zhao Fang, commander of Datong, returned to Baoding. Judy heard the news, led the army to Huiyuan, and returned to Peiping after defeat. Yan's and Jianwen's armies fought in Hebei and Luxi for more than two years. Yan's city was lost, but it occupied Peiping, Baoding and Chengdu. Judy deeply felt that the South Army was numerous, protracted and difficult to attack and defend, so she decided to take advantage of it and take the capital directly. In the first month of four years, Judy went south, bypassed Jinan, connected Dong 'e, Dongping, Wenshang, Yanzhou, Zouxian, Peixian and Suzhou, and arrived at Mengcheng and Guohe (now Anhui). On March 9th, the ambush killed more than 40,000 people of Sheng Jun who followed. In April, Yanshi Tunhe (now He Sui River in Anhui). He Fu, commander-in-chief of the Confederate army, led the army northward to meet safely, and the military situation was very strong. The two armies fought in Qimeishan (now Lingbi, Anhui Province), and Yanshi suffered heavy losses and its morale was shaken. At this critical moment, Zhu Yunwen called Xu Huizu and his men back to Beijing, and the frontline troops dropped sharply. He Fu was forced to retreat to Lingbi. Yanshi quickly cut off its grain route, seized the opportunity to attack, defeated He Fu and the army of peace, captured 654.38+10,000 people, and conquered Lingbi. At this point, Zhu Yunwen's main force in the north of Huaihe River has been basically lost. At the beginning of May, Yanshi went south and broke through the Shengyong Huaihe River defense line in one fell swoop, connecting Xuyi, Yangzhou, Gaoyou, Taizhou, Yizheng (now Yizheng, Jiangsu) and other places. On June 3rd, Yanshi broke through Shengyong and Xu Huizu Yangtze River defense lines from Guazhou, and even entered Zhenjiang and Longtan. When Zhu Yunwen heard the news, he quickly promised to give up his territory for peace. Judy refused. On 13th, Yanshi arrived at Jinchuanmen, Nanjing. Li Shoujiang Jinglong and Valley King Zhu Sui opened the door to greet him, and Zhu Yunwen set himself on fire in the palace (saying that he became a monk). Emperor Judy was called Chengzu and changed to Yongle.

Comments: The "Battle of Jingnan" lasted for four years and finally ended with Judy's victory. Zhu Yunwen lacks a winning strategy, an overall operational plan and a unified command, and its military commander is improperly appointed and ineffective, resulting in being split in two. Judy has great talent, excellent command, firm will, flexible strategy and tactics, and is good at continuous operations. In the end, with amazing courage, he resolutely adopted the "Tao Xin Tactics" and went straight to the capital to achieve the purpose of the war.