Since the Qin and Han Dynasties, guzheng has gradually spread from the northwest to all parts of the country, and has been integrated with local operas, rap and folk music, forming various schools with strong local styles. There are seven major schools of guzheng, namely Shaanxi Zheng, Henan Zheng, Shandong Zheng, Chaozhou Zheng, Hakka Zheng, Zhejiang Zheng and Inner Mongolia Zheng, and their zither songs and playing methods have their own characteristics. Shaanxi Zheng: Also known as "Qin Zheng", it is simple and elegant, retains the original flavor of ancient songs, is the ancestor of various Zheng schools, and is now popular in northwest China. Henan Zheng: It was introduced into Henan and merged with the local folk music "The Voice of Zheng Wei" to develop into a famous Zhongzhou ancient song in later generations. Fu Xuan's evaluation of Henan Zheng music in Fu Zhengxu is that "the melody is high and few, and the technique is exquisite and difficult to work", which is characterized by impassioned heart. Shandong Zheng: It is directly related to Shandong and folk music. Tunes are mostly composed of eight boards in Gongdiao mode. Its playing style is simple and quaint. Chaozhou Zheng: Popular in Chaozhou, Guangdong Province, it has a special musical structure and unique rotating style. It is exquisite, subtle and unique with its unique way of playing with flowers with smooth and gorgeous right and left hands. The main tunes are heavy six, light six, lively five and anti-line. Among them, the tune of Liu Chong is euphemistic; The tune of Light Six is fresh and lively; The tune of "Living Five" is touching and sad, with distinctive rhythm. Hakka Zheng: that is, the Zheng music of Guangdong Han music, which is one of the excellent traditional music in Guangdong. Guangdong Han music has a long history. According to legend, it was a long historical period from the ninth year of Jin 'an (AD 405) to the demise of the Song Dynasty, which was popular in places where Hakka people lived in compact communities, such as eastern Guangdong, including Meixian, Huiyang and Shaoguan counties, as well as parts of Jiangxi, Fujian and Taiwan Province provinces and places where overseas Chinese lived in compact communities. The guzheng performance of Guangdong Hanle has a long history. It is based on Gao Han's old music (that is, Chinese music) and influenced by local styles and dialects, forming a quiet and implicit style. Jiangsu and Zhejiang Zheng: Wulin Zheng popular in Hangzhou. It is closely related to the silk and bamboo in the south of the Yangtze River, and its music is mostly transplanted pipa. Inner Mongolia Zheng: Only 10 string, mostly used for folk songs and pastoral accompaniment. Traditional Zheng music can be divided into two schools: North and South, and now it is generally divided into eight schools: First, Shaanxi Zheng, "Zhen" has gradually spread from the northwest to all parts of the country since Qin and Han Dynasties, and has been integrated with local operas, rap and folk music, forming various schools with strong local styles. Traditional Zheng music is divided into North and South schools, but now it is generally divided into eight schools. In the past, Mr. Cao Zheng said that "the nine factions spread to China", but now he has a new point of view. ) Different schools of Zheng music and playing methods have their own characteristics. Shaanxi Zheng: Shaanxi is the birthplace of China Zheng. But now, the "Royal" Zheng music is almost perfect. Traditional Chinese opera and folk music are rich and colorful, among which there are many traditional musical instruments, but there are few or no Zheng. It is only in Yulin that Zheng is used as an accompaniment instrument, which appears in the accompaniment of Yulin ditty together with dulcimer, pipa and sanxian. Mr. Cao Zheng, a famous theorist and educator, said that this is "the sequela of Qin Zheng". Although Zheng has been in Yulin for more than 300 years, Yulin is remote and its culture is relatively backward. The skill of playing the Zheng is still stuck in the ancient method. The right hand mainly uses two fingers to eat, and the left hand rarely trembles, which is the earliest way to play the Zheng. Zheng has gradually disappeared in Shaanxi, and his descendants have no news. At the end of 1950s, Shaanxi Zheng experts put forward the slogan of "Returning to Qin", and did a lot of work from theoretical research to playing skills, from accompanying local operas to composing Zheng music with unique style, which made Shaanxi people familiar with Zheng again. From 65438 to 0957, Bai, a famous guzheng player in Yulin, participated in the national folk music performance and the third national opera performance in Shaanxi Province, and solo the guzheng music "Pinch Garlic Moss" and "Boat". 196 1 the national conference on guzheng teaching materials was held in an, which affirmed the music of Hu Zheng, a fan in Shaanxi, and played a powerful role in promoting the development of Qin Zheng in Shaanxi. Later, excellent Shaanxi Zheng music appeared, such as Qin Sang Qu, Jiang Nv Tears, Xiangshan Shooting Drum, Sanqin Huange, Embroidered Gold Monument, etc. The records of Zheng in historical materials such as Xi 'an Drum Music, Qinqiang Opera, and Fanhu Qingqu give inspiration to Shaanxi Zheng people. With the efforts of famous Zheng artists and friends, Shaanxi has gradually resumed playing Qinqiang Opera after nearly 30 years of practice. The distinctive features of Shaanxi Zheng music are firstly the particularity of melody and the vagrancy of two tone sandhi. The fourth tone in the heptatonic scale is high, while the seventh tone is low. Deviation, of course, is not half a tone. The two voices wavered again. Generally speaking, slide down next to the next note; Secondly, in the process of melody, it is generally jumping up and down step by step. Third, when playing, press the strings with your left hand and use your big finger, which is a necessary technique for melody. Fourth, the style of writing is exquisite, and there are many sorrows in euphemism; Generosity is urgent, and there is lyricism in agitation. The late Wang Xunzhi, a famous guzheng master in Zhejiang, said that "Shaanxi School Lyric" showed the style and characteristics of Shaanxi Guzheng music. 2. Henan Zheng (or the Voice of Zheng Wei) with the classical tune of Zhongzhou: According to Records of the Historian and Hanshu, Zheng had developed quite widely in Qin and Han Dynasties. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, Emperor Guangwu of Han Dynasty established Luoyang as the capital, and in the Northern Song Dynasty established the Bianliang (now Kaifeng) in Henan. The local folk music "Zheng Yin" has been circulating for a long time. Qin Zheng moved to Henan with the capital and merged with the local folk music "Zheng Yin", which developed into a famous Zhongzhou ancient song. A great feature of Henan Zheng is that the right hand starts from the place near the Qin code and flows to the place near Yueshan. At the same time, the left hand shakes a lot, and the music performance is rich. ...