The 2007 Shanghai Special Olympics was 12.

Some information about the Special Olympics.

From June 65438 to June 0962, Ms. eunice Kennedy shriver held a summer camp for some mentally retarded children and adults in her hometown of Maryland, and she came up with the idea of establishing a special Olympic movement.

1968 On July 20th, Ms Shriver held the first World Summer Special Olympics in Soldier Square in Chicago, Illinois, USA. 65,438+0,000 athletes from 26 states in the United States and Canada participated in track and field, swimming and hockey competitions.

Special Olympics common sense

Special Olympics belief

Special Olympics firmly believes that Special Olympics athletes have the ability to learn. Under the correct guidance and encouragement, people with mental retardation can acquire corresponding skills by participating in sports training and competitions, and then enjoy the happiness of success.

Special Olympics firmly believes that Special Olympics athletes have the ability to make continuous progress. People with mental retardation can stimulate their creative enthusiasm and gradually improve their ability to cope with challenges through their own efforts, family and social support and peer competition.

Special Olympics firmly believes that Special Olympics athletes have the ability to improve their quality of life. People with mental retardation can improve their physical and mental health and social adaptability by participating in physical training and competitions. They have closer relations with their family members, more extensive contacts with community residents, volunteers and athletes, and their quality of life will be further improved.

Special Olympics firmly believes that Special Olympics athletes have the ability to make contributions to society. People with mental retardation can reduce the burden of obstacles on themselves, their families and society through their own efforts. At the same time, their tenacious struggle, kindness to others, honesty and discipline have also played a good incentive role for people without mental retardation.

Second, the spirit of Special Olympics.

The spirit of Special Olympics is skills, courage, sharing and happiness that transcend national, political, gender, age, race and religious boundaries.

Three. The mission of special Olympics

The mission of the Special Olympics is to create conditions and opportunities for children and adults with mental retardation to participate in daily training and competitions through colorful sports, so that they can exert their potential and show their courage, and share happiness, exchange skills and enhance friendship with their families, other athletes and the whole community during their participation.

Four. The goal of special Olympics

The goal of Special Olympics is to provide equal opportunities for people with intellectual disabilities to participate in society, so that they have the opportunity to become useful, recognized and respected citizens. As Sargent Shriver, former president of special olympics international, said: We don't think sports are the ultimate goal of Special Olympics athletes, and we don't want sports to dominate our lives. We want to help people with mental retardation develop in other ways through sports. Therefore, although we also advocate competition and ask everyone to go all out, we don't attach great importance to victory. But how to improve one's ability, self-esteem and self-confidence through exercise, and improve one's physical, psychological and spiritual condition, so as to better integrate into society and become a useful person to society. I hope that through the Special Olympics, people can see the ability and inner beauty of people with mental retardation and let the world cheer and be proud of them.

Verb (abbreviation for verb) Special Olympics slogan

The slogan of the Special Olympics is: "Try bravely and win!"

Let me win. But if I can't win, let me try bravely. Let me win. If I can't win, let me try bravely. )

The intransitive verb Special Olympics athletes' qualifications

Anyone with mental retardation over the age of 8 who has been certified by relevant institutions or doctors to have an IQ below 70 can participate in the Special Olympics after general survey and registration (physically disabled people without mental retardation are not eligible to participate).

The minimum age limit for participating in Special Olympics is 8 years old; Children under the age of 8 can't take part in the Special Olympics.

Special Olympics organizations allow children aged 6 or above to participate in appropriate special Olympics training programs provided by the association or other cultural or social activities specially organized to promote the Special Olympics.

There is no maximum age limit for participating in the Special Olympics.

Seven. Special Olympics events

Summer activities

Track and field, water sports (swimming and diving), gymnastics, basketball, weightlifting, bowling, roller skating, golf, bowling, cycling, softball, equestrian, tennis, football, volleyball, badminton, handball, sailing, kayaking, judo and table tennis.

Four performances of the 2007 Olympic Games: cricket, dragon boat, dragon and lion dance and muscle activities.

Winter events

Alpine skiing, cross-country skiing, hockey, speed skating, figure skating, snowboarding, snowboarding.

Prohibited items

After consulting the Medical Advisory Committee, special olympics international believes that some sports do not meet the minimum health or safety standards in special olympics international, which will endanger the health and safety of athletes. Including boxing, fencing, shooting, karate and so on.

Low-ability competition

Special Olympics provides opportunities and official events for athletes facing various difficulties and challenges.

Athletes with the lowest ability can participate in the 25m race walking, 15m floating board swimming, standing long jump and other special events.

The electric wheelchair training competition is specially designed for wheelchair athletes who need special help and support.

In team events, players with low ability can participate in individual technical competitions if they are not prepared to participate in team events, such as football, and players can win medals in dribbling, shooting and passing. Players with low ability can also participate in 3-on-3 basketball and 5-a-side football competitions.

Most special Olympics events are not much different from healthy people's competitions. Strong athletes can now take part in marathons or compete with healthy people. An athlete can't compete in both low-ability and high-ability competitions at the same time.

Eight, Special Olympics athletes grouping

The purpose of the Special Olympics competition is to let athletes with similar abilities compete together as much as possible. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to group athletes.

By sex

Men's groups, women's groups or mixed groups

By age

Personal events: 8- 1 1 year old, 12- 15 years old, 16-2 1 year old, 22-29 years old, over 30 years old.

Team events:1under 5 years old, 16-2 1 year old, over 22 years old.

The age group is calculated according to the individual age of the athletes, which is based on the day when the competition starts; The age calculation of team events is based on the oldest team on the day of the competition.

According to ability

Before the preliminaries, the groups are decided by the forecast data or the preliminaries.

In individual competition, the difference between the best and the worst in a group does not exceed 10%.

The preliminary results are used as the proof and revision basis of the official competition.

Mixed grouping

If the ability or performance of male and female athletes of the same age are similar, mixed groups can be considered, with a maximum of 8 athletes and a minimum of 3 athletes.

In many recognized rules, the minimum number of participants in each group is guaranteed, making each group's competition more challenging. In all competitions, the organizers should provide equal opportunities for players with similar abilities.

According to the rules of the Special Olympics, all participating athletes should try their best to fight hard, whether in the preliminaries or finals. Otherwise, you will be disqualified. Athletes whose competition results differ by 65,438+05% or more from those declared before the competition or in the preliminary competition will be disqualified.

IX. Promotion of Special Olympics Competition

How to promote athletes from participating in lower-level competitions to higher-level competitions (for example, from regional competitions to world competitions);

1. Athletes must have more than 8 weeks of systematic training under the guidance of Special Olympics coaches before the competition;

2. The events of the athletes in the next competition must be consistent with the events they trained in the past;

3 places are limited, on a reasonable basis, give priority to the first place in each group. If the first place exceeds the quota, athletes will be randomly selected to participate in the competition;

4. If there are not enough first places to reach the quota, all the first places can be promoted to participate in the competition, and the balance will be randomly drawn from the second place in each group. If the number of places is still not full, it can be supplemented as needed and the above practices can be repeated until the number of places is sufficient;

5. Each member country may add new regulations according to athletes' performance, health status and specific conditions, but it shall submit an application in writing to special olympics international Headquarters.

X. the difference between special Olympics and paralympic games

Both the Special Olympics and Paralympic Games are world games recognized by the International Olympic Committee.

Different participants

Special Olympics athletes are mentally retarded people with IQ below 70.

Paralympics mobilizes people with visual and physical disabilities to participate in corresponding activities according to different types of disabilities. At present, people with mental retardation only participate in the performances of the Paralympic Games, with only one group.

Different purposes

Special Olympics not only emphasizes competition and competition, but also emphasizes participation and integration.

The rules of the game are special.

Special Olympics fully embodies the principle of equal participation and grouping competition according to ability.

Special Olympics organizations have many similarities with other sports organizations, but they also have the following characteristics:

(1) Athletes or parents who participate in training or competition are free of charge.

(2) Encourage athletes with different abilities to participate and provide various competition opportunities for athletes with the same ability.

(3) The grouping of athletes in each ability group is based on the principle of fairness and reasonableness.

(4) All the contestants will be honored. In each group participating in the same competition, the first, second and third runners will win gold, silver and bronze medals respectively, and the runners after the fourth runner will win ribbon prizes respectively.

(5) Qualifications for participating in higher-level competitions need to be selected according to regulations on the basis of the special Olympics competitions in various regions or countries.