On August 1945, on the eve of the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, the troops of the Jire Liao Military Region led by our party defeated the Japanese puppet troops and quickly recovered Shanhaiguan, Jinzhou and Chengde. Other troops also entered the northeast one after another and recovered vast areas except big cities and traffic arteries. In order to win the fruits of the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, Chiang Kai-shek began to dispatch troops to the northeast and captured most of the liberated areas south of the Songhua River. 1946 In late May, Kuomintang troops occupied Changchun.
1in March 948, our army captured Siping again, cutting off the land contact between the enemy of Changchun and the enemy troops on the defensive in Shenyang and Jinzhou, and Changchun became an isolated city behind the Northeast Liberated Area. The Kuomintang army heavily defended Changchun, with a total strength of 107000. In order to preserve Changchun, Zheng Dongguo, deputy commander of the Kuomintang Northeast "Suppression General" and commander of the First Corps, based on Chiang Kai-shek's strategic policy of "key defense", vigorously strengthened fortifications, controlled airports, stabilized the mainland, and sought food in an attempt to survive with the ancient city of Changchun.
In mid-March, 1948, five independent divisions of the Northeast People's Liberation Army entered the suburbs of Changchun, forming a preliminary siege. The main force, with the goal of "concentrated operations and tough battles of large corps", conducted unprecedented military and political training and put forward the slogan of "training soldiers well and fighting Changchun". On May 24th, the 1st and 6th columns of our army and five independent divisions raided Changchun, occupied Dafangshen Airport in the western suburbs of Changchun and some peripheral strongholds, and cut off the only air transportation line between the defenders of Changchun Kuomintang and Shenyang.
In June, the Northeast Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issued the general policy and task of "long-term encirclement, political attack and economic struggle", which changed the policy of short-term onslaught of large corps and long-term encirclement of small corps and independent divisions. On June 25th, Enemy at the Gates, I was besieged by troops, and hundreds of thousands of second-line troops actively cooperated with the militia and self-defense forces to form a tight blockade in a vast area 50 miles outside Changchun, thus opening the prelude to a long siege.
After the siege troops of the Northeast People's Liberation Army formally blocked and besieged Changchun, they fought many times against siege and blockade with the enemy. During the siege, the Kuomintang defenders tried to break through many times, but they were all stubbornly blocked and repelled by our army and retreated to the city. At the same time of military attack and economic blockade, the besieged troops of the People's Liberation Army launched a powerful political offensive against the Kuomintang defenders, and put forward the policy of "attacking the heart first, then attacking the city, first fighting with the heart, then fighting with the soldiers". The vast number of commanders and fighters took advantage of the internal contradictions of the enemy and actively launched a powerful political offensive to disintegrate the defenders in Changchun. According to incomplete statistics, from June 25th to the end of September, about 1.350 defenders in Changchun surrendered to our army, accounting for 1/7 of the total number of defenders in Changchun.
194810 June 14, the northeast people's liberation army launched a general attack on Jinzhou, and the defenders of Changchun Kuomintang had a premonition that the end was coming. At this critical moment, Ceng Zesheng, commander of the 60th Army, decided to ignore Chiang Kai-shek's uprising. /Kloc-On the night of 0/6, he sent an official representative to negotiate with Tang Tianji, director of the Political Department of the First Corps of the People's Liberation Army, on the specific plan of the uprising with the Changchun breakthrough plan and Chiang Kai-shek's wanted order. /kloc-On the morning of 0/7, the Central Northeast Bureau sent a telegram, and Liu was sent to Changchun to finalize the defense handover plan. /kloc-on the night of 0/7, the besieged PLA troops took over the eastern half of Changchun, and the 60 th Army withdrew from the city at the same time and rested in the direction of Jiutai. 10 18 10 At 9 o'clock on October, the PLA surrendered troops and entered the downtown area of Changchun, and Changchun was liberated.
Thousands of cadres and soldiers gave their precious lives for the liberation of Changchun. In order to deeply mourn the revolutionary martyrs who died heroically for the liberation of Changchun, the Changchun Municipal Party Committee and the Changchun Municipal People's Government decided to build the Changchun Liberation Monument and pay high tribute to those who contributed to the liberation and construction of Changchun. 1988 10 18, the 40th anniversary of the liberation of Changchun, the liberation monument of Changchun was officially completed. The center of the monument is on the extension line running through the axis of Xinmin Street in Changchun. The whole building consists of stele, abutment, embossed wall and steps. The monument is 30.39 meters high and built on the abutment of 48×55 meters. On the front of the monument is Comrade Peng Zhen's inscription "Changchun Liberation Monument". On the back of the monument, there is an inscription by the Changchun Municipal Government: "Express deep condolences to the revolutionary martyrs who died heroically for the liberation of Changchun, and pay high tribute to those who have contributed to the liberation and construction of Changchun."
In the center of the south side of the monument abutment, an embossed wall with a height of more than 3 meters and a width of 22 meters is set, and steps with a width of 1 1 meter are set on both sides. The base of the monument is divided into two layers, the upper layer is a square with a side length of10.18m, and the lower layer is a square with a side length of19.48m, which means1948+the liberation of Changchun in June 2008. The monument is door-shaped and simple in shape, indicating that Changchun was liberated in 1948 and entered a new era, which is an important regional historical event. The scale, color, texture and other aspects of the whole design have been carefully considered, achieving good visual and landscape effects. The whole building is decorated with granite slabs, with bright colors and distinctive characteristics of the times.
Since the completion of the Changchun Liberation Monument, many students, soldiers and citizens have come to carry out activities on major festivals and anniversaries such as Tomb-Sweeping Day and Changchun Liberation Day every year. It receives 654.38+million tourists every year, which has played a positive role in carrying out patriotic education, carrying forward and cultivating national spirit. 1994 12 was identified as the patriotic education base in Jilin province by the provincial party Committee and government.