Full-size pickup trucks are also deeply loved by many domestic riders. There are special American pickups on various forums and websites, and full-size pickups are indispensable at various off-road parties.
F 150？ Lasso? Super? The crew (on a ship, plane, etc)
Among them, Ford F- 150, Chevrolet Sorod and Toyota Smooth Road, Ram? 1500 are familiar models for domestic riders. But we have also heard of F-250/550/650, RAM? 2500, super? Responsibility, heavy? I have seen the military police/special police car modified on the basis of Ford pickup truck. What kind of cars are these?
In order to clarify the classification of these American pickup trucks, we take Ford F series as an example to study how different the models with different codes are.
With the F-750? Straight man? Frame lifting vehicle, with long body, high door and large fuel tank.
F- 150: It's really just a younger brother.
Let's take a closer look at the most familiar F- 150, so that we can have a benchmark and reference.
F- 150？ Lasso? Super? Crew, clean and refreshing body
There is no doubt that F- 150 is a big cart. The domestic four-door short container version has a length of 5.9 meters and a height and width of about 2 meters. Whether driving on the road or parked on the side of the road, the huge body will cause oppression to the people around it. 3.5T？ V6 and 5.0? The V8 engine has a power of nearly 400 horsepower, not to mention highway cruising, desert cross-country or traveling with a trailer.
F- 150 is also a big American automobile family, with a single cockpit (conventional? Cab), a row and a half (super? Cab) and double row (super? Crew) three kinds, containers are 5.5, 6.5 and 8 feet, and there are two driving forms: two-wheel drive and four-wheel drive. Configuration from low to high is divided into XL, XLT, LARIAT and King? Ranch (commonly known as King Ranch), Platinum (commonly known as Platinum Edition), Limited and separate Raptor (commonly known as Raptor).
The F- 150 has six configurations from Beggar Edition to Deluxe Edition, plus Raptor.
XL is a very, very elegant version. For example, there are no chrome-plated parts in appearance, the bumper, middle net and rearview mirror are all simple black plastics, the rims are simple and honest steel rings, and the car is hard plastic, without big screen and leather. However, there are still some fixed-speed cruise, reversing images, pre-collision assistance, trailer swing control and other configurations. Limited is an advanced car comparable to a luxury car, with exquisite leather, high-grade audio, large multimedia screen with voice control and a full set of active safety systems.
F-250？ XL？ Ordinary? Cab, minimum ordinary steel ring.
F- 150？ Limited, top-class luxury cockpit, high-grade leather, exquisite stitching and nameplate create a golden atmosphere.
F-250/350/450: Bigger, stronger and tougher.
In our opinion, F- 150 is very universal. Luxurious cockpit, large cargo box, abundant power and hard-core four-wheel drive bring absolute versatility, but for Americans who love outdoor sports, F- 150 is still too small and weak. Yes, it is too small and weak.
Small container size is secondary, mainly because the towing capacity of F- 150 is limited, because it is impossible to install a gooseneck trailer from the container, and it is impossible to tow a large RV or a heavy object only by the trailer hook at the rear. In addition, the overall design of F- 150 still takes into account the daily commuting comfort (which sounds a bit inconsistent). For example, to balance fuel consumption, vehicle speed and traction capacity, the minimum main reduction ratio is only 3. 15 and the maximum is only 3.73.
For another example, for comfort, the front axle of the F- 150 is a double wishbone independent suspension with only six wheel fixing bolts. Although it is much better than ordinary cars and SUVs, it is really difficult to encounter heavy loads.
F-450？ Lasso? Crew? Cab: Which container can be hung with a gooseneck trailer? One of the factors that greatly increase the practicality of Duty series.
Super? Duty series, a pickup truck heavier than F- 150, has the same configuration level as F- 150.
So a stronger pickup truck appeared. This is super? Responsibility series. Super? This duty is a bigger family than F- 150, because it takes care of both family and career, that is, super? A considerable number of active models are used as tool vehicles.
Super? The F-250/350/450 in the duty family is still a pickup truck, and there are still three kinds of cockpits with single row, one row and a half, and two rows, with six configuration levels from XL to Limited, but the body size, power system and chassis have been greatly strengthened, and the models with double-row rear wheels (DRW) have become the mainstream.
F-250？ XLT？ Crew? Cab, single-row rear wheels, but the appearance is different from F 150. The rearview mirror can be pulled outward to facilitate the trailer, and the vehicle nameplate on the fender is changed from horizontal to vertical near the front door.
F-450？ XLT？ Ordinary? Cab, towing small construction machinery through gooseneck trailer.
F-450？ Limited? Crew? Cab, luxurious cockpit on top, dragging a super-large RV to travel, the wonderful life is nothing more than this.
In terms of size, the shortest F-250/350/450 fuselage length also exceeds 6 meters, and the longest reaches 6.8 meters; The wheelbase is as high as 4.47 meters, while that of F 150 is less than 4 meters. The heights of F-250/350/450 are all over 2m, and the highest is 2.08m, which is more than one punch higher than that of F 150.
In terms of width, the body widths of single-row rear wheels (SRW) F-250 and F350 are basically the same as those of F- 150, but the body widths of double-row rear wheels (standard double-row rear wheels) F-350 and F-450 are increased to 2.44m, which is a suitable truck width. And the rearview mirror of F-250/350/450 is completely different from that of F- 150. In addition to the larger area, considering that the trailer can be pulled out, the actual car width is greatly increased.
Therefore, F-250/350/450 completely crushed F- 150 on the block head.
Super? Duty series domineering front, higher than F 150, larger rearview mirror and drawable.
Super? Duty series double-row rear wheels are the mainstream, and the frame, brakes and suspension have been strengthened.
The motive is even more exaggerated. The F-250/350/450 comes standard with 6.2-liter V8, 7.3-liter V8 gasoline engine and 6.7-liter twin-turbo diesel engine, with maximum power of 385, 430 and 475 horsepower respectively. Especially, the 6.7-liter twin-turbocharged diesel engine, the top power in Ford F series, can produce an amazing torque of 1424 Nm at the speed of 1600 rpm. The gearbox is still 10AT, while the main reduction ratio is increased by 4. 10 and 4.30, and F450 is only 4.30, which is only for traction, regardless of speed.
In order to cope with the huge body, strong power and greater load, the chassis part must be strengthened. The first is the wheel. The six fixing bolts on F- 150 are not enough. The number of F-250s and F-350s increased to 8, and the number of F450 directly increased to 10. The hub flange also becomes larger in turn, with diameters of 170, 220 and 220mm respectively.
10 fixing bolt with flange diameter of 220mm.
Followed by braking. The diameter of the front and rear brake discs of the F-250/350 is increased to 363mm, and the brake discs of the F-450 are larger, which are 39 1 and 400mm respectively. Is the data a bit strange? The front of an ordinary bus is big and the back is small. Why are these cars so big in front and bigger in the back? Yes, this is the difference between a passenger car and a commercial vehicle, because when loading goods in a container or towing a trailer, you need to consider the huge load on the rear axle.
In addition to the diameter of the brake disc, the brake assist mode has also changed from F- 150 vacuum assist brake, like ordinary passenger cars, to hydraulic assist brake, in order to make these big guys stop steadily, because the weight of these cars has already exceeded three tons, and the heaviest F-450 is close to four tons. If we consider a bigger and heavier trailer, ordinary vacuum assisted brakes are already stretched.
Besides, super? Duty also has more powerful generators or even dual generators to choose from, and it can be equipped with PTO. PTO directly connected to the engine crankshaft can drive water pump, snow blower, winch and other equipment, which is not available in F- 150.
Super? PTO can be selected for job series. Have you thought of Unimok?
F-350/450/550, cab? Chassis series
F-550: No longer stick to pickup trucks.
The F-450 still has a serious pickup truck status and a Limited luxury cockpit, because quite a few users are still at home. Further up, the F series gradually separated from the household category, no longer rigidly adhered to the fixed body form of pickup trucks, but provided chassis vehicles (cab? Chassis)
This is why it is called F series instead of F pickup series. Everything on the chassis car is customized according to your needs-whether it's an integral RV, a dump truck, a tanker or a small fire truck, please help yourself.
For dump trucks, wreckers and engineering vehicles, change to Super? Truck chassis
Obviously, the family car is no longer the target of this kind of chassis car, and the construction site is the main battlefield. Luxury and comfort are no longer important. The configuration level of the cockpit is only XL/XLT/LARIAT, and luxury equipment is no longer important. Power system or 6.2? V8、7.3？ The power output of V8 and 6.7 twin turbocharged diesel engines is slightly lower than that of pickup truck, and the gearbox is still 10AT, but the main reduction ratio is increased to 4.88.
The front appearance and chassis configuration are basically the same as the pickup version, but the frame is obviously lengthened. The longest version has a wheelbase of 5.2 meters, and the length from the front to the frame is nearly 7.4 meters. If you count the extra rear suspension after installation, the total length of the vehicle is likely to exceed 8 meters, which is not found in normal passenger cars.
Heavy truck F-650 series, dragging the vertical exhaust pipe on the front page has quite the aura of Optimus Prime.
F-650/750: Pure trucks
There is also an F-650/750 on the F-550, but it is essentially different from the F-550 and below, because it is a pure truck and its appearance is different from other models.
Both F-650 and F-750 are very recognizable. The height of the car body reached 2.4 meters. The front of the car is no longer a wide plain. The hood is high and the protruding front wheel arch is full of strength, just like those intercontinental trucks. There is an exposed large fuel tank under the high door, and the tractor version also has a shiny jet exhaust pipe. Yes, this is a serious heavy truck design.
F-750？ Super? Cab, it is impossible to step into the cab.
If someone might buy the F-550 and turn it into a caravan home, then the F-650 and F-750 will definitely not. They don't consider luxury at all, only care about load and traction. Although there are still three kinds of carriages: single-row, one-and-a-half-row and double-row, they are no longer divided into configuration levels, and the carriages are so simple that even the 4-inch black and white display screen is cancelled.
F750' s extremely simple interior is still the F series of the previous generation, and there is no screen and luxury function on the center console.
The power is only 7.3? V8 gasoline engine and 6.7 twin-turbocharged V8 diesel engine are standard on the F-650 and F-750 respectively. The power output level is lower than that on the F-450 pickup truck, and the gearbox is also reduced to 6? At 10, the body is divided into occupational load according to function (Pro? Loader), straight frame (straight? Frame) and tractor (tractor).
Professional load-bearing refers to the F-650 with lower frame. The lower frame can make the floor of the modified ambulance and fire truck not too high, thus obtaining better space and convenience. Advantages of the straight frame The length of the body is relatively wide, and the wheelbase is from 4m to 7.1m. There are two options:1m.. No matter what the purpose is, there is always a suitable size. The trailer has the shortest wheelbase (3.7 meters), and the clear goal is to hang the trailer. Therefore, there is a two-stage transmission ratio exclusive to the rear axle, and the brakes are upgraded from hydraulic booster brakes to standard pneumatic brakes for trucks.
Dear? The loader is only 650, straight? There are 650/750 racks and tractors to choose from.
How did this name come from?
Seeing this, we have understood that the so-called full-size pickup F- 150 is actually just the younger brother in the F series, which gives consideration to comfort and luxury to the greatest extent. Super? The F250 to F750 on duty are gradually becoming hard-core, which is more and more in line with Ford's "Building?" Tough "slogan. But how did the names F- 150 to F-750 come from? Ram? Is it just a coincidence that 1500 to 3500 and Chevrolet Silverado 1500 to 6500 are named exactly like Ford F series?
It is not a coincidence that this has something to do with the classification of trucks in the United States. The United States divides trucks into eight grades with GVWR as an indicator. "Gross is GVWR? Vehicle? Weight? The abbreviation of "rating" means "a car is full of oil and water, counting the maximum weight of all people and goods". Ford's pickup truck family product line is very long, covering all levels, so in order to facilitate consumers' understanding, Ford named different models F 150 to F750 respectively.
It is not difficult to understand from the analysis of the last article that although there are many names, in fact, F series can be roughly divided into four categories: F- 150, F-250-450 pickup truck, F-350-550 chassis truck and F-650/750 heavy truck. There are great differences between different categories, but the differences between adjacent models in the same category are not significant or even partially cross, for example, through optional reinforcement. DRW approaching F-450.
However, it is this intensive and cross-product strategy that brings consumers a very rich choice. Whether it's home or business, whether it's practical or luxurious, whether it's passionate off-road or trailer, no matter what function it's converted into, you can always find the right one from the F series. This is also an important reason why Ford F series ranks first in the US sales list.
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This article comes from car home, the author of the car manufacturer, and does not represent car home's position.