19 18 entered Changsha changjun middle school. The following year, I took part in the May 4th patriotic movement in Changsha to support Beijing. /kloc-in the autumn of 0/920, he was admitted to the First Normal School of Hunan Province. He joined the Communist Youth League of China in the winter of the same year and the Communist Party of China (CPC) in the summer of 1922. After graduation, I taught in Lve Primary School in Hubei Province. 1924 in may, Liu Chouxi joined the army and was admitted to the first team of whampoa military academy. In June 5438+10 of the same year, he participated in the battle to quell the armed rebellion of the Guangzhou business group. After graduation, he was assigned to the first instructor regiment of the military academy as a representative of the third company. 1February, 925, joined the army to crusade against Chen Jiongming. On March 12, Liu Chouxi No.1 Teaching Corps and Hu Lin, the main force of the rebel army, launched a fierce battle in the northwest mountainous area of Mianhu. The positions of the two sides were staggered, and they fought each other for 8 hours and changed more than a dozen positions. Liu Chouxi and his comrades held their ground and repelled five rebel attacks in a row. When he led the company to fight back, his left hand was hit by a stray bullet. Blood surged up, he bandaged up and went into battle again. After the war, he was transferred to Guangzhou Dongshan Pok Oi Hospital for treatment, and his left arm was amputated due to vein rupture and vascular ulceration. Comrades felt sorry for him. He said frankly: "In order to defeat the warlords, life can still be sacrificed. What's the harm in cutting off an arm? " Please rest assured that I can do the revolution with one hand! "In June, the expeditionary force returned to Guangzhou, and the military academy awarded Liu Chouxi a military medal. After leaving the hospital in September, I stayed in a military school.
1926 In March, Chiang Kai-shek created the "Zhongshan Ship Incident". In April, he ordered the cancellation of the Junior Soldiers' Federation and the Sun Wen Society, and set up the Huangpu Homecoming Association, stipulating that the association has certain autonomy and can decide the appointment, removal, promotion and remuneration of graduates. In order to fight for this legal right, Liu Chouxi and Jiang Xianyun were appointed by the China Party Organization to attend the homecoming. Served as statistician of organization department, and was promoted to chief of general affairs section. 165438+ 10, I went to Nanchang with Huangpu homecoming, and then went to Nanjing. 1927 After the "April 12th" counter-revolutionary coup, he secretly left Nanjing for Wuhan. * * * The party organization arranged for him to do political work in the He Long army, and soon he was transferred to the 24th Division in Ye Ting as a staff officer. He arrived in Nanchang on July 26th and took part in the famous Nanchang Uprising. After the victory of the uprising, he served as battalion commander of the 24th Division. Then he went south to Guangdong with the rebels. On the way, the troops were frustrated and served as the chief of staff of the regiment when Changting was reorganized. In mid-September, the headquarters decided to split up and he left the army. Disguised as a common people, after many twists and turns, I arrived in Shanghai and found the China Party Organization.
During his recuperation in Shanghai, he assisted the Central Military Commission led by Zhou Enlai in the work of the White Area. /kloc-at the beginning of 0/929, he went to study in the military academy of fulongzhi, Soviet Union. He studied Marxist-Leninist military works assiduously, mastered military scientific knowledge and studied Russian. 1930 In August, Liu Chouxi returned to Shanghai. Later, he was sent to the Central Soviet Area and served as the division commander of the 8th Division of the 3rd Army of Hong 1 Corps. Together with political commissar Wang Ruchi, he commanded the Red Eighth Division and participated in the first, second and third counter-campaigns in the Central Soviet Area. In the battle, he was brave and good at fighting, well-directed, and repeatedly made meritorious military service. He was praised as a "one-armed general" by the soldiers and civilians in the Soviet area.
193 1 winter, served as the director of the political department of the central military political school and a military teacher. In teaching, he combined the knowledge he learned abroad with the actual situation of the Red Army's anti-encirclement campaign, and analyzed war cases, so that students could be liberated from reciting rules and regulations and apply what they had learned. The school has trained nearly 6,000 military cadres for the Red Army.
1In June, 932, when the Kuomintang army launched the fourth "encirclement and suppression" campaign against the Central Soviet Area, 2 1 Army Commander He and Political Commissar Li Jingquan led his troops to the Fujian-Jiangxi border to fight with the Red 3 Army and the Red 12 Army, which made the battlefield in the Central Soviet Area spread frequently. 1March, 933, Liu Chouxi was ordered to go to the Fujian-Zhejiang-Jiangxi Military Region as the commander of the military region and commander of the Red Army 10. He and the soldiers and civilians in the border areas of Fujian, Zhejiang and Jiangxi led by Fang Zhimin cooperated with the Central Soviet Area to fight against the fifth "encirclement and suppression" of Kuomintang troops at all costs. 1934, 1 In June, he was elected as an executive member of the Central Government of the Chinese Soviet Union. In August of the same year, he was awarded the second-class Red Star Military Medal. 1934+00, the main force of the Red Army broke through to the west and began the Long March. With the departure of the main force, the largest Red Army unit near the Central Soviet Area is only the Red Ten Corps. The Red Ten Corps consists of two parts. One part is Xun Huaizhou's Red Seventh Army Corps of the North Anti-Japanese Advance Team, and the other part is Fang Zhimin's Red Tenth Army. A month after the Long March of the Red Army, the Red Seven Army Corps and the Red Ten Army Corps were co-edited as the Red Ten Army Corps, with Fang Zhimin as the chairman of the Military and Political Committee and Liu Chouxi as the commander. There are more than 10,000 people in the whole army, and there are three divisions under its jurisdiction: the 19th Division, the former Red Seven Army Regiment, and the division commander Xun Huaizhou; The 20th Division, the former Red Ten Army unit, accompanied by Liu Chouxi (concurrently); Hu, the former teacher of the 21st Division of the Red Tenth Army.
1934165438+10. In October, Xun Huaizhou and Le led the Red Army's North Anti-Japanese Advance Team (formerly Red 27 Corps) to join forces with the Red10 Army led by Fang Zhimin in the Fujian-Zhejiang-Jiangxi Soviet Area. The two armies were co-edited as the Red 10 Legion, and served as the head. After the establishment of the Red 10 Legion, its 19 division advanced into the border of Zhejiang, Anhui and Jiangxi, which dealt a blow to the "pursuit" of the Kuomintang army and developed a new Soviet area. Liu Chouxi led Red 20, Red 2 1 Division to stay in Fujian-Zhejiang-Jiangxi Soviet Area to defend the base area. The Red 10 Legion used the banner of "Red Army's Anti-Japanese Advance Team to the North", and he served as the commander-in-chief of the advance team. In 65438+February, the Kuomintang army's "encirclement and suppression" of Fujian, Zhejiang and Jiangxi Soviet areas intensified. He was ordered to lead the Red 10 Army Command and the 20 th, 2 nd1Division to jump out of the encirclement of the Kuomintang army and go north to southern Anhui.
After the legion was compiled, the first battle was Tanjiaqiao. The rear enemy supplemented the first brigade, which was isolated and prominent. The enemy * * * three regiment. The Red Ten Corps consists of three divisions. Eliminating and supplementing the first brigade will not only get personnel and materials, but also destroy the arrogance of chasing the enemy. This Liu Chouxi decided to fight here, and no one objected. /kloc-in the winter of 0/933, the first supplementary brigade was adapted by three supplementary regiments of Baoding Training Department. Brigadier Wang is a member of Chiang Kai-shek's army. This is the direct unit of Chiang Kai-shek.
The qualifications of the first phase of Huangpu, coupled with the education of Fu Longzhi Military Academy, are unmatched by Liu Chouxi among the officers and men of the Red Army except Zuo Quan. After serving as the head of the Red Tenth Army and the division commander of the 20th Division, I want to go to war immediately to turn the situation around. When Wang went south with Nanchang Uprising Army, he was a member of the interception. When he served as the commander of the Red 2 1 Army to participate in the fourth counter-campaign against "encirclement and suppression", it was also Wang who led his troops to stick to Yihuang, a strategic place in the Soviet area, and was not breached by the Red Army for 24 days, which was called "miracle" by Chiang Kai-shek. Leading troops and fighting are Wang's two great strengths. The 74th Army, one of the five main forces of the Kuomintang, was later reorganized into the 74th Division, which was brought out by Wang.
Liu Chouxi put the 20th and 2nd1divisions on the right side of the ambush area as frontal attacks, and the 9th division on the left. After the frontal attack, he cut off the enemy's retreat 19 division was not placed in the main attack position. Xun Huaizhou, the former head of the Seventh Army Corps, now the teacher of the 19th Division, and Su Yu, the chief of staff of the 10th Army Corps, all disagreed. He insisted on the original deployment.
When Wang's second avant-garde regiment crossed Wuniguan and Tanjiaqiao, the 20th and 21st Divisions charged the enemy avant-garde regiment continuously, and Zhou Zhidao, the head of the enemy avant-garde regiment, was injured. The king ordered the troops not to retreat, while strengthening the three regiments, one battalion and three battalions to the second regiment for frontal combat, and at the same time making the main force of the three regiments violently counterattack the left wing of the Red Ten Army. Order the first regiment to send a unit to occupy the five-meter pass and hold it firmly. Xun Huaizhou was injured five times, and Tan Jiaqiao became the last time. He died on the way because of his injuries.
Chiang Kai-shek mobilized five regular divisions, two independent brigades and four peace preservation corps, blocked the front and cut off the rear, in an attempt to destroy the advance team in southern Anhui. In the middle of February, 65438+, the advance team was defeated in the battle of Tanjiaqiao in Taiping County due to improper deployment of troops. At this time, it was suggested to disperse troops and carry out guerrilla warfare on the spot. Liu Chouxi worried that the troops were dispersed, which made it more difficult to cope with the "encirclement and suppression" of the Kuomintang army. Decided to go south and return to the Fujian-Zhejiang-Jiangxi Soviet area.
Tanjiaqiao lost the battle and southern Anhui could not stand. Fang Zhimin and Liu Chouxi led the Red Ten Army south and returned to Fujian, Zhejiang and Jiangxi provinces. Huaiyushan on the Zhejiang-Jiangxi border became the last battlefield of the Red Ten Army. Wang found that all the Red Army personnel he captured were sallow and emaciated, and their hands and feet were frozen and cracked. The Red Ten Army was finally defeated. 1935 1 At the end of the year, the main commanders of the Legion, Fang Zhimin and Liu Chouxi, were captured in Chengjiawan.
When returning to the south, Fang Zhimin and Su Yu led 800 people first, and Liu Chouxi led the main force behind. 193565438+1In mid-October, the main force of the Legion was intercepted by the Kuomintang army in the Longshou section outside the Fujian-Zhejiang-Jiangxi Soviet area. At this point, Fang Zhimin, who had arrived at the border port of the Soviet area, saw that the situation was not good, and asked Su Yu and other vanguard troops to continue south, leaving themselves to wait for the main force. By the time he joined Fang Zhimin, the Kuomintang had cut off Su Yu's marching route. The main force of the Red Army 10 was surrounded by the Kuomintang Army 14 regiment in Huaiyushan. Liu Chouxi and Fang Zhimin led the troops to kill and fight many times, but they were unable to break through. In the battle, Liu Chouxi's right hand was shot again. 65438+1In late October, he and Fang Zhimin were captured successively. Chiang Kai-shek did not forget Liu Chouxi, a Huangpu graduate. He also knows that Liu Chouxi, the representative of 1 regiment 3 company, died heroically in the Mianhu Campaign, which decided the life and death of the party troops, and Liu Chouxi, the general affairs section chief of Huangpu Alumni Association. Chiang Kai-shek then specifically charged Gu, director of Jiangxi appeasement office, to "win over"; So Huangpu's old classmates, who hold important positions in the National Revolutionary Army, went to the prison to visit and surrender, and the former Huangpu instructor Gu personally came three times; In the face of death and friendship, Liu Chouxi was unmoved by Juelu-the world can blame him for underestimating his enemy and hesitating in the battle, but his strong revolutionary will is admirable.
In the face of death, Liu Chouxi was calm and fearless. He said to his comrades: "Death is inevitable. As for when to die, I don't know, because life is in the hands of the most ferocious enemy. "
In the early morning of August 6th, 1935 was taken to Xiashawo execution ground in Baihuazhou, Nanchang. He dragged his heavy iron shackles and held his head high, shouting "Long live the Soviet Union in China!" "Long live the Red Army!" "Long live the China * * * production party!" He died heroically at the age of 38. The Red 10 Legion has more than 8,000 troops. Only Su Yu rushed out of the encirclement with 1 mortar company without shells, machine gun company without bullets, 1 infantry company, some patients and government personnel. Although they are defeated soldiers, they are kindling. Later, it developed into an independent division of Fujian-Zhejiang Military Region, the second detachment of the New Fourth Army, the fourth column of Hua Ye and the 23rd Army. They fought in the north and south of the great river and established immortal feats-revolutionary will and ideals were passed down from generation to generation, and finally turned into a prairie fire.
1September 6, 948, the battle of Jinan started, which opened the prelude to the decisive battle of the whole country.
Led 15 column of 320,000 troops, acting commander and political commissar of East China Field Army of China People's Liberation Army-Su Yu, chief of staff of Red 10 Army, was a survivor of bloody battle.
Leading the 14 brigade * * 65438+1 00000 people to defend Jinan was the chairman of Shandong Province and the commander of the second appeasement area, Wang, and the brigade commander of1brigade was added that year.
Sue drew up a battle slogan: "Fight Jinan Prefecture and capture Wang alive!"
On the night of Mid-Autumn Festival, the night of seizing the city-on September 24th, Jinan was completely liberated. Wang escaped in disguise and was captured by militia in Shouguang County.
Perhaps at this time, Su Yu remembered the battle of life and death of Tanjiaqiao 14 years ago; I think of Fang Zhimin and Liu Chouxi, who were shot in Nanchang. Xun Huaizhou was hastily buried in Maolin; A good brother who fought to the last breath in the foothills of southern Anhui; I remembered the impassioned poem "Good news flies like paper money" written by my old comrade-in-arms Chen Yi.