The charm of Len & ampccedilóis maranenses is that the heavy rainfall from July to September every year will create thousands of large and small ponds in this desert. These ponds are as small as ponds and as big as lakes. White sand and blue water make you wonder whether you are in the desert or by the beach.
This desert has an image named maranhao Bedsheet, which is located in the eastern coastal area of St. Louis, the capital of Maranh? o state in northern Brazil. At the beginning of August, at the invitation of the government of Maranh? o, the reporter went to interview with other foreign journalists. When the plane circled over St. Louis, the ground was a vast green Yuan Ye and a quiet river. Who would have thought that the desert would be next to this endless oasis?
If you want to enter maranhao sheets, you must take a bus from St. Louis to Barreirinhas, a small town near the desert, and then drive for three hours to a big river. We boarded a yacht moored on the shore. This big river has a strange name, lazy river. At first, it was named after the wide river and slow water flow, giving people the impression of being slow and lazy.
Take a boat down the river at night and anchor in the shallows. After walking for another seven or eight minutes, a small village appeared. The escort introduced us to a hotel called "Son of the Wind". The hotel is very simple, the room is covered with brown leaves of Britti, a local specialty, and the bedding is quite complete. At dawn, we set out by boat.
Not far away, the ship docked at a simple dock. The car kept bumping up and down on the bumpy sand road for about 40 minutes and finally stopped. At this time, I found that not far from my eyes was a large white sand dune tens of meters high. The fatigue disappeared all the way, and people grabbed cameras and mineral water bottles and ran to the sand dunes.
Gasping, he climbed to the top of the mountain, and the white sand was still under his feet, spreading gently. In the distance, a light green slope below Shui Bo came into view, at least three or four football fields in size, rippling in the sun. Go seven or eight hundred meters to the left and climb a sand dune, which shows that there is a lake ahead. This is the famous blue lagoon, much larger than the first lake, with a slightly blue water color, crystal clear and sparkling. Look carefully, the fish in the lake are playing in the water and can be clearly distinguished. Several unknown birds flew over the lake. Several men and women were swimming in the water, and some were lying on the white sand by the lake in the sun.
The natural scenery of Lake Marassez
There is a lake between every two dunes, and there is a dune between every two lakes. The local tour guide said that this is how the maranhao ice sheet extends from here to the seaside. It is 40 kilometers long from north to south and 20 kilometers wide from east to west. There are thousands of sand dunes and thousands of lakes. In this endless wilderness, there are two small desert oases alone, inhabited by dozens of families, and have been living a pastoral life of slash and burn, picking and grazing, and staying away from the secular. Legend has it that residents in a small village always work by moonlight because their skin lacks pigment and they are afraid of seeing the sun, so they are called moonlight clan.
Dunes are generally as high as twenty or thirty meters, and the highest is about fifty meters. The windward side is mostly an open gentle slope, and the fine sand is lifted by the wind and flutters on the ground like soft white gauze; Most leeward faces are steep, angular and grotesque. Or the top of the mountain, or the lake, sometimes drought-tolerant plants tenaciously hold green leaves.
I thought the desert photographed by the sun would burn my feet, but I didn't expect the delicate and warm sand to be very comfortable to step on. It turns out that the climate here is mild, and the highest temperature in the whole year is between 267 degrees and 334 degrees. Although it is sunny, it is not as hot as the sun. Moreover, the sea breeze in the Atlantic Ocean frequently brought cool sheets to maranhao from the northeast, blowing away the heat when the sun was baking hot sand.
Lakes are formed by the accumulation of rainwater. The local rainy season is from 65438+February to July of the following year, with heavy rain every day and no rain from time to time in the dry season. But the sand in this desert is very fine and the permeability is very weak, so many lakes do not dry up all the year round. For example, the blue lagoon is more than three meters deep in rainy season and two and a half meters deep in dry season. Because the color of aquatic plants at the bottom of the lake and sunlight refract the surrounding vegetation, the lake presents different colors and is very beautiful. Probably because there are few lakes in the desert, people give them nice names, such as Love Lake, Hope Lake, and a big lake, which is called Fish Lake because it is rich in freshwater fish all year round.
Standing quietly in the desert, staring intently at this vast and quiet time and space, the sky is far away, and being alone, a kind of peace and comfort that blends into nature arises spontaneously.
A professional tour guide in the state capital is knowledgeable and versatile, sometimes quoting classics and sometimes reciting poems as fu. He quoted a saying that when the earth split into these large plates, huge sediments were formed on the coast of maranhao. Later, with the decline of seawater, the sediment layer rose, which was washed away by the current to produce gravel, and then accumulated into hills after years of weathering. Another popular view is that many rivers in this area carry a lot of sediment from each basin into the sea, which is blocked by the current and then blown to land by the sea breeze, forming sand dunes. There is at least one small objection in all kinds of information, that is, the maranhao ice sheet is expanding to the Atlantic Ocean at a rate of 20 meters per year. Balanhao sheets are in a unique ecosystem. Traditionally, maranhao is divided into northeastern Brazil, while the western part of the state belongs to Amazon forest in terms of environmental system. Rivers in the whole state are woven. Two rivers with high water potential hold maranhao's sheets in their arms from the east and west, and large areas of dense mangroves grow on both sides of the rivers. The vast sandy plain in the south is covered with palm trees and shrubs. The climate is mild and sunny all year round. The annual rainfall is over 1700 mm, which is 300 times that of the Sahara desert. This man's unique ecosystem created this unique desert. Maranhao flaky nature reserve
The Brazilian federal authorities issued a law to establish the maranhao Bedsheet Nature Reserve. This nature reserve is not only an ecological temple, but also a tourist attraction, which brings infinite business opportunities for local economic development. It is tempting to combine eco-tourism, rural tourism and adventure tourism, but its tourism value has only been paid attention to in recent years.
However, maranhao people have learned from the failure of destructive development in Brazil and abroad. During the interview, the reporter was deeply impressed by two points: one is to adhere to the strategy of sustainable development, and the other is to adhere to its own characteristics.
In maranhao, sustainable development is not a fashionable slogan. When formulating the fundamental policy, we should make sure that maranhao will develop selective tourism, never blindly pursue the number of tourists and avoid predatory tourism development. To this end, the local government strictly controls the scale of infrastructure construction and strictly maintains moderate development. Roads, bridges, ports and other projects are not planned in nature reserves, and buildings with more than three floors are not allowed to be built. Hotels should be mainly horizontal buildings, with no more than 80 beds per hotel. At present, the hotel facilities in maranhao have 300 beds and receive 65,438+5,000 tourists every year. The authorities stipulate that by 20 10, there will be no more than 600 beds and no more than 200,000 visitors a year.
Speedboats and donkeys, barefoot wading on white sand, rough sand roads and crazy off-road vehicles, desert hiking and lake fishing and crab catching are the characteristics of maranhao's bed sheet tourism; It is also a major feature to spend the night in a wilderness hotel with its own power generation, digging wells for water, quiet paths and deep feelings. Being a guest in riverside houses is also a feature, which combines the production mode of maintaining primitive manual labor and basic self-sufficiency with family life with satellite antenna and modern household appliances. All these things will remain the same.