Foreign countries: Britain: 138 1 May, two farmers in East Sussex and Kent revolted first, and they elected Taylor.

As a leader, it quickly swept across most parts of Britain.

Germany: The German peasant war was a local peasant uprising that broke out in 1524, and later extended to most wars in southern Germany (southern Germany, Austria and Switzerland).

France: Peasant Uprising in Northern France from 65438 to 0358.

Russia: 1667- 167 1 year Racine peasant uprising.

Spain: 182 1 year, Spain's 300-year rule over Mexico was coming to an end, and the peasant uprising led by Santa Anna swept through the whole province of California, which was still a part of Mexico at that time.

North Korea: 1895 North Korean peasant uprising

China: Peasant Uprising in Chen Sheng and Guangwu in the Late Qin Dynasty. In July 209 BC (the first year of Qin Ershi), osawa Township (now southeast of Su County, Anhui Province) ① In July 209 BC, Chen Sheng and Guangwu revolted in Daze Township. After capturing Chen Jun, Chen Sheng became king and established the Zhang Chu regime.

In August of 209 BC (the first year of Qin Ershi), Liu Bangpei County (now Jiangsu) (2) Rebels attacked Xingyang and Guanzhong, reaching the vicinity of Xianyang (now Lintong East, Shaanxi). Zhang Han, the general of the State of Qin, led hundreds of thousands of troops to fight back. In 65438+February, Chen Sheng was killed by the traitor Zhuang Jia.

In September of 209 BC (the first year), Xiang Yu joined forces with Ji (now Suzhou) (3) In 207 BC, Xiang Yu led the German Rebel Army to wipe out the main force of Qin in Julu. In 206 BC, Liu Bang led the German rebels to capture Xianyang and destroy Qin. After four years of Chu-Han War, Xiang Yu was defeated and committed suicide. In 202 BC, Liu Bang established the Western Han regime.

At the end of the Western Han Dynasty, the peasant uprising in Wang Kuang and Simomo 17 (Tianfeng five years) Lvlinshan (now Hubei Dahongshan) ① In 17, Wang Kuang and Simomo revolted in Lvlinshan, Hubei; 18, Fan Chong led the Red Eyebrow Army to defeat Wang Mang's army in Changcheng, Shandong.

(2) In 23 years, the outlaw heroes defeated the so-called million-follwed army with 89,000 men in Kunyang. And attacked Chang 'an to overthrow Wang Mang's regime.

A.D. 18 (Tianfeng five years) Juxian County, Fan Chong (now Shandong Province)

In 25 years, Liu Xiu, a powerful landlord, won the fruits of farmers' victory and established the Eastern Han regime.

Eastern Han Dynasty

The opening angle of the Yellow Scarf Army uprising was 184 (the first year of Zhong Ping). In February, "Taiping Road" was founded in Luoyang, and hundreds of thousands of farmers used it to organize into 36 "phalanxes". Propaganda "Heaven dies, Huang Tianli; Years old in Jiazi, the world is good. " Zhang Jiao and his disciples secretly agreed that on March 5, the year of Jiazi (184), all localities rebelled at the same time. The uprising was advanced in February of that year because of the traitor's informer.

The rebel army foiled the enemy's attack many times, but unfortunately Zhang Jiao died of illness. After several months of fighting, the main force of the Yellow Scarf Army failed, but the local insurgents still persisted in fighting for more than 30 years. Under the attack of the Yellow Scarf Uprising, the Eastern Han regime collapsed.

(2) The uprising quickly captured many counties in Hebei, the north and south of the Yellow River and the Yangtze River valley, and the people responded to the uprising. The rebels surrounded Luoyang and defeated the officials of the Eastern Han Dynasty many times. The insurgents wore yellow headscarves, so they were called the "Yellow Scarf Army".

(3) The insurgents have repeatedly defeated the enemy's attacks, but unfortunately Zhang Jiao died of illness. After several months of fighting, the main force of the Yellow Scarf Army failed, but the local insurgents still persisted in fighting for more than 30 years. Under the attack of the Yellow Scarf Uprising, the Eastern Han regime collapsed.

Refugees Uprising in the Late Western Jin Dynasty in Te Li 30 1 year (the first year of Huidi Yongning) Mianzhu (now Sichuan) ① The refugees elected Pakistani Te Li as the leader, who revolted in Mianzhu, Sichuan, and repeatedly defeated the officers and men, and the refugee uprisings all over the country responded in succession.

After the sacrifice of Zhang Chang in 303 (the second year of Huidi Taian), Anlushi Yanshan (now Anlu, Hubei) and Te Li, refugee uprisings in various places lasted for decades, and these uprisings were suppressed one after another. However, the ruling class in the Western Jin Dynasty was also teetering under the attack of the refugee uprising.

Eastern Jin Dynasty (3 17-420)

Peasant Uprising in the Eastern Jin Dynasty in Sun En in 399 (three years of Long 'an in the Eastern Jin Dynasty) Island ① Sun En led an uprising on the island, which broke Shangyu (now Shangyu in Zhejiang Province) and killed the county magistrate, with a huge momentum. Farmers in eight counties responded in succession. Sun En claimed to be the general of the Eastern Expedition, led the uprising and landed across the sea three times, and fought against the troops of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Unfortunately, the last time he lost, Sun En committed suicide by jumping into the sea.

(2) After the failure of the Sun En Uprising, thousands of people led by their brother-in-law Lu Xun continued to fight. Capture Panyu, call himself General Pingxi, and establish peasant regime.

In 403 (the second year of Yuan Xing in the Eastern Jin Dynasty), Lu Xun Island.

(3) The insurgents took the opportunity of Emperor Wu of Song's Northern Expedition to Southern Yan, and defeated 8 Jin Army in two ways, which matched Jiankang (northwest Nanjing). After Emperor Wu of Song destroyed Yan, he quickly returned to health. After Lu Xun was defeated by Emperor Wu of Song, he was buried in the water and the peasant uprising failed. This uprising persisted in the struggle for 12 years, covering the whole territory of the Eastern Jin Dynasty and basically shaking the rule of the Eastern Jin Dynasty.

In 523 (the fourth year of Xiao Ming and Zheng Guang), the people of all ethnic groups in the Northern Wei Dynasty in the Southern and Northern Dynasties broke the Six Han and Eight Mausoleums, and Woye Town (now the northeast of Wuyuan in Inner Mongolia) 1 Xiongnu broke the Six Han and Eight Mausoleums, leading the soldiers and civilians in the northern border town to rebel in Woye Town, and repeatedly defeated the government troops. Two years later, the uprising failed because it was outnumbered.

In 525, Jung (the first year of Xiao Ming Emperor Xiaochang) was in Zuorencheng, Dingzhou. In 2525, people of all ethnic groups in Hebei revolted in Shanggu (now Yanqing, Beijing). After 528 years, under the leadership of Jung, it gradually concentrated and developed to hundreds of thousands of people. Because of underestimating the enemy's leadership and dispersing his forces, the uprising failed and Jung was captured and sacrificed. However, the uprising dealt a heavy blow to Xianbei nobles, swept away the landlord power of the Han nationality, shook the rule of the Northern Wei Dynasty, deepened the understanding of the people of all ethnic groups in the battle, and promoted the great integration of all ethnic groups.

Sui dynasty

Wang Bao, a peasant uprising at the end of Sui Dynasty

Zhai Rang

Li Mi

Dou Jiande

Du fuwei

6 1 1 year (the seventh year of the great cause of Yang Di) Changbai Mountain (now Zhangqiu, Shandong Province)161year, Wang Bo revolted in Changbai Mountain, Shandong Province, and all localities responded, merging into three branches: Shimi and Zhai Rang Wagang Army; Hebei Uprising Army is in Dou Jiande, and Jianghuai Uprising Army is in Du.

(2) 6 16, wagangjun defeated Sui Jun in Xingyang. In the second year, we occupied the warehouse in Luo Xing, opened the warehouse and expanded the team.

(3) 6 18 In March, the emperor was killed by his subordinates in Jiangdu, and the Sui Dynasty perished.

④ In May of 618, Li Yuan seized the fruits of the peasant uprising and established the Tang Dynasty in Chang 'an.

the Tang Dynasty

At the end of the Tang Dynasty, the peasant uprising Qiu Fu led the uprising in eastern Zhejiang in 859 (the 13th year of Xuanzong Dazhong). The uprising lasted for 8 months, and the peasant regime centered on the county was established. The uprising failed.

Pang Xun in 868 (Zong Yi in the ninth year of Xian Tong) Guilin In 2868, Pang Xun led the garrison uprising in Guilin, and the team grew to 200,000 people. The victorious situation made Pang Xun proud, which affected the morale and weakened the strength. In addition, Tang Jun was attacked from three sides, and internal generals defected to the Tang Dynasty. Pang Xun died heroically and the rebels were suppressed.

In early 875 in Wang Xianzhi (the first year of Xuanzong Ganfu) and Changyuan (now Henan), Wang Xianzhi revolted in Changyuan, Henan, and Wang Xianzhi was defeated and killed in February 878.

Huang Chao (now Caoxian County, Shandong Province) In June 1985 (the first year of Xuanzong Ganfu), in June 1985, Huang Chao led many people to respond to the uprising. The insurgents adopted the policy of "avoiding the real and attacking the virtual" and launched mobile operations. They entered Anhui and Zhejiang and captured Guangzhou. Later, he crossed the Yangtze River and Huaihe River, moved to various places, captured Luoyang, established a "Daqi" country in Chang 'an, and suppressed big noble and big bureaucrats.

Tang Xizong fled to Sichuan, concentrated residual forces and local armed forces to fight back. Huang Chao will defect to the enemy. In June, 884, Huang Chao committed suicide after the defeat of Mount Tai. After years of fighting, the remaining troops finally failed.

Northern Song Dynasty

Wang Xiaobo's Peasant Uprising in the Northern Song Dynasty In 993 (the fourth year of Emperor Taizong's Chunhua), Spring Qingcheng (south of guanxian, Sichuan) 1993, Wang Xiaobo and Li Shunzai revolted in Qingcheng, Sichuan, and put forward the slogan of "equal wealth"; In the second year, he occupied Chengdu, established the Dashu regime, controlled parts of Sichuan, persisted in the struggle until the spring of 995, and finally failed.

Li Shun Qingcheng Mountain in 993 (the fourth year of Emperor Taizong's Chunhua) 65438+ February.

Song Jiang 1 1 19 (the first year of Xuanhe) Liang Shanbo (now Liangshan, Shandong) 21119, Song Jiang led the northern people's uprising, and the rebels hit the Northern Song army hard in Hebei, Shandong and Henan. Due to the cruel repression of the ruling class in the Northern Song Dynasty, 6438.

Fang La 1 120 (the second year of Hui Zong Xuanhe) 10 9, Zhou Mu Qingxi (now Chun 'an, Zhejiang) 3 1 120, 10, and the Fang La Uprising in Zhou Mu, Zhejiang. The uprising broke through six counties in Zhejiang, Anhui and Jiangxi, killing corrupt officials. Later, due to lack of food and weapons, he retreated to the cave in Qingxi County, Zhou Mu, and finally failed.

In February, Zhong Xiang and Yang Yao 1 130 (the fourth year of Gao Zongjian Yan) revolted in Dongting Lake, Hunan Province, putting forward the slogan of "all rich and all poor" and establishing "Great Chu".

the Yuan Dynasty

At the end of Yuan Dynasty, farmers in Liu Futong revolted.

Han Shantong

Zhu Yuanzhang

135 1 year (eleven years from Shun Di to Zheng Zheng) 1 month Yingzhou (present-day Fuyang, Anhui) ① Hehan brewed an uprising in the lower reaches of the Yellow River and the Huaihe River basin. Han was killed for leaking secrets, and in May 135 1, he revolted in Yingzhou, Anhui. Xu Shouhui, Guo Zixing and Zhang Shicheng responded to the uprising. The insurgents led by Liu Futong grew rapidly to hundreds of thousands. Because of the red scarf, it is called the Red Scarf Army. 1355 (15th year) In February, political power was established in Bozhou, with the title of "Song". Xu Shouhui established Tianwan peasant regime. Rebels all over the country destroyed the local political power of the Yuan Dynasty, pursued bureaucratic landlords, abolished taxes and levies, and opened warehouses to help the poor. However, under the joint attack of officers and soldiers and landlord armed forces, due to the lack of unified command of the insurgents, the troops were scattered. 1363, the Red Scarf Army led by Liu Futong failed.

(2) Zhu Yuanzhang used the power of the peasant war to eliminate the separatist forces, unify the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, destroy the Yuan Dynasty in 1368, and establish the Ming Dynasty.

Ming dynasty

Gexian Anti-tax Uprising Gexian 160 1 year (twenty-ninth year of Wanli) In early June, Suzhou (1) broke out in dozens of cities in the late Ming Dynasty to protest against excessive taxes and miscellaneous fees, which was a political reflection of the budding capitalism and a new phenomenon in the history of China. 160 1 At the beginning of the year, Suzhou mechanics, led by Ge Xian, surrounded the tax department, killed the tax collectors and scared the tax inspectors to escape. Due to the struggle of many urban people, the Ming government was forced to withdraw all tax inspectors.

Peasant Uprising in Gao Yingxiang in the Late Ming Dynasty.

Li Zicheng

Zhang

1628 (the first year of Chongzhen) Shaanxi

Ansai

Suzhou

(2) 1628, the peasant uprising in northern Shaanxi (Ansai), and various places responded in succession, and uprising leaders such as Li Zicheng and Zhang emerged. 1635, the leaders of the 72nd battalion of the 13th rebel family held a meeting in Xingyang, Henan. Break the encirclement and suppression plan of officers and men.

(3)1636, after Gao Yingxiang's sacrifice, Li Zicheng became king. Moved to Shaanxi, Gansu, Sichuan, Hubei and Henan. Zhang is active in Hubei and Sichuan. Li Zicheng put forward the slogan of "even fields and free of grain", which was supported by urban and rural people. 1643, Xiangyang established political power, and at the beginning of the second year, the country name was "Dashun".

(4) 1644, Li Zicheng conquered Beijing and the Ming Dynasty perished. Soon, Wu Sangui led the Qing soldiers into the customs, and failed under the joint suppression of Manchu and Han landlords.

⑤ 1644. Zhang established the Daxi regime in Sichuan. After the Qing soldiers entered Sichuan, Zhang died. After the sacrifices of Li Zicheng and Zhang, the rebels continued to resist the Qing Dynasty for more than 20 years.

Ching Dynasty

Miao Uprising Deng 1795 (sixty years of Qianlong) February Tongren Prefecture, Guizhou Province (now Tongren County, Guizhou Province) 1795 January, Deng in Tongren Prefecture first led the Miao Uprising, and then the Miao people in various villages responded in succession. Although the Miao uprising lasted for a long time and dealt a heavy blow to the Qing rulers, it was scattered and lacked unified leadership, and was finally brutally suppressed by the Qing government.

Wang Conger An Baili Rebellion 1796 (the first year of Jiaqing) Jingzhou, Hubei 1796 In the first month of January, An Baili Rebellion first occurred in Jingzhou, Hubei, and nearby refugees responded in succession. Wang Conger, the heroine of Anbaili Uprising, was promoted as the leader of Xiangyang Uprising Army. The insurgents moved to Hubei, Shaanxi and Sichuan. The power has grown to hundreds of thousands of people and persisted in the struggle for nine years. The Qing government spent more than 100 million taels of silver and military expenses, and consumed a lot of troops to suppress the uprising.

Lin Qing, Tenrikyo Uprising

Li Wenquan

18 13 (18th year of Jiaqing) Daxing County, Hebei Province

Huaxian County, Henan Province

18 13 years, shortly after the failure of the baili uprising in Henan, Shandong and Ji 'an, another Tian Li uprising broke out. On September 15th, in the 18th year of Yu Jiaqing (18 13), leaders Lin Qing and Li Wenquan, together with other Tian Li leaders in Hebei, Shandong and Henan, set out to capture Beijing.

1853 (the third year of Xianfeng) September Liulichuan Uprising of the Small Knife Club 1853 September Shanghai Small Knife Club was led by Liulichuan and occupied Shanghai County and nearby counties. 1855 February failed under the joint suppression of the Qing army and the British and French invaders.

Heaven and earth will rebel in Chen Kai.

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1June, 854 (the fourth year of Xianfeng)1July, 854, in Foshan town, Guangdong province, Chen Kai, the leader of Guangdong Heaven and Earth Society, led an uprising in Foshan, and Li responded. In just two or three months, the rebels captured more than 40 prefectures, counties and states, and besieged Guangzhou for half a year, which made the reactionary forces at home and abroad very frightened. 1June, 855, Zhou Xun Prefecture (now Guiping) was captured, and a "Dacheng" country was established. Later, Dacheng rebels captured dozens of counties in Fuzhou, which grew to hundreds of thousands of people and once controlled more than half of Guangxi. 186 1 year, the uprising failed because of scattered forces and lack of unified leadership.

From 65438 to 0855 (the fifth year of Xianfeng), Zhang Lexing's Nian Army Uprising. In August, the Nian Army in Luohe, Mengcheng, Anhui Province was developed by the secret organization of farmers in the north. It is active in Anhui, Henan, southwestern Shandong and northern Jiangsu, with bankrupt farmers and homeless people as the main components. /kloc-in 0/853, the leaders of the Nian Army gathered in Luoheji (now Yang Guo), Mengcheng, Anhui Province, pushing Zhang Le as the leader, and began to have unified command and leadership, which was called the Nian Army. After the failure of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, the Nian Army became the main force of the peasants' anti-Qing struggle in the north. Nian Army and the rest of Taiping Army jointly fought until 1868.

Zhang Xiumei, Miao uprising

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Wenxiu Du

1855 (five years in Xianfeng)

1856 (six years in Xianfeng)

Guizhou (province)

Ailaoshan, Yunnan

From 65438 to 0855, the Miao people in Guizhou revolted under the leadership of Zhang Xiumei, and the people of Han, Buyi, Dong and other nationalities also participated in the uprising. From 65438 to 0856, the Yi people in Ailaoshan, Yunnan Province revolted under the leadership of Li. In the same year, Du Wenxiu led the Hui uprising, conquered Dali and established political power. Due to the lack of unified leadership, the anti-Qing struggle of people of all ethnic groups in various places failed one after another under the cruel suppression of the Qing army.

Hong Xiuquan, the revolutionary movement of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, founded Zoroastrianism 185 1 year (the first year of Xianfeng) 1 Yuejintian Village (now Guiping, Guangxi) 1843. 185 1 year 1 month/day Jintian village uprising, occupied Yong' an in September and enfeoffed the kings. 1853 In March, Nanjing was occupied, changed to Tianjing, promulgated the "Tianmu System of China", and launched the Northern Expedition and the Western Expedition. The Nian Army and the filial piety society responded to the uprising and formed the first revolutionary climax.

1856 September 1 Yang Wei incident, Wei Changhui rebellion, Shi Dakai split, and its strength weakened. Later Chen Yucheng, Li Xiucheng, Hong Ren? Maid? Banana will be fined 86 1 in Anqing. Under the joint suppression of Chinese and foreign reactionaries, Tianjing fell in July 1864, and the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom revolutionary movement failed.