The battle between Chu and Han lasted from 206 BC to 202 BC, and finally ended with Xiang Yu's self-immolation of Wujiang River and Liu Bang's victory.
Today, I want to share with you the four main reasons I summarized.
First, Xiang Yu paid too much attention to his own strength, and was stingy with the rewards of meritorious service, so he didn't need to place talents.
When Liu Bang gave a banquet in Nangong, Luoyang, he asked a question: "The generals of the later dynasties did not dare to hide me, and they all expressed their feelings. Why do I own the world? Why did Xiang Jia lose the world? "
Gao Qi and the tomb replied, "Your majesty is slow and insulting, while Xiang Yu is kind and loving. But your majesty makes people attack the city slightly, and it is also beneficial to the world to give it to those who fall. Xiang Yu is jealous of talents, and those who have made meritorious deeds will be harmed. Those who make meritorious deeds are suspicious, those who win are not rewarded, and those who seize land are not rewarded. This is why they lost the world. "
Liu Bang smiled and shook his head: "The public knows one, but not the other."
Xiang Yu's uneven distribution of interests is really just one of the reasons for his failure, because if this point is subdivided, it can be summarized into three small categories:
1, pay attention to relatives, the military ranks are not promoted by merit, and their love is not the brother of their wives (Chen Pingyu);
2. Pay attention to talents, but don't want to listen to suggestions for appointment. This is how Chen Ping and Han Xin switched to Liu Bang's camp.
3. Xiang Yu pays too much attention to the strength of the "army" and ignores the talents who are good at other fields.
Historical Records and Biography of Li Sheng Lu Jia (Volume 37); Wang Xiang ... doesn't remember people's advantages, and he doesn't forget people's sins; Failure without reward, pulling out the city without sealing; Non-item use is useless; Engraving for people, cutting and giving up; Siege is rewarded, but not rewarded: the world surrounds it, and talents complain about it, but don't use it.
For a strong man like Xiang Yu, along the way, he basically defeated his opponent with military strength. This one-sided pursuit of force is enough for conquest, but when this concept is applied to treat allies and talents, it will only make people feel chilling.
Second, the personality is too suspicious, which leads to the team falling apart.
When Liu Bang was trapped in Xingyang, Chen Ping designed to alienate Xiang Yu from Fan Zeng and Zhong Limei to help Liu Bang break the deadlock.
The plan is simple. Chen Pinghua spent a lot of money spreading rumors in Xiang Yu's army, so that Xiang Yu heard that Fan Zeng and Zhong Limei were dissatisfied with their contributions, but they were not rewarded, so he decided to unite with Liu Bang to destroy Xiang Yu.
Xiang Yu was really suspicious when he heard the news, and sent messengers to find Liu Bangjun to know if it was true.
Liu Bang, who had already prepared, did not let Xiang Yu "down". Liu Bang showed Xiang Yu his neglect and respect for Fan Zeng.
Historical Records, Volume 56, Family of Prime Minister Chen, Volume 26: The envoy of Chu returned with a report. Wang Da suspects his father.
After that, Fan Zeng's suggestion was ignored by Xiang Yu, who wondered all day whether Fan Zeng was setting a pit for himself.
Xiang Yu is tired, and Fan Zeng is tired, feeling that he will not love again.
So, Fan Zeng made a request to Xiang Yu: "What's going on in the world is decided, and the king should be the king! Please return the bones! "
Xiang Yu approved it, and Fan Zeng, the second-in-command of Xiang Yu's camp, ended badly. He did not return to Cheng Peng and died of gangrene.
Third, the slaughter of the people led the people to take refuge in Liu Bang.
Liu bang, who came from the bottom, knows better than Xiang Yu: people's livelihood is suffering.
Looking at what Liu Bang has done from beginning to end, we will find an interesting phenomenon: Liu Bang has been winning the favor of the people, but Xiang Yu often kills and plunders the captured cities!
Historical Records of Emperor Gaozu: All the veterans in Wang Huai said that Xiang Yu was a vicious thief. Xiang Yu tried to attack Xiangcheng, and Xiangcheng was the same and destroyed.
Historical Records Biography of Emperor Gaozu: It is the time to attack Qi from the north and fight Chengyang. When Tian Rong was defeated, he went to the plain, and the people in the plain killed him. Qi all fell to Chu. Chu captured his children by burning battlements. The Qi people rebelled.
A man can carry a boat or capsize it. Liu Bang knows this better than Xiang Yu. So Xiang Yu completely lost the battle of hearts.
Fourth, it is unfair to kill Chu Huaiwang.
Xiang Yu and Liu Bang are nominally from Chu Huaiwang. According to the concept at that time, "courtiers" should be loyal to the monarch. Although this concept is only a slogan in name only when it lacks strength support, it does not prevent everyone from using this banner to "hold the emperor to make the princes."
After all, compared with a general, the king in the hearts of the people is more appealing!
When Liu Bang fought back against Xiang Yu, in the name of revenge for the righteous emperor, he gathered the princes who were dissatisfied with Xiang Yu's arrangement of enfeoffment and launched a massive battle against BOSS: Hanwang robbed five princes and soldiers, and then entered Pengcheng (the capital of Xiang Yu's regime).
Although, in the end, Xiang Yu completed the anti-killing. ...
abstract
Looking back on this period of history, it is always amazing that Liu Bang was able to fight against Xiang Yu. With his rich life experience, he accurately perceived the emotional needs of others, and with his unique personality charm, he made those people with different personalities and arrogant hearts willing to control them.
This has to make people gasp in admiration, Chu-Han dispute, Xiang Yu was not wronged!