Practice and Exploration on Teaching Reform of Medical Imaging Technology Specialty
Abstract of medical imaging technology papers
In the teaching reform practice of medical imaging specialty in Urumqi Military Medical College for more than six years, good results have been achieved by strengthening practical teaching objectives, optimizing teaching curriculum configuration, reorganizing discipline system, improving teaching methods and contents, constructing curriculum quantitative assessment system and carrying out teaching evaluation.
Catalogue of medical imaging technology papers
Keywords:: medical imaging technology teaching reform
As the first batch of schools in Lanzhou Military Region to recruit medical imaging technology, our hospital started to offer medical imaging technology junior college classes from 1999. According to the spirit of the conference on teaching reform in military academies. Starting from teaching practice, after more than six years of exploration and practice of teaching reform, initial results have been achieved for colleagues' reference and correction.
First, establish teaching objectives. Strengthen practical teaching
(A) grasp the law and emphasize the goal of practical teaching.
Strengthen practical operation, comprehensively reform the present situation of unreasonable teaching ratio, and break the boundary between theory and practice teaching in stages. It fully reflects that the basic task of this major is to train high-tech applied medical imaging professionals to meet the needs of grassroots troops and local health work. Apply? As a feature, strengthen practical operation around practical ability. With the help of modern educational technology, the characteristics of visualization of imaging discipline are highlighted and the teaching efficiency is improved. All imaging diagnostics are taught in the laboratory. Electronic slide show teaching is combined with students' simultaneous reading of real movies to achieve the goal of zero-distance contact between theory and practice. The basic theory of X-ray photography and the development chemistry of X-ray photography are taught in a centralized way, and all positions of X-ray photography enter the laboratory. On the basis of teachers' demonstration operation, students are mainly divided into groups for operation training, so as to achieve the purpose of focusing on learning basic theories and strengthening gymnastics standardization in groups. In the internship, implement? Tutorial system? Advocate the combination of active practice and active guidance of students in teaching, and conduct assessment in stages throughout the whole process to ensure the quality of practical teaching.
(B) Grasp the core and optimize the curriculum system and teaching content
Focusing on cultivating professional skills and comprehensive quality, to adapt to the rapid development of medical imaging and the change of imaging subject structure, the original teaching content should be based on the principles of highlighting imaging diagnosis, paying attention to practical teaching, strengthening skill training and adapting to the needs of grassroots development. Basic courses are based on necessity and sufficiency, and professional basic courses are based on professional needs. Professional courses are based on broad foundation and practicality. Basic courses: cancel advanced mathematics and physics and change it into medical imaging physics, and add a humanities course; Professional basic courses: combine electrical and electronics as the basis of medical electronics, combine the original medical microbiology and human parasitology into medical etiology, reduce the hours of biochemistry, pharmacology and medical etiology, combine human anatomy, histology and embryology into human anatomy and embryology, and increase human sectional anatomy; Specialized courses: on the basis of the original X-ray projection and X-ray machine principle construction and maintenance, CT, MPd, CR and DR are added, reorganized into medical imaging equipment and medical imaging inspection technology, and the original X-ray diagnostics, CT diagnostics and MR/ diagnostics are integrated into medical imaging diagnostics. At the same time, some original courses, such as interventional radiology, imaging nuclear medicine, radiotherapy and so on. , to independently choose the major platform and small direction module courses into elective courses.
(3) Broaden horizons and strengthen targeted teaching.
1. Strengthen the professional knowledge of the second classroom, expand and improve the professional quality and develop potential functions, and weaken the functions other than professional teaching. One is to give lectures, such as medical statistics, basic medical research, medical literature retrieval, medical paper writing, medical information management, professional English and so on. Secondly, by opening the laboratory, students design their own content to strengthen it. For students who have spare capacity for study, set up a project team, and the teacher will guide them around the design project, and expand their professional knowledge by consulting materials and practical operations.
2. Strengthen the construction of teaching staff by introducing foreign materials. Hire experts with practical experience outside the hospital as part-time professors, and come to the hospital regularly to give lectures or guide the work, so as to enrich clinical practice knowledge; According to the needs of professional teaching, teachers are arranged to carry out special training and exchanges, and teaching and academic research are jointly carried out with hospitals according to teaching practice to promote and develop together.
Second, build a comprehensive evaluation system for students' majors.
(A) separation of theory and skill evaluation.
According to the requirements of professional training objectives, the original "one paper and one post" model is reformed, and the way of separating professional theory from professional skills is adopted. For professional theory and professional skills assessment, any one is considered unqualified, and the requirements of professional skills should be strengthened by changing the assessment methods. Among them, the theoretical examination is generated by the question bank, and the skill examination is divided into two parts: oral examination and operation, and experts outside the hospital are invited to evaluate.
(B) the establishment of skills target assessment criteria
1, medical imaging diagnostics is divided into usual assessment, final assessment and graduation assessment. Generally, the evaluation is based on the number of diagnostic readings completed by each system and the quality of diagnostic reports. Double-blind film examination was conducted after class and graduation, photos of each system were taken, and a diagnosis report was written. The report results are divided into five parts: format, description content, noun application, diagnosis order and diagnosis conclusion.
2.x-ray photography is a double-blind extraction of specific operation contents. The evaluation is divided into six parts: darkroom loading, machine preparation, posture placement, tool application, conditional equipment and darkroom film development.
3. Random topics of medical imaging equipment. It is divided into four parts: principle description, component specification, circuit analysis and instrument use.
(C) improve the practice assessment methods
Add the assessment criteria of internship objectives in the internship manual and improve the two-way supervision mechanism of internship (learning and teaching). Medical imaging diagnosis and medical imaging examination are divided into Modern Medical Imaging Volume 15, No.6, Volume 2, February 2006 according to professional courses, and then divided into three parts: general imaging, CT and Mill, with assessment contents and quantitative standards set respectively. For the assessment process, each small part is required to be assessed by a teaching doctor (technician), and each large part is conducted by means of departmental examination and school sampling examination. Before the end of the internship, the school and hospital departments should check and assess together.
Third, strengthen the reform of teaching methods and means, and carry out teaching quality evaluation.
Follow four teaching methods? Useful? Principle: It is conducive to the development of students' and teachers' dominant position, the embodiment of subject characteristics and the implementation of training objectives, the cultivation of students' learning interest and thinking and analysis ability, and the development of personality potential and innovative spirit of both teachers and students. Pay attention to flexible teaching methods such as inspiration, discussion, demonstration and operation teaching. Adopt modern educational technology, encourage the application of online courses, multimedia courseware and other teaching methods to solve the key and difficult points of teaching and improve teaching efficiency.
By improving the quality supervision mechanism, teaching quality evaluation is carried out, combining static evaluation with dynamic evaluation, and promoting construction and management by quality evaluation through 19 static indicators and 10 dynamic indicators such as evaluation of teaching conditions, evaluation of teachers' academic level, evaluation of teaching methods, evaluation of experimental teaching experts, evaluation of teaching plan quality experts, evaluation of second classroom quality and analysis of test results. It has played an important role in optimizing teaching content, reforming teaching methods, promoting teaching modernization and improving the overall teaching quality.
The practice in the past six years has proved that students' professional quality and application ability have been obviously improved. The passing rate of the operation skill examination reached 100%. Teaching practice hospitals and employers generally reflect well, and all graduates are employed. However, there are also some situations. Because of the great differences in students' quality, some students are not adapted after the implementation of the reform, which affects the teaching progress. Therefore, we are constantly exploring and perfecting the existing teaching reform scheme, and further summarizing and perfecting it through continuous teaching practice.
Discussion on standardization construction of medical imaging technology
Abstract of medical imaging technology papers
With the wide application of medical imaging technology in clinic, the standardization of medical imaging technology is becoming more and more prominent. This paper discusses the standardization construction of medical imaging technology from the aspects of improving the quality of medical imaging technical team, the digitalization construction of medical imaging network working system, and the writing of medical imaging diagnosis report.
Catalogue of medical imaging technology papers
Medical imaging technology; Diagnosis; standardize
Standardization of medical imaging technology means that medical imaging diagnosis reaches a certain standard, that is, the diagnostic level is continuously improved by means of medical imaging examination. It requires that the inspection items should be carried out reasonably according to the conditions of equipment and instruments, and reach a certain level or quality standard within a certain period of time. The ultimate goal is to improve the diagnosis rate, reduce missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis, and meet the needs of patients to the greatest extent. However, China has a vast territory and uneven distribution of medical resources, and the equipment and level of medical imaging technology in different hospitals are quite different, even in the same hospital. In order to further improve the diagnostic level of medical imaging and provide understandable and understandable diagnostic basis for clinic accurately and reliably, it is imperative to strengthen the standardization construction of medical imaging technology.
1 improve the quality of medical imaging technical team
Medical imaging equipment is constantly updated and the cycle is getting shorter and shorter. Images based on high-tech imaging equipment are undergoing tremendous changes. The knowledge range, working principle and performance of constantly updated equipment involve extensive knowledge in computer field and engineering field. In the traditional sense, imaging technicians, regardless of their age, should be familiar with, master and even master this new digital imaging technology from scratch, that is to say, they should change from the old working mode to a more open and diversified medical technology concept. To establish a new concept of medical technology, we should at least start from the following aspects. First of all, we should take the time to improve our English listening, speaking, reading, writing and translation skills quickly. Digital equipment is displayed in English in terms of interface display, operation tips, site selection, projection mode and post-processing content. English is both a foundation and a tool. At the same time, with the development of China's medical industry, academic exchanges with domestic and foreign countries will be more frequent, and the speed of introducing advanced technology and equipment will also be accelerated. Only by constantly improving English level can we further apply and develop image processing functions and use new equipment reasonably and efficiently. Secondly, we should read more professional or popular publications about IT network and computer information technology, understand the operation of the network, make clear the concepts of image intake, deletion, processing, transmission, storage and printing, and accumulate and enrich this knowledge through cooperation with programming and network engineers. Third, constantly improve the knowledge structure of image diagnosis. The anatomical structure, physiology, pathology and pathological evolution of various parts of human body, the display of its images on the monitor is different from the needs of related diagnosis, and the parameters of digital images are adjustable and fault-tolerant. How to make the posture design more reasonable in the post-processing of images, how to make the region of interest real and have the characteristics needed for clear diagnosis, puts forward higher requirements for technicians to comprehensively use imaging knowledge and diagnostic knowledge.
2. Establish a medical image network working system.
With the advent of the digital age, medical imaging, a comprehensive subject, has gradually entered a new era of comprehensive digitalization from image projection, imaging, film reading, report writing and remote consultation. For example, in recent years, the introduction and clinical application of advanced color Doppler ultrasound examination instruments have broadened the scope and service objects of ultrasound examination, and the ultrasound images, diagnostic information and workload have doubled. However, original handwritten reports, thermal printed images, manual medical record filing, retrieval and query, workload statistics, etc. It obviously affects the work efficiency and service quality, and cannot better serve teaching, scientific research and patient diagnosis and treatment. All these put forward realistic requirements for the establishment and perfection of medical image network working system. Medical imaging room, as a medical department of the hospital, is closely related to patients and clinical departments. This connection is simply expressed as the requirements of the application form of patients and clinical departments and the reply of the inspection report form of the imaging room. The imaging room is an orderly process from receiving the application form to issuing the inspection report. The efficiency, service quality and good connection of each work will reflect the overall work efficiency, service quality and management level of the imaging room. This requires an integrated operation from booking registration to issuing reports (as shown in figure 1).
Figure 1 Flow chart of image network working system (omitted)
The establishment and clinical application of image network working system can not only realize the general information of patients? Image acquisition? Archiving all the information in the diagnosis report can improve the diagnosis level and service quality, reduce medical disputes, and improve patient satisfaction because of the transparency and openness of medical order and the warmth of medical services, which greatly contributes to the establishment of a harmonious doctor-patient relationship. At the same time, the establishment of the network truly reflects the enjoyment of medical information, so that the X-ray, CT, MRI images and diagnostic opinion reports taken by patients in one hospital still have reference value in remote consultation or referral to other hospitals for consultation, consultation or treatment, and there is no need for repeated examination, which not only saves manpower and material resources, reduces the waste of medical resources, but also reduces the economic burden of patients. The process of digitalization has greatly shortened the time from receiving medical consultation to sending reports, from the past. Reducing the waiting time of patients has become an important standard to measure the quality of medical services. In order to do this well and shorten the time consumption of each link, it is particularly important to use information transmission to make each link run smoothly.
3. Improve the medical image diagnosis report
3. 1 basic process standardization medical image diagnosis report is one of the important bases for clinicians to diagnose and determine the treatment plan, and it is also an important medical document. The quality of report writing represents the diagnostic level of the department and the level and development of the whole discipline. This requires medical imaging staff to consult medical records, understand the condition, comprehensively observe and systematically analyze, identify, compare and synthesize with the clinic, and write a report to make a conclusion.
3.2 Basic Format The format of standardized medical image diagnosis report is a form, and the content it reflects must meet the requirements of quality assurance and quality control. Looking at the current diagnosis reports at home and abroad, there are various forms and different sizes and complexities. However, from the perspective of quality assurance and quality control, the general format of medical image diagnosis report should include the following five items in turn: general information, including patient's name, gender, age, department, hospitalization number, ward, bed, outpatient number, X-ray number, CT number, MRI number, DSA number, X-ray serial number, inspection date and report date. Inspection name and inspection method or technology; Medical imaging manifestations or discussions, such as X-ray, CT, MH, DSA, etc. Medical image diagnosis or impression part; Write a report, review the report, and have the doctor's signature. In clinical work, the above five contents can be embodied in the following format. The first is a segmentation description method from image marking or discussion to image diagnosis or impression. The second is the segmentation description from image diagnosis or impression to image logo or discussion. The third is a mixed description method of image symbols or discussions and image diagnosis or impression. The fourth is the table format, which is to design the report into a fixed table. Fifth, arrange the items one by one, arrange the observation contents in order, and fill in the normal, abnormal or opinions in the reserved space. Among them, the second report format is the most widely used and commonly used one at present, because it conforms to the five contents of standardized reports and inspection standards, and is one of the currently recognized standard formats.
3.3 Basic Requirements Standardized writing The general principle of standardized report content is that the image description is concise, and the important parts or contents are written first to answer the requirements of clinicians; Lesions should be quantified and described by morphological and imaging markers. Imaging examination should compare signs, make necessary differential diagnosis, and finally draw the conclusion of imaging examination. General and routine items should be complete, the description should be orderly, the primary and secondary items should be clear, and the description should be consistent with the diagnosis conclusion. In addition, it also requires neat handwriting, fluent sentences and standardized terminology.
3.4 Precautions: Medical image report is a legally binding medical document that converts pathological images into words. It emphasizes objectivity and scientificity, and it is forbidden to mix subjective impressions. Don't arbitrarily diagnose diseases based on images, and don't rely too much on clinic, so you must write accurately and objectively. This must be described by standardized imaging academic language or anatomical and pathological names, and can't be written by personal hobbies. Seeking truth from facts and not practicing fraud are the most basic requirements for medical imaging technicians. In a word, it is urgent and urgent to strengthen the standardization of medical imaging technology, which requires many efforts. Only in this way can we improve the accuracy of medical image diagnosis, better serve the clinic and benefit patients.
Papers and documents on medical imaging technology
Jerry Lee, Yang Demin, Miao Zhuang, et al. Establishment and clinical application of ultrasonic imaging network working system [J]. China Journal of Modern Imaging, 2005, (12): 1078? 1080.
Duan Shaoyin, Cai Guo Xiang, Feng Ye, et al. Discussion on standardization of medical imaging diagnosis report writing [J]. China Modern Imaging Journal, 2000, (1):90? 9 1.
Lin Haibo, Cao Ran, Hui Ye, et al. Problems in the digital construction of imaging technology [J]. Modern Hospital, 2004, (6): 1 17? 1 18.
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