The high-handed policy of the reactionary Kuomintang authorities further aroused students' indignation. Under the leadership of Party organizations, many schools are planning to hold larger demonstrations. 19 In May, the second day after the promulgation of the Interim Measures for Maintaining Social Order, more than 7,000 students from Shanghai College 14 held an anti-hunger and anti-civil war demonstration in the name of sending away a joint petition group representing universities in Shanghai and Hangzhou to save the education crisis. The parade held high banners such as "begging at gunpoint". On May 20th, students from North China, Nanjing and Shanghai held demonstrations against hunger, civil war and persecution in Peiping, Tianjin, Nanjing and Shanghai respectively. The students shouted slogans such as "anti-civil war, anti-hunger, anti-dictatorship", "opposing conscription and grain requisition", "increasing education funds" and "abolishing secret service organizations" and actively prepared to launch a strike on June 2. Demonstrations in various places were brutally suppressed by Kuomintang agents and military police. On the opening day of the Third Session of the Fourth Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference Conference, the Kuomintang authorities laid heavy troops in Nanjing, the capital, and made preparations. More than 6,000 students from 16 colleges and universities who went to Nanjing for a joint demonstration were attacked by the Kuomintang military police with hoses, whips and clubs. 19 students were seriously injured,14 students were slightly injured, and 28 people were arrested. Tianjin 17 students were arrested and nearly 50 people were injured; This is the "5.20" tragedy that shocked the whole country.
The Kuomintang created a "5.20" tragedy in the capital that shocked the whole country. After the tragedy, the Nanjing Academic Committee held a press conference under the instruction of the Nanjing Municipal Committee of the Communist Party of China, which reported the tragedy, stirred up the whole country, exposed the crimes of the Kuomintang authorities, and called on students all over the country to unite and resolutely oppose the Kuomintang reactionaries. The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China promptly issued instructions to flexibly use the struggle strategy to make the mass struggle move in the direction of opening up the second battlefield in Chiang Kai-shek's region 2.
According to the instructions of the central authorities and under the leadership of local party organizations, the movement quickly expanded to more than 60 large and medium-sized cities in the Kuomintang-ruled areas. Students in Shanghai, Chongqing, Guangzhou and other places went on strike to protest against the "5.20" tragedy. The anti-hunger, anti-civil war and anti-persecution movements of students all over the country quickly merged into a huge torrent of patriotic and democratic movements, which strongly impacted the reactionary rule of the Kuomintang. Under the influence of the student movement, 68 groups of the Shanghai Federation of People's Organizations issued a declaration of solidarity with students on behalf of 400,000 citizens. Changxindian workers went on strike for 3 days to support students; Nanjing workers and citizens actively donate money for students; The China Democratic League, the Democratic Party of Peasants and Workers, the National Salvation Association and other party groups have issued statements in support of the students' just actions and called on the people to fight. Many university professors and social celebrities jointly expressed their opinions, protesting against the atrocities of the reactionary Kuomintang authorities and supporting the students' just actions. The student movement has won wide sympathy and support from public opinion at home and abroad and from all walks of life, and soon formed a people's movement against Jiang's patriotism.
In response to the movement of students in North China, Nanjing and Shanghai to save the education crisis, under the leadership of the Yunnan Provincial Working Committee, students in Kunming College and technical secondary schools also launched a struggle to increase public expenses. Seven secondary vocational schools, including Kunhua Polytechnic School and Kunhua Chinese Business School, jointly formed the Yunnan Provincial Federation of Public Schools, calling on all walks of life in the city to increase public funds and improve treatment. More than 2,500 students from eight schools, including Kunhua Normal School, petitioned the Provincial Department of Education to improve public expenditure and the treatment of teachers. After the struggle, the provincial education department was forced to promise to improve the treatment of students. At the same time, Yunnan University issued the "Declaration on Strike for Life Guarantee", proposing four requirements: increasing public expenses, improving the treatment of faculty and staff, increasing national education funds, and immediately abolishing the "Measures for Maintaining Public Order", and decided to strike for five days from May 2 1 day. In order to support the "May 20" tragedy and protest against the atrocities of the Kuomintang reactionaries, on June 2, more than 40 large and medium-sized schools in Kunming announced a one-day general strike, and more than 65,438+/kloc-0,000 students gathered in Yunnan University Square to hold a rally against civil war, hunger and atrocities and held a massive demonstration. Along the way, the students chanted slogans such as "Begging at gunpoint", "Opposing civil war", "Opposing indiscriminate money", "Raising education funds" and "Punishing the May 20th murderer severely", sang songs such as "Stand up for food", wrote slogans and performed makeup performances, which won the support of people from all walks of life. There are even scenes where students write slogans on the police booth and the police smile at each other.