The geographical scope of the South includes East China, South China and Southwest China. The geographical scope of the north roughly includes North China, Northeast China and Northwest China.
In history, China, China, unification and unity: mostly from north to south, only two short-lived unification from south to north, but they were all replaced by north, south, politics and power in the subsequent civil war.
At the end of the warring States period, Qin Shihuang destroyed six countries.
Liu Bang, Emperor Gaozu of Han Dynasty, defeated Xiang Yu of Chu State to end Chu, Han, war and struggle.
The Western Jin Dynasty eliminated Soochow and unified China.
The Sui Dynasty destroyed the Southern Dynasties, ending the situation of the split between the north and the south in China during the Southern and Northern Dynasties.
The Northern Song Dynasty replaced the later Zhou Dynasty, gradually eliminated all kinds of forces, politics and power entrenched in the south from the north, and ended the division of the late Tang Dynasty, the Five Dynasties and the Ten Kingdoms.
The early Ming Dynasty ended the division of China in the late Yuan Dynasty.
North, West, Chiang Kai-shek, China, Right South, Beijing, China, people, government and government are nominally unified, one, China and the country.
In the second country, * * *, at home, in the war, in China, in China and in production, the Party attacked from north to south and defeated China, China, the country, the people and the Party.
According to historical records, the Central Plains in the north is the birthplace of the Chinese nation. The disaster of Yongjia in the Western Jin Dynasty led to the migration of the north, the east, the nationalities and ethnic groups to the southern Jiangdong area. Among them, the largest ones are Wang, Xie, Yuan and Xiao, while ordinary people only bring their own necessities such as clothes and hats because they have no huge property migration, so this great migration is also called clothing, crown and south. Northerners brought advanced production technology to the south. Later, the economic and cultural center of China moved from the Central Plains to Jiangdong, and Jiangdong gradually became the south of the Yangtze River because of its influence.
Economically, the northern economy has always surpassed the southern economy. Until the end of the Tang Dynasty, the economic center of gravity moved south, and in the Song Dynasty, the southern economy surpassed the northern economy. Before the Song Dynasty, the victory of the North-South confrontation mainly depended on economic advantages. After the Song Dynasty, there were many other reasons besides economic factors. Geographical factors are very important.
The south is rich in natural products, mostly a land of plenty. During the anti-separatist period, due to the complex terrain in the south, it is easy to have a divided, occupied and divided small court. The open terrain in the north is easy to form a large-scale army, affairs, troops and quantity. Unifying the north and forming a huge, standardized and modular military force, driving south, the small court in the south is often unable to compete.
Whether a region can have a strong society, society, politics, governance, strength and quantity has a great relationship with the folk customs, society, culture, uniqueness, color and development level of this region. Guanzhong is close to Xirong, where customs are brave and people are used to fighting; Since Shang Yang's political reform, people in Qin Dynasty have been agriculture-oriented, leaving a far-reaching legacy and forming a completely different social fashion from that in the East. During the Qin and Han dynasties, there was a saying that "Kanto was a spectacle and was a general"; In the late Northern Dynasty, Xian, Bei, Jun, Jun, Tribe, North, Fang, Han, surname, Tu and Tribe United to form a group power-Guanlong Group, which became the basis for the unification and governance of the Western Wei Dynasty, the Northern Zhou Dynasty, the Sui Dynasty and the early Tang Dynasty. Since the Warring States Period, Hebei has always been the forefront of resistance, attack, north, square, travel, animal husbandry, people and ethnic groups, and the formation of the folk customs of Hebei's bitter struggle and learning war has a lot to do with this. Since King Wuling of Zhao changed his control, Khufu rode and shot, and he was a good soldier in Hebei, ranking first in the world. On the other hand, a considerable part of Hebei's political power was established by tourists, herders, people and tribes from the Great Wall. These people, tribes and men who grew up and lived on horseback are good at riding and shooting, and they are born to swim, graze, gallop, hunt, go out in wartime, levy, fight and fight. Moreover, from the perspective of tourists, herders, people and nationalities in Senegal, most of them can accept the advanced culture of the Han nationality and all ethnic groups. In this way, the spirit of the new, prosperous, civilian and nomadic people at the beginning of the race is suitable for conscription, and the nature of the war and the acceptance of the advanced culture of the Han nationality and all ethnic groups form forces that are difficult for the Han nationality and all ethnic groups to compete with at least militarily. Most of the politics and power in the southeast were transferred by Joe, who was the seat of China's communication, unification, politics, governance and China, and the protector of the advanced culture in the Central Plains. In this way, there is no gap between the local culture and the central cultural area between the southeast region and the Central Plains region. The advanced social culture of the Central Plains constitutes an important foundation for the East, the South, politics and power. After the fall of the north, most of the political and political powers moved to the southeast can integrate the south, the east, society and society, and keep half of the country in the south of the Yangtze River, forming a confrontation between the north, the east, minorities, numbers, people, nationalities, politics and power.
China's territory spans the north and the south, and there are great differences in climate, environment and people's habits between the north and the south, so there are also great differences between the north and the south in terms of soldiers, troops, specialties, length and physique.
Northern minorities are engaged in swimming, herding, shooting and hunting. Men are usually good at riding, shooting, swimming, herding, galloping, hunting, fighting, swimming, hunting and hunting, which can be described as the unity of soldiers and civilians; In war, strategy, war and technique, he is good at distance, travel, rush, attack, riding, soldiers, wild and war; Pay attention to give full play to one's enthusiasm and strive for oneself; Growing up in the north, it is cool and can't tolerate summer heat, so its war against the south is mainly in autumn and winter. In autumn and winter, the horse fat and soil are solid and clean in autumn, which is conducive to cavalry driving.
The southern Han people take farming as their occupation and have a high degree of social civilization. The main characteristics of their society are highly organized and the use of water conservancy. Its management and use of soldiers are also adapted to its environment, production and lifestyle characteristics. Governance, army by group, weaving, rank, order, discipline and law are good. The famous southern armies in history, such as Beifu soldiers, Yue Jiajun, Qi Jiajun and Xiang, are all good at discipline, law, strictness, openness and training. In war, strategy, tactics, technology, military affairs, attention, emphasis, planning, strategy, teaching, research, department, military affairs, array, law, being good at profit, use, city and city as the basis, point, prevent, prevent and use rivers and waterways in plain areas for transportation. Establish a water conservancy department. The south actively used troops against the north mainly in spring and summer. In spring and summer, in the rainy season in the monsoon region of eastern China, the river rises, which is convenient for river transportation, waterway transportation and delivery of manpower and material resources.
Both the North and the South have their own strengths and strengths. In view of the climate and topographical characteristics of the Central Plains, both the north and the south have their own advantages and disadvantages in time and location. What is good for the south is not necessarily good for the north, and what is good for the north is not necessarily good for the south. Both sides have the opportunity to give full play to their strengths and take advantage of each other's weaknesses.
During the relatively stable confrontation between the North and the South, the two sides often reach a balance of power. The confrontation between the two sides has stabilized on the middle line of the Yangtze River and the Yellow River. As long as any party crosses this middle line, it will face great difficulties and encounter great resistance. This middle line is usually the Huaihe River in the east. Although the southern forces can occasionally reach as far as the Yellow River and the northern forces can sometimes drink horses from the Yangtze River, the two sides have been generally stable in the Huaihe River; In the western region, the Qinling Mountains are usually the boundary.
The defense, defense, grid and bureau in southeast China are based on the Yangtze River and Huaihe River. The confrontation between the north and the south, the south mainly depends on the Yangtze River and Huaihe River. Some southern armies, armies, heavy industries and towns were formed on this basis. The Yangtze River connects Bashu, Jingxiang and wuyue, running thousands of miles from east to west, and the upstream and downstream echo each other, making the situation in the whole southern region complete. In addition, the Yangtze River itself has also played a natural barrier against the impact of northern fighters. There are a series of military, military, heavy and town points along the Yangtze River in the south. There were two Yidu in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River in ancient times, one was quarrying and the other was scraping boats, which were located in the upper and lower reaches of Jiankang (now Nanjing) respectively. Jiankang also strengthened the defense of two ferries. On the south bank of these two ferries are Jingkou (now Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province) and Quarry, while on the north bank are Guangling (now Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province) and Liyang (now Hexian County, Anhui Province), all of which are important towns. On the other hand, the Huaihe River and the Yangtze River act as a double barrier. Governing the Huaihe River has two strategic meanings: defense, defense and initiative, movement, advance and attack. People who have protected Jiangnan in past dynasties have a deep understanding of this lip-tooth relationship between the Huaihe River and the Yangtze River, and the argument that "the Yangtze River must be guarded first" can also be seen everywhere. In the south, there are a series of important towns along the Huaihe River, mainly to hold the confluence of Huaihe River tributaries and Huaihe River. In Huaixi, mainly Li Zhong (now Fengyang, Anhui) and Shouchun (now Shouxian, Anhui), in Huaidong, mainly Yang Shan (now Huai 'an, Jiangsu) and Xuyi. Shouchun is facing Yingkou (the intersection of He Ying River and Huaihe River) to stop the enemy from attacking in the upper reaches of He Ying River or Huaihe River; Eric faces the vortex mouth (the intersection of the Vortex River and the Huaihe River), blocking the torrent of the Vortex River. The main tributary of the lower reaches of the Huaihe River is Surabaya, which flowed out of southern Shandong in ancient times and joined the Huaihe River near Huai 'an. Huaisishui Road has been the main route of north-south water transport since ancient times, and Yang Shan and Xu Yi control the route of Surabaya. In the direction of Surabaya, if you take a more positive attitude, you can also run north to Pengcheng (now Xuzhou). With the rise and fall of the North-South forces, their offensive and defensive trends have also changed. When the south is strong, it can walk out of Huaibei and forge ahead in the Central Plains. When the south is weak, it often retreats to the Yangtze River; When the north and the south are evenly matched, the Huaihe River is often the front line of confrontation.
Huanghuai Plain is the main battlefield for communication between North and South. There are obvious seasonal changes in this area, including the vast Yuan Ye and criss-crossing rivers and waterways. In autumn and winter, the land is solid and clean, and the vast Yuan Ye is suitable for the north, which is conducive to the north to play its cavalry field expertise; The river rises in spring and summer, which is beneficial for the south to give full play to its specialties of water, war, defense, city and war. Therefore, both sides have their own advantages and disadvantages in terms of time and place, and it is easy to fall into a tug-of-war.
At that time, the geographical advantage of the south was only the Jianghuai defense line. And guarding the river is nothing more than guarding the Huaihe River, and guarding the river must first guard the Huaihe River. Once the potential and power in the north break through the Huaihe River, defense lines and defense lines, the south can only rely on, rely on, grow, defend and defend the river. However, it is impossible to dispose of, guard and defend the banks of the Yangtze River. That is to say, long rivers, defenses and lines must rely on the Huaihe River, defenses and lines. Once the Huaihe River and the Jiangfang River fall, the Yangtze River will also fall. For the north, east, potential and strength, it is not difficult to break through the Huaihe River, defense and defense lines. Moreover, in the Huaihe River Plain, it is more suitable to give play to the advantages of the north, east, riding and soldiers.
Moreover, the power of the migrating government itself is the product of being forced, hostile, forced, forced, moved and relocated, so it is inevitably extreme and not enterprising. Historically, based on the politics and power in the southeast, most of them used the slogan of northern expedition and recovering the central plains, but few of them succeeded in the real northern expedition. Most regimes dominated by the southeast can unify half of the country in the south of the Yangtze River, forming a situation of confrontation between the north and the south, but few can unify their families, which is related to the characteristics of Qiao's transfer of political power.
In the Song Dynasty, Hu Anguo said, "Jiankang takes Sanwu as the east gate, Shu Jing as the west gate, Qi Min and Erguang as the south government." To ensure the security of the south, the east, south, defense, imperial power, grid and bureau must not be ignored. East, south, defense, imperial, grid and bureau are mainly Jianghuai defense lines. But we must not forget the vast southwest and central and southern regions. If the south, the east, the government and power are to be stable, they must rely on the whole southern region. We should not only use the resources of Fujian and Guangxi, but also pay attention to the prevention, defense, management and utilization of Shu Jing. There is the Great Three Pass Line in Qinling Mountains in the west, Shudi in the southwest, and Xiangfan defense line in Hubei. Therefore, in the south, north, right, straight and hour, the whole defense line includes Qinling, Sichuan, Xiangfan, Jianghuai and other defense lines. These lines of defense are indispensable. Only by ensuring the security of the four defenses and four lines can we ensure the security of the south, east, government and power. This is also the reason why the Southern Song Dynasty was peaceful for so long and finally died at the hands of Mongolia and the ancients. Because although the Southern Song Dynasty settled in the southeast, the southwest and south-central regions still existed. With this line of defense and defense, we can have logging in the north in the early Southern Song Dynasty. However, after the three passes were defeated, the whole south, the south, the defense, the defense line, repeatedly attacked, attacked and attacked. Later, Mongolia, ancient times, western regions, Xia, Guanzhong, Shu and Xiaxiangfan. Only by attacking the southeast from the west did the Southern Song Dynasty perish.
Generally speaking, the south has two lines of defense and power, and the east has politics and power. Great defense means that the whole southern region is regarded as a defense zone as mentioned above. Small defense means using the water, net, density, cloth, point, pull, control, enemy and people in the southeast region. Nanjing, for example, takes advantage of the favorable surrounding terrain. There is the Yangtze River in the north, Anhui in the west, Zijinshan and Niushou Mountain in the east. However, relying on small defenses can only guide and control the enemy and people in a short time, but not for a long time. If we want long-term security, we should focus on the whole southern region and implement great defensive, imperial, political and strategic measures.
The reunification of North and South depends not only on economic and geographical conditions. The key lies in people's heart, politics, power, internal construction and establishment. If politics, governance, honesty, openness and people live in harmony, then no obstacle is an obstacle. Throughout history, the reunification of North and South meets the above conditions.