According to Du Wenxiu's personal data, his name is White Elephant, and his name is Huan Yun, also known as Yang Xiu. Daoguang was born in a family named Yang in Baoshan County, Yongchang, Yunnan for three years. 10 years old was adopted to menstruate, and her surname was changed to Du, and her name was changed to Du Wenxiu. I have been eager to learn since I was a child. 13 years old familiar with Confucian classics, 17 years old scholar. Sixteen-year-old handyman Daoguang, as a representative who came to Beijing for fifteen years to control the Baoshan tragedy, was not treated fairly. In the sixth year of Xianfeng, the reunion killings led to Du Wenxiu appearing in Hua Meng. In June 5438+10, he was elected as the supreme leader and established a revolutionary regime in Dali.

According to Du Wenxiu's profile, he spent 10 years fighting the Qing Dynasty. And put forward loud slogans such as "the revolution is full of Qing Dynasty". In June 5438+10, 200,000 troops were organized to attack Kunming and occupy dozens of cities. After the collapse of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, the Qing army deployed superior forces to attack, which led to the failure of Du Wenxiu's crusade. In the eleventh year of Tongzhi, the Qing army besieged Dali. In order to avoid the fate of the people being slaughtered, Du Wenxiu took poison and was escorted to the Qing camp, where he died heroically.

Du Wenxiu, a general of ethnic minorities in China, was the leader of the Hui uprising in Yunnan during Xianfeng and Tongzhi periods of Qing Dynasty. From Du Wenxiu's brief introduction, we can clearly know that he was a revolutionary who defended the reunification of the motherland and opposed the foreign aggression and oppression of the rulers of the Qing Dynasty. He has a broad mind and is an outstanding figure who deeply understands the righteousness. He is also an outstanding peasant uprising leader. He not only showed outstanding talents in politics and military affairs, but also showed an unprecedented broad mind in dealing with ethnic relations and religious issues. To this day, he is still respected by Hui, Han and Bai nationalities in Yunnan.

Is Du Wenxiu guilty of treason?

Whether Du Wenxiu committed treason has been debated by historians for half a century.

Du Wenxiu's diplomacy has been hotly debated from 1995 to 1976, and people's views on him have changed many times. At first, Du Xiuwen was regarded as a traitor. Later, after further investigation, people realized that Du Wenxiu had no intention or action to establish an "independent country". Moreover, Du Wenxiu's achievements in the anti-Qing struggle are primary, while his faults are secondary. From 1979 to 2000, we will further discuss whether Du Wenxiu commits treason. 1980, Luo Ergang, an expert on the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, published the paradox of treason in Du Wenxiu, with the following views: the so-called Muslim country in Dali was fabricated by foreign invaders; The so-called Dali envoy is Liu Daoheng's scam.

198 1 year, Tian Rukang of Yunnan collected foreign language materials and made a detailed textual research on Liu Daoheng, the ambassador to Britain. This paper uses more than 0/00 foreign documents/kloc-,which is rich in historical materials, rigorous in argument wording and unique in opinions, and can be regarded as a model of Yunnan's modern history works. Lin Quan, a scholar of Han nationality in Yunnan, confirmed in his recent study of the Du Wenxiu Uprising that Du Wenxiu's historical responsibility should be thoroughly clarified because Liu Daoheng forged Du Wenxiu's court watch and imposed related activities on Du Wenxiu. Whether Du Wenxiu committed treason or not, through the continuous efforts of historians, proved that Du Wenxiu was an outstanding rebel leader. He not only showed extraordinary talents in politics and military affairs, but also showed a broad mind in dealing with ethnic and religious issues. He didn't betray his country.

Du Wenxiu's Tomb

19 17, Du Wenxiu's son-in-law repaired the tomb in Dui Village, Qiliqiao Township, Dali City. 1872, Du Wenxiu was trapped in the city during the uprising. In order to avoid the massacre of the people in the city, Du Wenxiu committed suicide by taking poison at the age of 49. Du Wenxiu's tomb is very unique, with a square front and a rectangular side, with a length of 1.7 meters. Above the tomb is a stone-topped tomb cover, and on both sides of the cemetery are marble. 1956, the local government department of Dali County rebuilt Du Wenxiu's tomb and replaced the tombstone. In the middle of the tombstone, there are five characters of Du Wenxiu's tomb, and there are two lines of small characters beside the tomb: Originally born in the eighth day of October in Daoguang period.

Du Wenxiu's Tomb was changed from 1984 to 1985. This time, the original tomb was covered by a huge granite tomb, and the tomb was covered with three Hui tombs built with bluestone. The reconstructed tomb is 5.7 meters high. The tombstone reads "Du Wenxiu's Tomb, the President's Military Forces and Horses", with a palindrome tablet at the end of the tomb and an inscription on Bai Shouyi's preface and reconstruction in front of the tomb. The south, east and west sides are the main entrance and the fence, covering an area of 1400 square meters, which is very magnificent.

1983 1 Du Xiuwen's tomb was announced by the Yunnan Provincial People's Government as the second batch of provincial key cultural relics protection units. As the material carrier of history and culture, Du Xiuwen's tomb is the first-hand material for studying history and culture, and also an important reference and source for scientific and technological innovation and literary creation. Du Wenxiu Tomb can promote the development of national tourism culture and play an important role in cultural exchanges at home and abroad.

Du Wenxiu shuaifu

Du Wenxiu Shuaifu is located in the main street of South Gate of Dali Ancient City, Dali City, with beautiful scenery around it. 1856 In August, Du Wenxiu rebels stormed all the way and finally captured the ancient city of Dali. Du Wenxiu rebels jointly elected Du Wenxiu as the military leader and established Dali regime. The prefect mansion set up by the Qing government was changed to Du Wenxiu Shuai mansion.

There are two courtyards in Shuaifu, Du Wenxiu, which are Wumen, Tian Zi Terrace, Pianting Hall and North-South Greenhouse. It is a large building community, with houses such as parliament hall, military department, living room, study room, guard room and storage room. A new earth city called the Forbidden City is built around it.

After the failure of the Du Wenxiu Uprising, the Qing Dynasty governors in this area carried out a series of repairs to Shuaifu, which led to the demolition of most Shuaifu in Du Wenxiu, but the Shuaifu gate and the Forbidden City in Du Wenxiu were not completely demolished. Guangxu was rebuilt in ten years and changed to Yunnan Province. During the Republic of China, he successively served as the divisional headquarters of Tengzong District, Chuzong District and West Yunnan. Du Wenxiu Shuaifu has been built, demolished and rebuilt many times, and has experienced many storms. Up to now, the gate of Shuaifu in Du Wenxiu, half of the Forbidden City wall, the gate of the inner hall of Shuaifu, the White Tiger Hall and the wings on both sides are still preserved, and the architectural style and historical traces of Du Wenxiu are preserved. 1988, Shuaifu Du Wenxiu was renovated and transformed into Dali Museum, which mainly displayed ancient utensils unearthed in the area and excellent works of art from past dynasties. Shuaifu, Du Wenxiu, 1993 was rated as a cultural relic protection unit in Yunnan Province, and now visitors can still see its majesty.