○? Figure "Yellow River" JN 150
An era lacking light and weight.
In the early 1950s, China was in the period of economic recovery, and it was urgent to improve the comprehensive strength of China by developing economic construction.
However, to speed up economic construction, it is inseparable from the transportation capacity of automobiles. But in the late 1940s and early 1950s, bicycles and some buses or trams were widely used in China.
○? Domestic traffic environment in the early 1950s.
As for a few jeeps and cars, they are all imported from foreign countries, and there is no capacity to produce cars at home, let alone trucks that can help economic construction and transportation.
China, which had no truck production capacity, relied on the Soviet Union to import several trucks, among which the Gith -5, which first appeared on the road in China, was introduced from the Soviet Union to Stalin Automobile Factory 1937, and was mainly used to transport arms at that time.
○? Tumiaokis -5
Later, in 1950, the gas 5 1 from Gorky Automobile Factory was introduced from the Soviet Union, and this gas 5 1 was later introduced to Poland and North Korea for production.
○? Tugonggas51
Finally, the Skoda 706 truck in Czech Republic was 1958 imported through the Soviet Union. This truck may be familiar to everyone because it is the prototype of the Yellow River JN 150.
The first two models are not suitable for heavy industry transportation because of their power and design, so this Skoda has become the only truck most suitable for heavy industry transportation in China.
○? Tuqi Skoda 706
Card friends will definitely ask why Czech trucks were imported through the Soviet Union, because Germany surrendered at that time and the Czech Republic was incorporated into its territory by the Soviet Union. So China can introduce this car, which is also the credit of the Soviet Union.
○? Tuqi Skoda 706
However, it is almost impossible to solve the shortage of trucks in China by importing trucks.
First, at that time, the domestic economy was backward, and it was almost impossible to introduce trucks from abroad with a lot of money.
Second, the world pattern was changing every day. If you want to introduce foreign cars, you should also consider traffic and war situation. Therefore, only by self-sufficiency can we strengthen our own strength and be free from external influences.
After determining the direction, we will start to do it. At that time, almost all parts of the country actively responded to the call, and all parts were learning to produce cars and trucks.
○? The first truck of Jiefang brand-Tu.
As a result, with the efforts of autobots, some cars and trucks appeared in China, such as 1956 Jiefang Truck independently developed by China, and 1958 Hongqi Car, all of which were produced with the strong support of the country at that time. The "Yellow River" is an example.
○? Tu3 Jiefang Hongqi Car
The Birth of the Yellow River JN 150
When it comes to "Yellow River" JN 150, we can't help but mention its designer-Boogie.
○? Prince Tu drives the Yellow River JN 150.
1958, Nanjing Automobile Factory produced "Yuejin" light truck. Because the Planning Bureau at that time did not think that Jinan Automobile Factory had the production capacity, the Planning Bureau did not intend to hand over the 8-ton car project to Jinan Automobile Factory for production.
Not content to produce only spare parts, Jinan Automobile Factory, under the leadership of Wang Zikai, began to manufacture its own 8-ton heavy trucks that were not produced in China at that time.
Because Skoda 706 was the only truck suitable for prototype production in China at that time, Liu Dehui, then director of Jinan Automobile Factory, immediately asked the Ministry of Communications for two Skoda 706 trucks as prototypes for anatomical research and production.
○? Imagine the production line of the automobile factory at that time.
After arriving at the car, Wang Zihao immediately organized a group of technicians to study and draw.
Jinan Automobile Factory has gone through a lot of hardships to produce this "Yellow River".
Because the production conditions of Jinan Automobile Factory were too poor at that time, there were various problems in the production of this car. Basically, the whole car was knocked out by workers with hammers, but it also perfectly reflected the craftsmanship of autobots at that time.
Take forging capacity as an example. At that time, Jinan automobile factory could not forge large forgings in large quantities, so it had to buy double forging machines eliminated by others to produce them. However, the double forging machine can't finish the long front cross beam, so it has to forge one side and the other side. Even the axle housing, wheel hub and other parts are made of small electric furnaces.
○? Figure "Yellow River" JN 150
In machining, the steering shaft on the front beam of a truck cannot be automatically righted when turning. In the absence of funds and professional equipment, Wang Zihao chose to combine two drilling rigs into a combined drilling and milling machine, so that the products can be symmetrical when machining both ends at the same time, and the angle problem of the steering shaft is completed.
○? Figure "Yellow River" JN 150
Even on heavy-duty vehicles, the most common wheel hub, Jinan Automobile Factory, can only use I-beams as wheels for loading.
After experiencing various difficulties, the standard "Yellow River" JN 150 was finally manufactured in 1962, and then the Yellow River car was included in the national plan and mass production began.
As far as my brother knows, the situation in those days was quite special. Because it was a planned economy at that time, any production plan should be reported. Only through, can we get the means of production for production.
○? Tuqi Skoda 706
Wang Zikai, together with the cadres, engineers and technicians and old workers in the factory, designed and manufactured 8 tons of heavy-duty yellow river vehicles, which filled the gap in the production of heavy-duty vehicles in China and made contributions to national defense and economic construction.
"Yellow River" 4X2 8-ton truck is equipped with 6 135 high-power diesel engine with a maximum power of 2 10 horsepower. In one fell swoop, it established its position in the field of trucks and became the first heavy truck in China.
The appearance of this car also saved the Jinan Automobile Factory at that time. Perhaps without this car, there would be no heavy truck now.
Write it at the end
○? Photo "Yellow River" JN 150 version fire truck
"Yellow River" JN 150 truck can be said to be the most common commercial truck in the domestic truck market at that time, which played a powerful role in the construction of all parts of the country and made great contributions to the construction of new China.
○? Photo "Yellow River" JN 150 crane truck
The Yellow River JN 150 has demonstrated its strength in various fields. Whether it is a fire truck of the fire brigade or a crane on the construction site, it can be competent.
○? Photo "Yellow River" JN 150 crane truck
China's automobile industry has gone through more than half a century, and it has been 58 years since the production of JN 150 of the Yellow River, and it has already withdrawn from the stage of the truck market.
○? "Yellow River" in Tugan Museum JN 150
However, the National Heavy Truck Museum still retains it, because it represents the efforts and struggles of that generation. It is not only the first heavy truck in China, but also the starting point of the truck market in China.
This article comes from car home, the author of the car manufacturer, and does not represent car home's position.