What is prose poetry?
A modern lyric literary genre with the characteristics of both poetry and prose. It combines some characteristics of expressive poetry and descriptive prose. It belongs to poetry in essence, with poetic emotion and fantasy, giving readers aesthetic feeling and imagination, and retaining poetic prose details in content; There is prose in form, unlike poetry, which rhymes in different cases, but there is no lack of internal phonological beauty and sense of rhythm. Prose poems generally express the author's small feelings on the basis of social and life background, and pay attention to describing the fluctuations and fragments of thoughts and feelings caused by objective life. These characteristics determine the richness of its theme and the brevity and flexibility of its form.
The development of prose poetry
Prose poetry is a modern style developed by China in the 20th century, which adapts to the psychological characteristics of people in modern and contemporary society, such as sensitivity, thoughtfulness, complexity and meticulousness.
On display. Although 1000 years ago there were similar prose poems in China, and many European writers wrote poetry and prose in 16 and 17 centuries, 19 century later became popular as an independent literary style. The first person who formally used the term "small prose poem" and the French poet Baudelaire deliberately adopted this genre. He believes that prose poetry is "enough to adapt to the lyrical soup of the soul, the fluctuation of dreams and the shock of consciousness", which is an exotic literary variety in China's new literature. The classical Chinese translation of Turgenev's prose poems (listed in the column of "Fiction" at that time and translated by Liu Bannong) published in No.7 19 15, Volume 2 of China Fiction Circle is the earliest translation of foreign prose poems in China. 19 18 New Youth magazine published a translation of Liu Bannong's Indian work "I Walk in the Snow". At the end of the article, a caption pointed out that it was a well-structured prose poem. The name "Prose Poetry" began to appear in newspapers and periodicals in China. On the nature and characteristics of this style, Literature Xunkan once made a theoretical discussion in 1922, and Xidi (Zheng Zhenduo), Wang Pingling and others all expressed their own opinions.
Characteristics of Prose Poetry
Prose poetry is a new style that poetry and literature penetrate and cross each other. There is no doubt that prose poetry is a variety of "grafting" of prose and poetry. Prose poetry has the amphibious characteristics of poetry and prose. Prose poetry not only absorbs the function of poetry to express subjective mind and emotion, but also absorbs the function of prose to express things freely and casually, so that they are integrated and form their own uniqueness. It can be said that it is difficult to create prose poems if you are not familiar with poetry and prose. But is prose poetry a new style, or is it "prose poetry" and "poetic prose" as some people say? The key depends on whether prose poetry has unique artistic characteristics, or what are the artistic characteristics that distinguish prose poetry from poetry and lyric prose. Prose poetry is a literary form to express thoughts or subjective feelings. Prose poetry has its own unique way of looking at life, that is, expressing the soul or emotion and its fluctuation in a relatively free form. Generally speaking, prose poetry is a style to express personal thoughts or subjective feelings. Baudelaire is one of the original creators of prose poetry. He once said: "When our human ambitions grow, who hasn't dreamed of the mystery of prose poetry-the harmony in the rhythm without rhythm, the ups and downs of thoughtful and incisive words, enough to cope with the ups and downs of mood, the ups and downs of thoughts and the changes in the perception of the soul." . He also said: the form of prose poetry "is enough to adapt to the lyrical turmoil of the soul, the fluctuation of dreams and the shock of consciousness." Turbulence, ups and downs and shock are the main artistic features of prose poetry.
Differences between Prose Poetry and Poetry and Prose
The difference between prose poetry and poetry, as well as prose (especially lyric prose). For example, differences in structure, style and rhythm. (1) The difference between prose poetry and lyric poetry. Because lyric poetry should pay attention to the neatness of sentence patterns or general neatness and musical rhythm, even free-form lyric poetry cannot but be restricted in expressing the mind or emotion. It is in order to break through the limitations and write the true state of mind more freely that prose poetry was born. The difference between prose poetry and poetry is that prose poetry often uses the means of description and discussion. Compared with poetry, prose poetry has no rhythm, rhythm, syllables, lines and arrangement, that is, it has no fetters of external forms of poetry. Prose poetry has at least the following forms: prose form, prose poetry staggered form, that is, the whole paragraph of the word "San" and a single sentence (poem) staggered. This is a free form that lyric poetry can't have. (2) Prose poetry and lyric prose are both lyrical, but the unique artistic feature of prose poetry is its "turbulence, fluctuation and shock". It is not difficult to distinguish prose poetry from lyric prose by acknowledging that prose poetry is a style to express the mind or emotion and its fluctuation. Lyric prose is always inseparable from documentary, not to mention those narrative essays that mainly describe real people and things. Prose poems hardly record real people and real things. Even what we call documentary prose poetry is actually an inner impression of real life, but this impression is rarely "deformed"-it rarely reflects real life in an imaginary way. Structurally, some people say that poetry expresses life with "lines", prose reflects life with "faces" and prose poetry reflects life with "points". Prose often has the length of time and space and clues; Prose poetry needs no clues, and its length is short. It is often radiated by the author's emotional ignition point, while the internal emotions form interlocking emotional shock waves, which impulse the reader's heartstrings and enter the realm of poetry. Stylistically, the language of prose poetry is lyrical and imaginative, while the language of prose is narrative and realistic. The language of prose poetry has incomparable flexibility, richness and uncertainty, and its emotional content and aesthetic content are relatively large. Prose is a kind of writing, the language requires conciseness and freedom, but also eloquence, which makes the author's feelings clear, lyrical and more closely related. Prose poetry is poetry, and language needs concentration and jumping. Generally, images are connected by jumping, and the relationship between sentences, especially paragraphs, is often like a broken relationship, leaving readers with more blank beauty to imagine. Therefore, prose poetry is neither prose poetry nor poetic prose, but a style with integrity, particularity and independence.
On the Structure of Prose Poetry
The basic ways of prose poetry structure can be divided into four categories: documentary (direct expression), imagination, philosophy and symbol. 1, documentary (direct expression), that is, "meaning is like a table", is relatively exposed. Such as lyrical scenery, lyrical narrative and so on. In other words, the mind feels that the external world is basically primitive, and what is projected on the mind rarely changes. This method is usually used in prose poems that express their feelings directly. 2. Imagination means that when the author of prose poems feels the outside world, he often imagines, from this imagination to that imagination, from concreteness to abstraction. For example, when I write the sunset glow, I think of the rose garden, and then I think of people's twilight years. 3. The difference between expressing a certain philosophy and other prose poems is that it has rational direct and indirect intervention and is characterized by new philosophical discovery and expression. Writing is to express some philosophy. 4. Symbolism implies poetry through the disjointed coincidence of objects and ideas in a symbol. For example, Mao Dun's Praise of Poplar, Gorky's Haiyan and so on. Liu Bannong, Xu Yunuo, Xu Dishan, Jiao Juyin and Xu Zhimo of Crescent Poetry Society published prose poems during the May 4th Movement. The prose poems of Lu Xun, Guo Moruo, Mao Dun, Zhu Ziqing, Bing Xin, Guo Feng, Michelle and other writers have considerable influence in China's new literature, among which Lu Xun's prose poetry collection Weeds has the highest ideological and artistic achievements and the greatest influence. The Sea Rock written by Gorky, a former Soviet writer, is also a famous prose poem.
Writing skills of prose poems
Artistic conception of prose poetry
It is not difficult to write prose poems, but it is difficult to write prose poems well. The author of prose poetry should know how to write both poetry and prose. We should understand and master the characteristics of poetry and prose. Although the syllable, antithesis, meter and conciseness of poetry may not be thoroughly studied, the artistic conception, jumping rhythm and conciseness of poetry are all necessary for the form of prose poetry itself. In addition, we should be familiar with the lyricism and argumentative nature of prose, absorb these factors and characteristics from prose into prose poetry, and let the characteristics of prose and poetry naturally and organically integrate into prose poetry, which is the basic skill that must be possessed in writing prose poetry. Besides, there is no shortcut. In excellent prose poems, the artistic techniques are dignified and graceful, showing the beauty of femininity, and the text focuses on poetry; The artistic technique is lively, frank and masculine, and the writing is mainly prose; Because it is neither poetry nor prose, but a combination of poetry and prose, which is a new style. Secondly, it is the style of prose poetry. It can be roughly divided into: philosophical (fable) type, lyrical type and narrative type. Philosophical fables write prose poems in the form of fable dialogue, which is popular and vivid. Fables are profound in metaphor and strong in thought, which can prevent emptiness. Lyric writing has many forms, expressing the author's thoughts and feelings through a scene, a point or a fragment of the side of an object. The difference from lyric prose lies in its jumping and fragmentation, which is an independent point and fragment. Because it is a lyric prose poem, its emotion, artistic conception, artistic conception, imagination and illusion are all subjective, and the whole body is subtle and implicit. The more lyrical prose poems with the writer's unique personality, the more profound and sincere their feelings are. If this kind of prose poetry can't solve the problem of combining with the times and real life, firstly, it looks pale and empty because of insufficient emotion, or the theme is not clear and has no positive significance; Second, prose poetry is incomprehensible, or it hides its own emotions, or it writes something that is inexplicable and unclear, and it is also consciously "hazy". We say that the metaphor, implication and vagueness of art should be expressed through emotional images, which is an artistic skill and has nothing to do with those things that cannot be understood or explained clearly. Narrative prose poems put the narrative scenery and people in the first place, and objectively express their feelings by describing the plots of certain scenes and fragments. It is characterized by clarity, roughness and close combination with reality. Life is full of flavor. Beginner writers start with narrative style, express their feelings on this basis, and then rise to a certain philosophy. First, this kind of prose poetry should prevent the scene description from floating on the surface and not digging deep; Second, we should prevent it from being practical. The above three styles sometimes alternate with each other, and it is also common for philosophy, lyricism and narrative to be integrated. Third, talk about the theme of prose poetry. The theme is the soul and commander of the work, and the ideological nature of prose poetry can not be ignored. Some people and even famous artists have said that prose poetry can't reflect the big theme, which is a misunderstanding. If prose poems are short and pithy, and play the role of "knickknacks in life", then prose poems will enter a narrow dead end and have no strong vitality. That was not the case. In recent years, the creators of prose poems have made successful practices and breakthroughs in form and content, and outstanding prose poems reflecting major and profound themes have emerged one after another. The revolution of prose poetry will certainly promote the leap of prose poetry. In addition, we can write some prose poems with small capacity, and we can also "see the big from the small" to reflect bigger and more content. The problem is that we are required to be good at selecting materials. Choose a side of the theme, and take a point on the side of the theme, which is the most typical and essential side and point, that is to say, use the smallest and most essential part of the theme to reflect all the connotations of the theme. This is the superiority of short prose poetry, and the author of prose poetry must follow this law of creation. Prose poetry should vividly and accurately reflect the theme of the work through scenes (images) and things. It is not art to oppose formulaic, slogan-like, rigid theme writing and rigid preaching in works. Excellent prose poetry is the unity of artistry and ideology. A famous poet of prose poetry once said: the author of prose poetry is a blaster, who consumes the least and the best explosives and erupts the greatest heat energy. To do this, we can only feel and dig deep theme ideas from life and choose the best typical theme. Fourth, talk about the structure of prose poetry. The structure of prose poetry is the most rigorous, with scattered form and concentrated spirit. The theme is the selected typical side or segment. One or two (or more) selected typical sides and fragments can be organized together to accurately express the author's theme and form a complete prose poem. Taboos drag their feet, taboos appear meaningless pictures, and taboos contain redundant waste pens. The structural feature of prose poetry is jumping, and poetic jumping is an inevitable requirement for expanding its capacity. To jump from one association to another, we must quickly switch from one scene to another. Images flicker and overlap, and the connection points are the same. Can't speak from beginning to end, can't be dull, empty, and have nothing to say. The structural beauty of prose poetry is from fragment to fragment, the ingenious connection of one or two (even more) points, the beauty of jumping and stopping, and the blank beauty that gives readers unlimited imagination. In the structure of prose poetry, one fragment after another leaves a short gap in the reader's mood, which is also called pause. This is the unique blank beauty of prose poetry. Fifth, the language, thoughts and feelings of prose poetry. Prose poetry, like other literary styles, is also a language art with stricter requirements and higher standards. Mastering words, cultivating emotions and exploring themes are the basic literary qualities of prose writers. What is the language of prose poetry? How to seek the unity of form and content of prose poetry? The exploration and research in this aspect will inevitably have a negative effect on the materials, thoughts and feelings reflected in prose poems. The author's thoughts and feelings are the key to the success or failure of a prose poem. Deciding what materials to use, what to write, from what angle and how to write prose poems should be dominated by the author's thoughts and feelings, especially prose poems should reflect things through the author's strong thoughts and feelings. How to cultivate thoughts and feelings is a fundamental problem in how to write prose poems well. Only by discovering new and beautiful things from complex and ordinary life and gaining keen eyes, unique insights and profound emotions can we be handy in the brewing of theme ideas, artistic expression techniques and the use of words and characters.
Appreciation of prose poems
"Snake" Feng Zhi My loneliness is a snake, quietly without words. If you dream about it, don't be afraid! She is my faithful companion and has a warm homesickness in her heart. It misses the lush grassland, the thick black silk on your head, and it is like a shadow in the moonlight from your side, walk on by. It brings you dreams like a crimson flower "paper boat" Bing Xin. I never abandoned a piece of paper, but kept it all the time-folded it into a boat and threw it into the sea from the boat. Some were blown into the window of the ship by the wind, and some were wet by the waves and stuck to the bow. I still don't give up and fold every day. I always hope that a place can only flow where I want it to go. Mom, if you see a white boat in your dream, don't be surprised that it dreams for no reason. This is your beloved daughter with tears in her eyes. Wanshui Qian Shan, please bring her love and sorrow home. There are many prose poems in junior high school textbooks now. For example, the prose poems of Ji Bolun, Lu Xun and Ba Jin are simply a style between poetry and prose. Attachment: Prose poetry is a style between prose and poetry. Poetry prose, poetry in prose, in the final analysis, is short and pithy, with internal rhythm, delicate writing and philosophical thinking. Prose poetry is an independent style and a member of the category of poetry. 1. Poetry: verse; Emphasize the basic stipulation of sentence relationship; Generally speaking, space is limited. 2. Prose: no verse; Don't pay attention to sentence relationship (the so-called one-line loose sentence is). Generally speaking, space is less limited than poetry. 3. Prose poetry: rhyme or dispersion; Sentences are usually short; Text length is usually short. I think this is the difference in form. In addition, there are differences in subject matter, writing style and so on. It's easy to understand. Is prose poetry prose or poetry? Some people say it's poetry; Some people say it is prose. Of course, what matters is not the structure of the article, but the writing and expression of the article itself. Although it has the characteristics of prose writing, its essence still needs to express emotions with poetic language and thinking. Like a frog, land can broaden your horizons, but you can't live without water all your life. Poetry is like the water of prose poetry. Prose poetry is more incisive, poetic, shorter in length, more beautiful in language and more profound in artistic conception than prose. Compared with poetry, "expression is more free, thinking is more lively, association is more abundant, stretching is more free, and emotion is more harmonious". Therefore, prose poetry has got rid of the shackles of meter. It is an organic combination of free and flexible prose form and exquisite and beautiful poetry content, which is more important than the freedom of prose in form and longer than the lyric expression of poetry in content. It can be said that it is concise prose and free poetry. Soviet essayist Plech said: "I used my own poems to enter prose!" It can be said that it summarizes the characteristics of prose poetry! If the sea is poetry and the beach is prose, then shells should be prose poems; If the sun is poetry and the moon is prose, then the stars should be prose poems. In the two spaces of prose and poetry, the connecting function of prose poetry is irreplaceable, and it is a quiet path to connect the two major literary forms. In recent years, prose poetry has been loved by more people because this road has been broadened, and at the same time, it seeks the unique freedom and lyricism of prose poetry in the exploration of prose and poetry. Judging from the development trend and law of literature, the distinction between styles will become more and more detailed, and the incompatibility of various styles will give room for the development of prose poetry. Prose poetry is worldwide and very popular. Although the development of China's prose poems is only a few decades, the writing art of "Fu" in China's traditional literature has been fully developed and inherited, so China's prose poems still have their own creative characteristics and national spirit. Prose poetry is a new independent and beautiful literary genre suitable for the development and practice of China culture. Judging from the development of poetry, the process from the appearance of strict metrical style to free verse is accompanied by traces of prose poetry. Prose poetry is the further liberation of free poetry, without which it is impossible to develop prose poetry. Judging from the development trend of prose, it gradually diverges, forming various independent new styles, argumentative prose and evolving into essays; Narrative prose originates from reportage, and it is inevitable that lyric prose combines with traditional schools to produce prose poetry! Therefore, the emergence of prose poetry is the inevitable development of literature, which will get rid of the dependence on poetry or prose. This is a new green soil, where there are seeds of humanistic spirit, beautiful natural scenery and fresh air. Understanding prose poetry is easier and more obvious than understanding poetry, and it is also more artistic than prose. For those who write prose poetry, there is another advantage to understand the blood relationship between prose poetry and prose and poetry. That is, you can consciously pay attention to absorbing nutrition from these two aspects. If you want to write prose poems well, you should pay attention to the writing characteristics of prose, master the expressive skills of poetry skillfully, and pay attention to the connection between thinking and language. Similarly, it is difficult to write many prose poems without real feelings. Prose poetry is related to poetry because its content focuses on the perceptual process generally expressed by poetry. Of course, some people say that this phenomenon is "stylistic infringement" caused by writers, which is relatively new!