1, goodbye Meng Haoran on the way to Yangzhou Li Bai
Old friends frequently waved to me, bid farewell to the Yellow Crane Tower, and traveled to Yangzhou in this beautiful spring filled with catkins and flowers.
Sailing alone in the blue sky, I can see the Yangtze River flowing in the sky.
2. Xie Ting bid farewell to Xu Hun
After singing the farewell song, you untied another boat in the distance. There are green hills on both sides and red leaves on the mountains. The water is rushing eastward.
When dusk fell, I woke up, only to know that everyone had left. At this time, it began to rain again, and I was the only one who left the west wing.
3. Pipa Bai Hang Juyi
In the evening, I bid farewell to a guest on Xunyang River. Maple leaves and mature rushes rustle in autumn.
I, the host, have dismounted, my guest has boarded his boat, and we raise our cups, hoping to drink-but, alas, there is no music.
Although we drank a lot of wine, we were not happy. When we were leaving each other, the river mysteriously widened in the direction of the full moon.
4. Liu Yong Yulinling
Thinking of returning to the south this time, this journey is another road. Thousands of miles away, it is misty, and the night sky is a vast night fog.
(Xia Gan)
Emotional parting has existed since ancient times, and it is more comparable. It is also a cold autumn festival. Who knows where I am when I am awake tonight? Fear is just the edge, facing the sad morning wind and the setting sun of the waning moon. This is a long time, people who love each other are not together, and I even expect to be satisfied with the good weather and scenery in name only. Even if it is full of emotions, who can enjoy it together?
5. Send King Weil to Changling.
Zui Xiang is accompanied by orange pomelo, and the river wind draws rain into the boat to cool it.
Recalling that I am far away in Xiaoxiang, I can clearly hear the apes growing up in their dreams.
6. Write about Li Yi
Water lines are precious and thoughtful, and the ceremony of a thousand miles is a night off.
From then on, there is no good night, let him go down to the west wing in the bright moon.
7. Send Shen Zifu to Jiangdong to see Wang Wei.
The ferries of the Willow River are scattered, and the boatman shakes his oars and sails in.
Only lovesickness is like spring scenery, and Jiangnan Jiangbei will send you home.
8. Jiangling hopes for.
There are thousands of maple leaves, and the river bridge is covered with dusk sails.
Remember that your heart is like the Xihe River, which flows eastward day and night.
9. When Yuan Er was sent to Anxi Wang Wei.
The rain in the early morning moistened the dust of the land, the inn of the inn, the branches and leaves of the inn, and a new leaf
Sincerely advise friends to drink a glass of wine, and it is difficult to meet their loved ones when they go out to Yang Guan in the west.
10, not Dongda Gaoshi
Like a bird, she still flapped her wings and felt sorry for herself, leaving Beijing for more than ten years.
A gentleman is poor, who wants to meet today without paying for drinks?
1 1, bid farewell to Li Shutong.
Outside the pavilion, next to the ancient road,
The grass is blue
The evening breeze blows the willow flute,
The sunset is beyond the mountain.
The edge of the sky, the corner of the earth,
The bosom friend is half scattered;
A cloudy glass of wine makes you happy,
Don't go to Meng Han tonight.
Outside the pavilion, next to the ancient road,
The grass is blue
The evening breeze blows the willow flute,
The sunset is beyond the mountain.
12, Xie Gongting Li Bai
Where Xie Ting left, the scenery was always sad.
The guests scattered the blue sky and the bright moon, and the mountains were clear.
13, bid farewell to Zheng Gu with friends in Huaishang.
The leaders of the Yangtze River and everyone are worried about killing the people crossing the river.
Several bagpipes leave the pavilion late, you turn to Xiaoxiang and I turn to Qin.
14, send Du 14th to Meng Haoran in Jiangnan.
Jason Wu, as a hometown, is connected with water, so it is slim for you to go to Chunjiang.
At sunset, you can see the end of the world wherever you sail.
15 Farewell to the viceroy and go to Shu for his post.
Bo Wang
Across the wall of Sanqin, across a layer of fog, across a river.
We said goodbye sadly, and our two officials went in opposite directions.
However, as long as China keeps our friendship, heaven will remain our neighbor.
Why linger at the fork in the road, the child is stained with towels.
Precautions:
Du Shaofu: Wang Bo's friend, whose other name is unknown Shaofu County Commandant. Zhou Shu is called Shuchuan. The city gate refers to Chang 'an, the capital of Shaanxi Province. Sanqin: Shaanxi Guanzhong area, ancient Qin. After Qin was destroyed, Xiang Yu divided Qin into three countries: harmony, competition and flexion, which were called Sanqin. Wujin: Five major ferries of Minjiang River, namely Baihuajin.
Brief Analysis: This is a famous farewell poem by Wang Bo. It is very different from other farewell poems, full of sad feelings and enterprising spirit. The fifth and sixth sentences in the poem even sublimate friendship to a higher aesthetic realm. The whole poem is a typical work of five laws, with cadence, grandeur and rigor. This poem meets the requirements of the five laws from the perspective of leveling and rhyming, but it will reach the later standard in antithesis.
Author's Biography: (649-676), a native of Longmen, Jiangzhou (now Hejin, Shanxi), is as famous as Yang Jiong, Lu and Luo, and is known as the "four outstanding men in the early Tang Dynasty". They strive to get rid of Qi's style, expand the theme of poetry, and show positive and enterprising spirit and depression. Wang Zian's collection.
16, "Send Yuan Ershi Anxi"
Wang Wei
Weicheng is rainy and dusty, and the guest house is green and willow.
I advise you to drink more wine, there is no reason to go out to the west.
Note: The title of the poem is Song of the Acropolis.
Weicheng: Located in the northwest of Xi City, Shaanxi Province, Xianyang, the ancient city of Qin Dynasty.
Yu Chao: The rain in the morning.
Wu: Wetting.
Yangguan: In the southwest of Dunhuang, Gansu, it has been the main road to the northwest frontier since ancient times.
Brief analysis: This poem is simple in language and vivid in image, expressing everyone's feelings of parting. In the Tang Dynasty, three stories were compiled in Yangguan and passed down through the ages.
17, Hibiscus Inn broke up with Xinjian.
Wang Changling
It's freezing and rainy, and it's night in Wu, and Chushan is quiet.
Relatives and friends in Luoyang asked each other that there was a piece of ice in the jade pot.
Note: According to Tongzhi, "Furong Building is located in the northwest corner of Zhenjiang City" was built by Wang Gong, the secretariat of Jinrun Prefecture, so the address is now Zhenjiang City, Jiangsu Province. In the Qing Dynasty, the Furong Building was also built in Wang Changling's exiled Dilongbiao (now Qianyang County, Hunan Province). Bing Xin's sentence is as straight as Zhu Si's words in Bao Zhao's "Song of Bald Heads".
Brief analysis: this poem tells the story of "a piece of ice heart in the jade pot" throughout the ages, expressing a person's eternal childlike heart.
About the author:
Wang Changling (698-756), a native of Chang 'an, Jingzhao, was known as the "Master of Seven Wonders" for his poems. He can express his rich feelings with refined language and profound meaning. His frontier poems are famous, including Wang Changling's Poems.
18, a gift for Wang Lun.
Lipper
Li Bai was about to go by boat when he heard singing on the shore.
Peach Blossom Pond is deeper in thousands of feet than in Wang Lun.
19, Yellow Crane Tower bid farewell to Meng Haoran on the way to Yangzhou.
Lipper
The old friend said that the Yellow Crane Tower, [1] fireworks will go down to Yangzhou in March. [2]
Lonely sails are far away from the sky, [3] and only the Yangtze River flows in the sky. [4]
Note: Chi: Go, go. Guangling: Yangzhou. It means: send Meng Haoran to Guangling of Yellow Crane Tower.
[1] Old friend: Old friend, this refers to Meng Haoran.
The author said goodbye to his old friend at the Yellow Crane Tower.
[2] Fireworks: refers to gorgeous spring scenery. Below: Downstream.
In the spring of March, my old friend went to Yangzhou by boat.
[3] Solitary sail: A boat. Blue sky: A clear sky.
Do: no, it's gone.
The ship went farther and farther, and seemed to disappear into the clear sky from a distance.
[4] Wei: Cai. Horizon: the horizon.
Meaning: I only see the mighty Yangtze River water rolling towards the horizon.
Brief analysis: This farewell poem was written around the 20th year of Kaiyuan (732). The poet's description of scenery and feelings is extraordinary and admirable! The third and fourth sentences are not only about scenery, but also about feelings. The shadow of the solitary sail has disappeared, and only thoughts flow like the Yangtze River in in my heart forever.
20. A song of snow sent Tian Shuji Wu home.
Cen Can
The north wind rolled up the white grass and scattered them, and the snow in August crossed the Tatar sky.
Just like the strong wind in spring, it blows at night and blows open the petals of ten thousand pear trees. [ 1]
It enters the pearl shutters, it wets the silk curtains, a fur coat feels cold, and a cotton pad is thin.
The bow became stiff and almost impossible to pull out, and the metal of the armor condensed on people.
The unfathomable ice in the sand sea, gloomy clouds and Wan Li condensation.
But let's drink to the guest who came home from the camp and play the savage pipa, guitar and harp for him.
Until dusk, when the snow collapsed our tent, our frozen red flag could not fly in the wind.
We watched him walk eastward through the wheel tower door and enter the snowdrift on Tianding Road.
Then he disappeared around the corner, leaving only hoofprint.
Precautions:
[1] This sentence is a metaphor, and pear flower is a metaphor for snow.
Analysis: This is a farewell poem written by the author in the winter of the thirteenth year of Tianbao (754). The farewell in the camp was snowing heavily, which was a very special environment. The poet's strange metaphor, rich imagination and multi-level description of the real scene make people feel chilly and full of spring. It was sent to nowhere, but the scene of horseshoe prints on the snow was deeply engraved in the reader's heart.
About the author: Cen Can (7 15-770), a native of Nanyang (now Henan), is a Tianbao Jinshi. He followed Gao Xianzhi to Anxi, majestic, and then traveled between the North Court and Luntai. Historically, he died in Chengdu as an official. He is good at describing frontier scenery and war scenes. The momentum is heroic, the words are generous, and the language changes freely.
Section 4 Farewell Words of Song People
2 1, Yulinling [1]
Liu Yong
The pavilion was late and the shower began to rest. [2]
Nothing is in the mood, [3] nostalgia, [4] Lanzhou urging. [5]
Holding hands and staring at each other with tears in my eyes, I was speechless and choked up. [6]
Reading-going to a thousand miles of smoke, [7] sinking into the sky at dusk. [8]
Affection hurts parting since ancient times, and it is even more worthy of snubbing the autumn festival.
Where did you wake up tonight? Yang Liuan, the evening breeze and the waning moon.
These years, [9] should be a good time and a good scene in name only.
Even if there are thousands of customs offices in Qian Qian, who should I talk to? [ 10]
Note: [1] This song was originally from the Tang Dynasty. According to legend, when Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty fled An Lushan and entered Shu, it rained heavily and bells rang on the plank road. In memory of Yang Guifei, this song was adopted, and later Liu Yong used it as a song. Also known as "the bell is slow in the rain", eight sentences and one rhyme.
[2] Shower: Shower.
[3] Doumen Tent Drink: Set up a tent on the outskirts of Kyoto and hold a farewell dinner. No mood, listless.
[4] Nostalgia: "Fang Nostalgia" part.
[5] Blue Boat: According to Shuo Wen Jie Zi, Lu Ban once carved a magnolia tree into a boat, which was later regarded as the laudatory name of the boat.
I choked with sadness and couldn't speak.
[7] Go: Repeat, indicating the distance of the trip.
[8] Dusk: Clouds in the evening. Shen Shen: a profound representation. Chutian: Southern sky. In ancient times, the lower reaches of the Yangtze River belonged to the State of Chu, so it was called.
[9] Year: Year after year.
[10] style: love between men and women.
A brief analysis of Liu Yong's slow ci which is good at narration. This word shows the farewell scene of the long pavilion when the author left Beijing for the south. The first farewell film, from the rain break at dusk to the farewell of the capital, to the destruction of the Lanzhou ship, tearfully facing each other and holding hands to say goodbye, describes the farewell scene and the farewell modality of both sides in turn, just like a drama with a story. It shows a sad scene, which is different from the poems of Tang and Five Dynasties, and also shows the feelings of parting. In the Northern Song Dynasty, Liu Ci was not only sung, but even as far away as Xixia. "Where there is well water to drink, you can sing Liu Ci" (Xia Wu Yu). Liu ci is popular in the streets and lanes, which is not unrelated to its clear and smooth ci style.
Liu Yong's position in the history of Ci: Liu Ci's theme is not limited to the feelings of literati, but always sees the market atmosphere, which broadens the description content of Ci; Liu Yong made many attempts in the use of intonation (Song Dynasty 880, Liu 100), especially devoted to slow characters. He is good at using powerful rhyming words at the turning point of words, connecting the preceding with the following, becoming the hub of tone conversion, giving people the feeling of "latent gas turning inside" and "swaying". The whole work is comprehensive, enriching the formal system of words. Liu Ci is good at describing and sketching, and its language is fresh and natural, which has a great influence on the writing skills of later generations.
22. Walking on the Beach
Ouyang Xiu
The plum blossoms are waiting in the pavilion, the willows on the bridge are thin, and the grass is warm and swaying.
Sadness is getting farther and farther away, and the distance is like spring water.
Inch by inch, my heart is tender, my eyes are full of tears, and the height of the building is not close to the dangerous fence.
Spring mountains are everywhere, and pedestrians are even outside.
Note: Houguan, prospective building, smoke, fragrance, grass on the flat ground.
Brief analysis: the significance of Ouyang Xiu: a generation of Confucianism (poetry expresses ambition) is committed to hospitality (words express feelings) and has the power to create an atmosphere; European words become the heritage of Huajian words, which contributes to the improvement of words.
23, Chen Liangshui title
Send Zhang demao and Qing to master Lu.
I haven't seen Nanshi for a long time, saying that the North Mission is empty.
Hand on the spot, give it back to me after all.
Laughing at Ambassador China, like a river, still only flows eastward.
When I return to the dome, I will go to Water Street.
Yao's capital, Shun's land, Yu's fief,
There should be a half-disgraced minister.
Wan Li's gamey smell is so much, and the eternal spirit is there. When will it be there?
Why did Hu Yun ask? What day is among them.
Note: men are unreasonable and contemptuous. The northern group is empty, which means that there is no good horse, which means that there is no good talent. Just holding hands on the spot, you can still speak for yourself. Gaogao Street was the residence of Chang 'an ethnic minorities and foreign envoys in Han Dynasty. "The capital of Yao" means that the Central Plains is a sacred territory handed down from Yao Shunyu.
Note: This word was written in the 13th year of Xiaozong Xichun (1 186). This is a poem full of strong national pride and confidence to win. If you haven't seen Nanshijiu for a long time-if you haven't seen the Northern Expedition in the Southern Song Dynasty for a long time, don't think that there was no one in the Song Dynasty. Just two words on the spot-exaggerating De Mao's independence. He is an outstanding envoy. He smiled three words-encouraging Zhang Demao to keep the direction of the Yellow River flowing eastward and win glory for the country. And now he bows to the gold master, and sooner or later they will be destroyed by the Song Dynasty. Autumn Street-Chang 'an City where foreign envoys live. Chen Tang was beheaded and said, "Hangtouqiu Street is among barbarians."
About the author: (1143-1194), with the same name as Fu. He has a positive spirit of dealing with the world and has never been an official in his life. His view on writing is: generally speaking, if meaning and reason prevail, words will naturally be better. Therefore, it is not surprising to write big. The beauty and strangeness of nature lies in purity, intelligence and harmony. People who are not good at learning literature do not pursue things higher than reason and meaning.
24. Zhang Gan Yuan He Xinlang
Send Hu Bangheng to NSW.
Dream around Shenzhou Road, melancholy-the autumn wind draws corners, and the Forbidden City leaves the millet.
At its root, Kunlun is dominant, and nine foxes are turbulent.
God's will is never difficult to ask, but it is easy to say that you are sad when you are old.
More Nanpu, farewell.
The willow trees on the cool shore heat up the summer. More diarrhea river, the stars are thin and the moon is thin, and the clouds are slightly broken.
I know where to turn around and talk in bed.
If the goose doesn't come, the book becomes a book.
Cao Kener hates you. Xiubai listens to gold thread.
Note: To be built, the emperor's attendant, Xinzhou, is located in Xinxing County, Guangdong Province. China was called "Chixian Shenzhou" in ancient times, referring to the Central Plains. The horn is painted with color, so it is called painted horn. The bottom three sentences say: Why did the sky collapse, floods, thousands of villages and households, foxes and rabbits in groups in nine places, Kyushu land, which means everywhere. It's hard to complain, so it's like complaining Geng Sheikh, bright Tianhe, called Sheikh, called Xie Han, that is, Tianhe. Wan, the distant place where Hu Quan was demoted. In retrospect, it's hard to remember. Bai Juyi's poem "Zhao Zhang Ye Si": "Can you accompany me or sleep in bed without listening to the rain?" This refers to the meeting with Hu in the past. Goose can't come.
A brief analysis: The collection of poems and songs in the General Catalogue of Sikuquanshu praises: "Generous and sad, but after a hundred years, I still want to restrain it."
Author's Biography: Zhang (109 1- about 1 170), also known as Zhang, born in Fuzhou, whose real name is Zhongzong, is really a hermit in Luchuan. He is a pioneer of the Xin school. He is the author of Lu Chuan.
25. Xin Qiji's Magnolia Slow
At the dinner table, Zhang Zhonggu is handsome and far-reaching.
Hanzhong started his business in the Han Dynasty. Is this the right place?
We should point our swords at Sanqin and the glory of the king and return to the East after World War I. 。
After death, I can't see today, and the mountains and rivers are full of tears.
The setting sun is broken and the west wind is empty.
A book is the teacher of the emperor, trying to explore the west.
More-leave in a hurry, hurry on the road, worry about the banner.
You missed me. Looking back, Zhenjiang Shadow Goose first flew.
Andrew's wheel has four corners, so it is difficult to reduce the waist.
Note: The sword refers to Sanqin: it refers to Liu Bang's occupation of Sanqin. Pursuing death refers to Xiao He's pursuit of Han Xin. There is a book compiled by a teacher: The Art of War, which was written by Hou Chuanli, was published by his father in the next book. Sean said, "If you read this letter, you will learn from the king."
Section 4 Common Images in Farewell Poems
Image: An image or picture commonly used in poetry to convey the poet's thoughts and feelings, and its will or emotional color is relatively stable.
Liu Yang Nanpu Changting, fine wine.
Another example is: sunset, west wind, painted horns, mandarin fish, spring breeze, autumn moon, fallen leaves, residual red, defeated lotus, river water, drizzle and Qiu Chan.
Chapter four: Analysis of epic and ancient poetry.
The first section is about the meaning and historical origin of epic poems and ancient poems.
Ode to history and cherish ancient poems: on the surface, it is a "historical event" or a "person who went to the ancient times", but its purpose is to borrow the ancient times to satirize the present, so-called borrowing the ancient people's glasses to pour their own thunder.
The artistic characteristics of ancient epic: the combination of "poetry" and "history"; the unity of literariness (emptiness) and historicity (reality); The combination of "praising history" and "expressing ambition": a strong concern for real politics; The combination of "ancient" and "present": the multidimensional combination of time and space, present-ancient-present.
The first five-character literati poem: Ban Gu's epic poem in the Eastern Han Dynasty
26. Zuo Si sang eight epic poems.
Write poems about history
The bottom of the gloomy ravine is loose, leaving seedlings on the mountain.
One inch in diameter, which can cover the 100 feet.
The world is tall and handsome.
Because of the terrain, the origin is not once.
Zhang Jin was born in the old Shang Dynasty, a seven-leaf marten.
Feng Gong is not great, but he doesn't know what to do with his white head.
Note: Yu Yu: The appearance of lush vegetation, separation and drooping. Zhou Shi (Wrinkle): the son of a nobleman in the halls. Zhang Jin: Huns (low) and Zhang Anshi were both nobles, and later generations were officials. Well, that's the explanation. Sable, the sable tail on the crown is decorated.
In the second quarter, the Tang Dynasty chanted history and cherished ancient poems
In Chen Ziang in the early Tang Dynasty, the representative writers in the prosperous Tang Dynasty were Wang Wei, Li Bai and Du Fu, such as Li Bai's "Climbing Nanjing to Phoenix Terrace", Du Fu's "Book of Scholars" and "Eight Arrays". In the middle Tang Dynasty, Liu Yuxi's Wuyi Lane, Xibaoshan Old Time and Bai Juyi's Song of Eternal Sorrow. Li shangyin and du mu in late tang dynasty.
Chen Ziang, Yan Zhaowang
Go south to Jieshi Museum and see Huang Jintai.
The mountain is covered with trees, and Wang Zhao is here.
Now that the map is finished, bring the horse back.
Note: In 697, the Duke of Wu sent Wu Youyi, king of Jian 'an County, to levy troops in northern Khitan, and Chen Ziang served as army staff officer. Wu Youyi was born in a famous family and knew nothing about military affairs. Chen Ziang repeatedly put forward strange plans, but nobody paid attention to them. He was reprimanded and appointed as an army sergeant. The author wrote this poem because of the story of Yan Zhaowang's recruiting talents and talents to revitalize Yan State. Yan Zhaowang was in the Warring States Period.
"Go south to Jieshi Museum and look at Huang Jintai". Jieshi Museum, namely Jieshi Palace, was built in Yan Zhaowang. Zou Yan, a native, joined Yan and built Jieshi as his teacher. Huang Jintai was also built by Yan Zhaowang. Wang Zhao put gold on the stage, so he invited world heroes. A few days later, Le Yi and other saints were called.
The poet wrote two historical sites, which embodies Yan Zhaowang's desire to be a moral and polite person. From the two movements of "crawling" and "looking", we can see how much the poet yearns for the ancients! Of course, this is not simply thinking about ancient love. The reason why the poet praised the ancients so strongly is that he deeply felt the ups and downs of this world, which contained profound self-emotion.
The second sentence: "There are trees all over the mountains, and Wang Zhao is here" expresses the feelings of human vicissitudes. The poet looked at Huang Jintai from a distance and saw that the hills where the straight people were too uneven were covered with trees. Where did Yan Zhaowang go? This is a true description on the surface, but it places the poet's dissatisfaction with reality. Why did Le Yi get earth-shattering achievements in Yan State but fail to see outstanding achievements? These two sentences clearly say that "Wang Zhao" is missing, but in fact, it is the poet's complaint about comparing himself with Le Yi. It is also a feeling that the hero has nowhere to play at the wrong time. Although the work was written for Wu Youyi's "regardless of the overall situation", it was placed in a position that could not be ignored, thus showing the poet's heroism. In the end, the work ended with grief and painful thoughts: "It's time to dominate the map and drive the horse back." However, the generals sent by the imperial court are fatuous, which does not make people worry about the national luck. Therefore, the poet has to feel that it is difficult for him to "dominate the map" and national affairs will no longer be carried out. At the same time, in the face of the crisis, the poet's strategy of defending the country was not used, but was suppressed by Wu Youyi, which made people feel that the road ahead was boundless.
The word "capable" is deeply touched. This kind of "driving horses back to camp" is ostensibly a visit to the ancient times, but in fact it implies the meaning of seclusion. In the first year of Shen Gong (697), the Tang Dynasty ended the war with the Khitan, and soon after that, the poet also retired.
Brief analysis: this first visit to ancient poetry has no ornamentation and is full of the spirit restrained by heroes. Reading makes people blush. Du Fu said: "When the country is prosperous, Zi Ang begins to dance high." Hu Yinglin's "Poetry" said, "In the early Tang Dynasty, Liang Suicheng, Chen Ziang alone opened Yayuan." Chen Ziang's poems are unique.
Say goodbye to the ancient grassland
Author: Bai Juyi theme: five-character quatrains
The long grass is so lush that the withered grass will thicken the color of the grass every autumn and winter.
Wildfire can't burn it out, but the spring breeze can revive it.
Weeds and wild flowers are all over the ancient road, and the end of the grass in the sun is your journey.
I once again sent my bosom friend, and the thick grass represented my deep affection.
Note: 1. Ford: Write poems with ancient poems or idiom propositions. There is usually the word "fu" in front of a poem. This is a way for ancient people to learn to write poems, or to write poems on different topics at literati gatherings, or to write poems on topics in imperial examinations, which is called "Fu Yi". In the Southern Dynasties, Emperor Liang Yuan's Fu Zeduo was an early poem of "Appropriate Fu". The popularity of "appropriate fu" was in the Tang Dynasty and has been used ever since. It is more important to try to paste poems than to arrange them properly.