Representative figures of Westernization Movement: Aisingiorro Yixin, Zuo, Zeng Guofan, Li Hongzhang and Zhang Zhidong.

1, Aisingiorro is creditable.

Yi Xin advocated "borrowing foreign soldiers to help suppress" and suppressed the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom revolution; Support Zeng Guofan, Li Hongzhang, Zuo and other local powerful groups to organize modern military industry and carry out westernization activities, and become the leaders of the Qing government center to preside over westernization. 1865, due to the suspicion of Cixi, he was removed from the position of reviewing Wang. 1884 during the sino-French war, he was removed from all his posts. 1894 He was re-appointed as the Prime Minister's yamen minister, and was later ordered to supervise the military. 1898 died at the beginning of the Reform Movement of 1898.

2. Left Tang Zong

Zuo (1812165438+1October1September 5, 885), Han nationality, with high word season and simple words, is a farmer in Hunan. Hunan Xiangyin people. In the late Qing dynasty, he was an important minister, strategist and politician, a famous soldier of Xiang army and one of the representatives of Westernization School. Together with Zeng Guofan, Li Hongzhang and Zhang Zhidong, they are called "the four famous ministers of ZTE in the late Qing Dynasty".

3. Zeng Guofan

18 1 1 year (birth)-1872 (death), a native of Xiangxiang, Hunan Province, was born in a landlord family. 1838 Jinshi, 1839 assistant minister. He advocated Zhu Cheng's Neo-Confucianism. After the collapse of the camp in the south of the Yangtze River, the Qing government promoted Zeng Guofan as the governor of the two rivers, in charge of military affairs in Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Anhui and Jiangxi provinces. Zeng Guofan advocated "catching more and killing faster" to suppress the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Army, so Zeng Guofan was called "shaved his head" by the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Army. He organized Westernization, established a new arms industry, made weapons and armed the Xiang army.

4. Li Hongzhang

1823 (born)-190 1 (dead), minister of the late Qing Dynasty, local representative of the Westernization School. 1853 organized youth league training in his hometown to help suppress the Taiping Army, which failed repeatedly. He took refuge in Zeng Guofan's staff. Since the 1970s, he has established an arsenal and Beiyang Navy. At the same time, he also set up some civilian industries, such as China Maritime Bureau, Kaiping Coal Mine, Tianjin Telegraph Bureau, Jinyu Railway and Shanghai Textile Layout. For foreign aggression, he had to compromise and be regarded as surrendering and betraying the country.

5. Zhang Zhidong

1837 (born)-1909 (dead), born in Nanpi, Zhili (now Nanpi, Hebei). 1863 Jinshi, 1882 served as governor of Shanxi. When the Sino-French War broke out, Zhang Zhidong advocated a decisive battle with France. The Qing court made him the governor of Guangdong and Guangxi, and Zhang donated 3,200 taels of silver to Liu Yongfu, the general who fought against France, and paid an audience with Feng Zicai, the former magistrate of Guangxi.

Extended data:

Westernization Movement

Time: 65438+60s-90s.

Objective: To learn advanced western technology and maintain the rule of Qing government.

Nature: Please launch a self-help movement within the government.

Content: Establish modern military and civilian industries, establish navy and establish new schools.

Result: Failure. Symbol: China was defeated in the Sino-Japanese War.

The so-called "Westernization" refers to a series of things related to foreign relations and foreign exchanges, such as westernization negotiations, concluding treaties, sending overseas students, buying foreign guns, training troops according to "foreign laws", learning from western powers, using machines, mining and setting up factories. The Westernization Movement was originally named "Tongguang New Deal".

After 1860, in the revolution of destroying the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom jointly by China and foreign countries, the comprador and the modern bureaucratic warlord in the feudal group of the Qing Dynasty, in the process of negotiating with the western powers, not only thought that the contradiction between the Qing government and foreign invaders could be mediated and compromised, but also used foreign help to suppress the resistance of the domestic people, and also adopted some advanced capitalist production technologies to achieve the purpose of maintaining the crumbling feudal rule.

These people were the westernization faction in power in the Qing government at that time. The westernization movement they engaged in from 65438+1960s to1990s is called the westernization movement in history.

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