Song Jiang belongs to the landlord class. Most of the members who took part in the uprising belonged to the peasant class. Because of the different class positions, it is impossible for him to unite with the broad masses of Liangshan. What he wants is how to pay homage to his ancestors and seal the shadow of his wife. How do we do this? There is only one answer-accept the court's "wooing".

At the same time, the "revolutionary" of the members of the uprising camp is not completely pure. In this collective, although most members are ordinary workers persecuted by the government or squeezed by landlords, many people in the government are "unlucky" or "helpless" for a while. They are "in Liangshan, their hearts are tied to the imperial court", and they are eager to put on official clothes and eat royal meals again one day. But it is with the active support of this large group of supporters that Song Jiang's "surrender" plan can be successful. At the time of "woo' an", the surrenders cheered, as if the wanderer who had been wandering for many years had found "home" again.

The failure of Liangshan Uprising fully exposed the limitations of the peasant class. Out of dissatisfaction with the real society and despair of their own way out, many heroes gathered in Liangshan. However, their "revolutionary purpose" is not clear. The purpose of their uprising is just the most elementary rebellious ideas such as "robbing the rich to help the poor" and "doing justice for heaven". Small producers of the peasant class cannot form a "joint force" because of their low level of consciousness and their low level of education. They don't know "who to go with" or "how to go", which enables the landlord class with a certain theoretical level to "take advantage of the situation" and occupy the dominant position of the rebel army, leading them step by step to no return.

The failure of Liangshan Uprising was the result of the above-mentioned subjective and objective factors. Among them, the capitulationism thought of the uprising leaders was the main factor leading to the failure of the uprising. However, the existence of a large number of "You 'an" supporters among the members of the uprising camp, as well as the blind obedience and conformity psychology of the majority of members, made "You 'an" move from "ideal" to reality, which led to the complete failure of the uprising and the tragedy of personal fate.

2. Internal division and disunity

Liangshan heroes do justice for heaven, but in the end they fall apart and die without regret, which inevitably makes people feel wronged. While criticizing the corruption in Song Dynasty, many people also pointed their finger at Song Jiang, the leader of Water Margin.

Some people think that the reason why Liangshan heroes ended up like this was caused by Song Jiang. As the invincible leader of the peasant uprising army, Song Jiang flatly rejected Li Kui jy's idea of "killing Tokyo to seize the bird's nest", consciously chose the political road of accepting the court's courtship, and led the water margin uprising army to "uphold justice for heaven" and kill the Fang La uprising army, which was "arrogant and king", and was defeated in the slaughter of both sides. They think that if Song Jiang had adopted Li Kui jy's idea of "killing Tokyo and seizing birds", with Liang Shanbo's strength at that time, the Song Dynasty would have been overthrown. Song Jiang, on the other hand, is a servile man, risking his brother's life for his official position, which is really ungrateful.

I know a hero in the Jianghu, but someone came to see him. He took whatever he wanted, whether he was high or low, so he stayed in the valley of Zhuangshangting all day and was not tired. When I think of it, I try my best to help, and finally I squander my money and regard gold as my life. People ask him for money and things, and they don't shirk it; And is simple, convenient and quick; Every time I want to solve a problem, I just care about people's lives ... because of this, Hebei is famous, and everyone calls him Timely Rain. ",therefore, sung river is a benevolent officer, never for their own jobs and bet on the lives of brothers.

But why did you accept the harness? I think this is caused by the social atmosphere at that time. At that time, the society preached the "Three Cardinals", namely, "the monarch is the minister's cardinal principle", "the father is the child's cardinal principle" and "the husband is the wife's cardinal principle", and Song Jiang was the product of this thought. When Song Jiang was still in Yuncheng, his father advised him not to associate with Liangshan bandits, but to be an official and get ahead, so as to honor his ancestors. Song Jiang also agreed. If Yan Poxi hadn't been killed, he wouldn't have gone to Liangshan at all. He has always called the emperor of the Northern Song Dynasty "holy", which shows that the "son of heaven" in the feudal concept is sacred and inviolable in his heart. When Gao Qiu arrived, he went down to meet him personally and protected him from being chased by Liangshan heroes during the negotiation, which made Lin very angry. He always thought that cooperation with the rulers was the "right way", and he despised himself and his brothers for "falling into the rain and becoming enemies". In the end, in order to maintain the "brothers' reputation", Shui Bo Liangshan, which was painstakingly managed, was handed over to the court, which was the source of his enlistment and also indicated that the uprising was defeated without fighting.

Not only Song Jiang, but also many Liangshan heroes, such as Lu Junyi, Guan Sheng, Shi Jin, Chai Jin, Qin Ming and others, are also deeply influenced by the thought of "Three Cardinals", and they all support woo. Therefore, it is not Song Jiang's personal decision to win over An, but an inevitable choice under the influence of the thought of "Three Cardinals". So it is unfair to blame Song Jiang for the failure of Liangshan Uprising.