Long sentences and short sentences?
The length of a sentence is relative, and there is no clear boundary. Long sentences refer to sentences with complex structure and more words, while short sentences refer to sentences with simple structure and fewer words. There are two main ways to change a long sentence into a short sentence: one is to extract the large decorative restrictive elements that can be extracted from a long sentence and turn them into a sentence or a single sentence, while the non-extracted decorative restrictive elements change from the main part of the sentence to another sentence; The second is to disassemble the combined components and repeat the components of the combined components directly to form a parallelism sentence. When a long sentence becomes a short sentence, we should pay attention to the logical order between the changed short sentences. When changing short sentences into long sentences, we should first understand the similarities and differences of the meanings expressed by several short sentences, determine the backbone, and then express other contents in the form of sentence modification restrictions to avoid missing the meaning.
2. How to turn short sentences into long sentences/how to turn long sentences into short sentences? Please summarize it from the perspective of sentence components. 1. Changing a long sentence into a short sentence has three characteristics: First, modifiers (attributives and adverbials) are used more; Second, coordinate components are used more; Third, the structure of a component is complex. The most common way to turn a long sentence into a short sentence is to separate modifiers such as attributes and adverbials into a clause. The corresponding trunk is also independent into a clause. You can sum up before you say it, or you can sum up after you say it. The methods are as follows: (1) The coordinate phrase acts as a sentence component and is too long. Disassemble the coordinate modifier, let it match the head word separately, form an overlapping sentence, and expand the coordinate phrase into several coordinate clauses. This method is called coordinate separation method. For example, the following long sentences are changed into coherent short sentences. It showed the audience the thriving scene on the grassland and the moving scene of herders fighting to open up grassland pastures and build bridges. From the beginning, the play showed the audience the thriving scene on the grassland, and showed the moving scene of herders fighting to open up grassland pastures and build bridges. (2) First, grasp the trunk of the sentence, clarify the central meaning of the sentence, extract additional components, and turn them into short sentences arranged in chronological order. This method can be referred to as extraction and sorting. For example, change the following bad translation into three coherent short sentences. Requirements: clear hierarchy, clear meaning, and no deletion of content. The original intention cannot be changed. Today, the local court overturned the ban on the police from carrying out the mayor's instructions, that is, it is not allowed to build any level of theater near the school. The mayor of a city issued an order that no theater of any grade should be built near the school. However, the police received an injunction prohibiting the execution of the mayor's instructions. Today, the local court overturned the ban again. (3) With the help of multiple fingers, the additional components of long sentences become parallel components. Then use pronouns instead (add a pronoun to replace the long attribute before the head word, and then put the long attribute after the head word as a compound reference component. ) This method is called object lifting replacement method. A long sentence that is often used to define becomes a short sentence. For example, the process of people appreciating artistic works is to keenly perceive and appreciate the artistic beauty expressed by artistic images with increasing artistic sensibility. The process of people's appreciation of works of art is such a process: with the growing artistic sensibility, they can keenly perceive and appreciate the artistic beauty expressed by artistic images, thus gaining aesthetic enjoyment. Second, short sentences become long sentences. Short sentences become long sentences. First, find out the central subject, central predicate and object in short sentences, turn other short sentences into decorative elements, add or delete individual words, and adjust the internal structure of sentences. Make it coherent and smooth. This long sentence has only one set of subject, predicate and object. For example, extract the main points of the listed materials and integrate them into one sentence to define "heredity". (1) heredity is the process of biological self-reproduction. (2) this kind of reproduction will follow the same development path and way that parents have experienced. (3) In this process, organisms will absorb substances in the environment to build themselves. The result of this breeding process is a copy similar to their parents. A self-reproduction process in which an organism absorbs substances in the environment and constructs a copy of itself similar to that of its parents according to the same development path and mode as that experienced by its parents is called heredity. Or "heredity refers to a self-reproduction process in which organisms absorb substances in the environment and build their own copies similar to their parents according to the same development path and mode experienced by their parents."
3. What principles do long sentences and short sentences follow in the process of transformation? Long sentences can be changed into short sentences, but it doesn't mean adding a few pauses casually.
Punctuation can only lead to the separation of sentence meaning. For example, the traffic police team put forward the slogan that every policeman should be "the eyes of the blind, the crutches of the disabled, the guides of outsiders, and the children of the elderly" and put it into action.
The author probably thinks the sentence is too long and wordy, so he adds a comma after "put forward". But in this way, the last two clauses seem to be completely "split" and have nothing to do with the first sentence.
If it were changed to the following statement, there would be no such problem: the traffic police force put forward a slogan-every policeman should be on duty as "the eyes of livestock, crutches for the disabled, guides for foreigners and children of the elderly" and implement it in action. Long sentences and short sentences can generally be transformed into each other. In the process of transformation, the following principles should be followed: (1) the sentence meaning is fully expressed; No grammatical problems; Do not change the original intention; You can add or delete individual words; Do not add or delete changed content; Pay attention to hierarchy and logical relationship; Try to avoid repetition and simplify with demonstrative pronouns.