Yunnan has a border line of 1280 kilometers long, and there are 1 17 minefields scattered, covering an area of 277.78 square kilometers. There are more than 800,000 landmines and 65,438+10,000 rounds of artillery shells left over from the war, and there are as many as five in the most densely populated areas per square meter.
The buried mines are intertwined with a large number of grenades, rockets, bullets and other explosives abandoned by both sides in the battle. Coupled with long time, long years of humidity and serious corrosion, it will explode if you are not careful. According to incomplete statistics, by1July 1993, there were more than 4,000 casualties in Wenshan alone, including 1400 deaths and 1000 disabilities. The border people have long been "talking about thunder."
Two demining operations
1 in March 1993, five demining teams and1support teams, consisting of 600 PLA officers and men who had been trained in demining, started the first demining operation. As the saying goes, it is easy to mine, but difficult to mine. The cost of a mine is usually only 3 ~ 10, but the cost of clearing a mine is usually as high as 300 ~ 1000. After more than a year, the first demining operation cleared 65,438+002.8 square kilometers of minefields, and cleared more than 280,000 mines and 65,438+020,000 explosives.
1 997 65438+February1,more than 500 officers and men of the Yunnan Military Region were ordered to go to six counties at the junction of Wenshan and Honghe, and launched the second large-scale border mine-clearing operation with a total length of 1280 km from Tianpeng Town of Funing County in the east to Daheba in Lu Chun County in the west. 109.67 square kilometers of minefields were completely cleared, and 53.36 square kilometers of minefields were permanently closed. By the end of April, 1999, * * * had cleared 550,000 mines and more than 200,000 explosives, and destroyed nearly 200 tons of abandoned mines and shells left over from the war.
In the whole demining operation, 46,850 mu of productive land, 9 1.500 mu of economic forest land were restored and added, 27 kilometers of border roads were opened, 52 border crossings were opened, and 3 border trade markets were opened. All these have opened up a new world for the development of Yunnan border economy. In addition, seven patrol passages covering more than 40 kilometers have been opened for border guards.
Mines cleared and mine-clearing equipment
There are 2/kloc-0 kinds of mines made in China, Viet Nam, the United States and the former Soviet Union. There are anti-tank mines, but most of them are anti-personnel mines. Its manufacturing materials are also varied, such as iron shell, rubber shell, wood shell and so on. Although they vary in size, their lethality should not be underestimated. Here are some typical mines.
The wooden shell anti-infantry mine of the Vietnamese army, commonly known as "coffin mine", is named because it is made of wood and looks like a coffin. Length 19 cm, width 8 cm and height 4.5 cm. It weighs 440 grams and contains 200 grams of TNT explosive. It uses both pressure and pull, and the sound is dull when it explodes. Although it is made of wood, the explosive explosion has a great impact.
Vietnamese anti-infantry mine with rubber shell, made of plastic,16cm high, 4cm wide and 4cm thick. It weighs 4 10g and contains 75g TNT explosive. It uses pressure and pull fuses to kill infantry through explosion shock waves.
Vietnam PPM-2 anti-infantry mine is round, with a diameter of 1.25mm, a height of 65mm and a weight of 350g. It contains 1.20g TNT explosive and piezoelectric fuse, which kills infantry through the shock wave generated by explosive explosion.
The armored anti-infantry mine height of the Vietnamese army is 14.5cm, the diameter is 5cm, and the weight is 8 10g. It contains 75g TNT explosive, and the acting tension is 1.5 ~ 4kg. After the explosion, it killed the infantry by producing fragments.
Soviet-made PMI mine, made of plastic and rubber, with a diameter of 1 1cm, weighs 600g, contains 200g TNT explosive, and works at a pressure of 7-30kg, killing infantry by explosive explosion shock wave.
MOH- 100 anti-infantry mine made in Soviet Union belongs to fragment directional mine, which is a kind of manipulation mine. The total weight is 5 kg, the charge is 2 kg, the height is 82.5 mm, and the diameter is 236 mm. After initiation, the fragments cut by steel bars in the mine shell have a dense killing distance of 100 m, a killing width of 6.5 ~ 9.5 m, and a flying distance of about 30 m to the rear and both sides.
Total weight of our 66-type anti-infantry directional mine1.6kg. It consists of plastic mine shell, charge, steel ball, support and fuse. There is an aiming hole at the top of the center of the mine shell to aim at the killing direction. There is a bracket at the bottom of the mine shell, which can be rotated, separated and closed to support the mine body and adjust the aiming angle. It contains 600 grams of plastic explosives and about 7 10 steel balls. The intensive killing distance is 50 ~ 55 meters, and the effective killing distance is 80 meters.
The two border mine clearance operations have greatly tested the technical level of our army's mine clearance equipment, and also promoted the research and improvement of our army's mine clearance equipment and protective equipment, and manufactured new protective equipment, mine clearance harrow, ammonium antimony mine clearance explosive cartridge and so on.
The new protective equipment includes new bulletproof vests, bulletproof pants and lightning protection shoes. The difference between the new lightning protection shoes and the old ones is that the soles are solid and thick, and the protective performance is better than that of inflatable protective shoes. The protective layer is thicker, which is more powerful for human protection and more convenient and durable to use. The main function of the compound mine-sweeping rake is to find unexploded mines in the explosion place. It is worth mentioning that the ammonium antimony mine-sweeping explosive tube and the new compound mine detector have been proved to be advanced in performance and convenient to use in this mine-sweeping operation, and have been officially included in military equipment.