First, the Westernization Movement, under the slogan of "self-improvement" and "seeking wealth", prepared to "learn from foreigners to control foreigners"; /kloc-at the end of 0/9th century, "take Russia and Japan as teachers" and prepare to become a powerful country through reform. At the beginning of the 20th century, "learn from Europe and America" and prepare for revolution and the establishment of a bourgeois republic. ……
Without exception, these efforts have failed.
But it also shows that this road is not feasible.
Modern China is a very complicated country;
The first is poverty and weakness. In the international environment where the law of the jungle prevails, the poor and the weak are bound to be beaten, so prosperity has become an urgent problem to be solved. In order to be rich and strong, we must build a strong centralized country.
China's national condition is "fragmentation". Without the concept of nationality, the feudal economy was very backward, imperialism and feudalism colluded, and the national strength was weak ... The Qing government was overthrown, and the country was not much better: warlords were separated, and the people were in a scuffle for years. ...
However, the bourgeoisie is incapable of establishing a powerful centralized state: weak in strength, congenital deficiency, strong in dependence, wavering in compromise, disregarding the national conditions, transforming the country according to bourgeois textbooks, copying the practice of separation of three powers is not very detailed, and establishing the separation of five powers. In addition, the bourgeoisie believes in private ownership and private property, ignoring the monopoly and blind expansion of capital on profits ... There are many political parties, many hills and local governments, which make it impossible for him to lead the democratic revolution to victory.
1917165438+10.7 (Russian calendar 65438+10.25) The October Revolution took place in Russia, which gave China great confidence and encouragement. Under the leadership of * * * Production International, China established the * * * Production Party. Since then, the Russian road is the road of China; The flag of the Soviet Union is the flag of China!
After the founding of New China, influenced by the cold war situation, social system and ideology, China's foreign policy was one-sided. There are only two words left to learn from the Soviet Union: copy. 1950, the two sides signed the Sino-Soviet Treaty of Friendship, Alliance and Mutual Assistance. At this time, Sino-Soviet relations were teacher-student relations.
However, they have many problems, especially the Stalin model. 1956, the 20th Congress of the Soviet Union was held, and Khrushchev totally denied Stalin, but kept the state system a secret.
President Mao Zedong's reports "On Ten Major Relationships" and "On Correctly Handling Contradictions among the People" began his exploration of his own socialism.
Because China did not want to blindly follow and imitate the Soviet Union, nor did it want to succumb to the Soviet Union, the relationship between the two sides was once very tense and a military conflict occurred. In the Soviet Union, there are millions of soldiers on the border, while in China, considering the danger of the coming war, the proportion of military industry in the national economy is too large, which seriously limits China's efforts to balance the layout of the national economy.
By this time, the Soviet Union had reached a spent force.
On February 26th, supreme soviet of the ussr held its last meeting and announced the disintegration of the Soviet Union. At this point, the Soviet Union disintegrated.
The disintegration of the Soviet Union provided China with a livelihood.